现在完成时考点、难点全剖析

实用文档文案大全考点、难点全剖析—现在完成时—一、现在完成时的含义表示到目前为止已经完成的动作或存在的状态。二、现在完成时的结构主语+have/has+动词的过去分词★肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词done否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词done一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词doneYes,主语+have/has.No,主语+haven’t/hasn’t（划重点，这个经常在单选中出现）★过去分词：1、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：①一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”:work---worked---worked,visit---visited---visited②以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”:live---lived---lived,③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将y变为i，再加“ed”:study---studied---studied,cry---cried---cried④重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”:stop---stopped---stopped,drop---dropped--dropped2.不规则动词AAA型实用文档文案大全burstburstbursthurthurthurtletletletcutcutcutcostcostcosthithithitputputputsetsetsetshutshutshutspreadspreadspreadreadreadread(read原形和过去分词发音为/ri:d/,过去式发音为/red/)AAB型beatbeatbeatenABAbecomebecamebecomerunranruncomecamecomeABB型bringbroughtbroughtbuyboughtboughtbuildbuiltbuiltburnburntburntcatchcaughtcaughtdigdugdugfeelfeltfeltfightfoughtfoughtfindfoundfoundhearheardheardholdheldheldkeepkeptkeptlaylaidlaidleadledledloselostlostmakemademademeetmetmetsellsoldsoldshootshotshotsitsatsatstandstoodstoodsweepsweptsweptteachtaughttaughttelltoldtoldthinkthoughtthoughtwinwonwonABC型beginbeganbegunblowblewblownbreakbrokebroken实用文档文案大全choosechosechosendrawdrewdrawndrivedrovedrivendrinkdrankdrunkflyflewflownwritewrotewrittenforgetforgotforgottenfreezefrozefrozengivegavegivengrowgrewgrownknowknewknownrideroderiddenriseroserisenringrangrungshakeshookshakensingsangsungsinksanksunkswimswamswumthrowthrewthrown建议在平时的学习过程中自己动手整理，发现一个就把它记到自己的整理本或者笔记本上！（注意哦，一定要记在一起啊，记得在笔记本上预留他们的专属位置哟）三、常见用法（重点）1.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，有以下四大标志词:①already,just和yetHehasalreadygotherhelp.他已得到她的帮助。Hehasjustseenthefilm.他刚刚看过这场电影。（看电影这个是已经完成的）Hehasn'tcomebackyet.他还没有回来。（没有回来，对现在造成了影响）②ever和neverThisisthebestfilmIhaveeverseen.这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。HehasneverbeentoBeijing.他从没有到过北京。③以动作发生的次数为标志HesayshehasbeentotheUSAthreetimes.实用文档文案大全④sofar，before,recently,latelyHehasboughtanewcarrecently.Ihaven’theardfromhimJanelately.2.表示动作或状态在过去某一时刻就已经开始，且持续到现在，常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点），或howlong连用:①for+时段Maryhasbeenillforthreedays.②since+过去一个时间点（自从……以来）Hehasbeenateachersince1998.③since+时段+agoHehasstudiedEnglishsince4yearsago.④since+从句（过去时）IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.⑤Itis+时段+since+从句（过去时）Itisthreedayssincehearrivedhere.四、易错考点+难点（重点）注意：现在完成时表示动作从过去某个时候开始一直持续到现在，与一段时间连用时应注意肯定句中的谓语动词应是延续性动词，非延续性动词不可和一段时间连用。1、表示短暂意义的动词（即非延续性动词）如open,go,come,arrive,leave,lose,fallleave,return,join,die,buy,borrow等的完成时，在肯定句中不能与for或since等引导的时间段连用，（因为它们表示的动作是短暂的，而时间段并不是短暂，所以不匹配）。例：他到这里三天了.（×）Hehasarrivedhereforthreedays.（√）Hehasbeenhereforthreedays.（×）Itisthreedayssincehearrivedhere.实用文档文案大全（√）Ithasbeenthreedayssincehearrivedhere.敲黑板，划重点！这一块是经常会考到的内容，一定要注意，一定要注意，一定要注意！重要的事情说三遍！那么问题来了，如果非要把非延续性动词与一段时间连用要怎么办？？嗯，这个嘛，其实有三种方法：①非延续性动词转化为延续性动词②将时间状语改为过去时间，并用一般过去时代替现在完成时。如：SheleftChangchun2yearsago.她两年前离开长春。③用“Itis+一段时间+since从句”表示。从句中的谓语动词用非延续性动词的过去式如：Ithasbeenthreedayssincehearrivedhere.他到这儿已经三天了。非延续性动词转化延续性动词buy→havecome→beheredie→bedeadgo→bethereleave→beawayarrive/reach→beopen/close→beopen/beclosedwakeup→beawakeborrow→keep实用文档文案大全2、现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状语连用，如yesterday,lastyear,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenIcamein，但可以和不明确指出时间的状语，如already,yet,sometimes,always,often,before,lately,recently,once,twice,ever,never等连用。例如：Shehasalreadycome.她已经来了。Ihaven’treadityet.我还没读过这个。Ihavemethimbefore.我从前曾见过他。Ihaveoftenseenhiminthestreet.我经常在街上看见他。TheyhaveneverbeentoYan’an.他们从未去过延安。Ihaven'tseenhimlately.我近来没看到他。3、have(has)been和have(has)gone的区别：表示“曾到过某地”要用“have(has)been”;表示“已经去某地”要用“have(has)gone”。试比较：Wherehashebeen?他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了）Wherehashegone?他上哪儿去了？（人不在）TheyhavebeentoCanada.他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大）TheyhavegonetoCanada.他们到加拿大去了。专项练习题—现在完成时—一、用since和for填空。1.____twoyears2.____twoyearsago3.____lastmonth4.____19995.____yesterday6.____4o’clock7.____4hours8.____anhouragofor／since／since／since／since／since／for／since二、选用have,has填空。实用文档文案大全1.I_______toldhimthenews.have2.She________comebackfromschool.has3.You________wonthegame.have三、用never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since填空。1.Ihave_______seenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.never2.Jackhas_________finishedhishomework.already3.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschool________tenyears.for4.—“Haveyou________seenthefilm?”ever—“No,Ihave________seenit.”never5.—“Hasthebusleft_______?”yet—“Yes,ithas_________left.”already四、单项选择。1.—Dad,whereismom？—She______thesupermarket.A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.isgoingtoD.wentto2.BythetimeIgraduatenextyear,Iwill____herefor5years.A.liveB.islivingC.livedD.havelived3.Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey____what'shappenedtohim.A.knewB.haveknownC.mustknowD.willknow4.Hisfather______thePartysince1978.A.joinedB.hasjoinedC.wasinD.hasbeenin5.-Doyouknowhimwell?-Sure.We____friendssincetenyearsago.实用文档文案大全A.wereB.havebeenC.havebecomeD.havemade6.-Howlonghaveyou____here?-Abouttwomonths.A.beenB.goneC.comeD.arrived7.Hurryup!Theplay__________fortenminutes.A.hasbegunB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.began8.TheSmiths_______inChinafor8years.A.haslivedB.livedC.havebeenD.live9.—Hello,thisisMr.Greenspeaking.CanIspeaktoMr.Black?—Sorry.He______theBainiaoPark.A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.wenttoD.willg