屈折词缀和派生词缀的区别

Whatarethedifferencesbetweeninflectionalandderivationalaffixes?屈折词缀派生词缀InflectionalAffixesAninflectionalaffixisoneattachedtotheendofawordtoconveygrammaticalmeaningorgrammaticalrelation,suchastense,case,number,comparativeorsuperlativedegree,etc.DerivationalAffixesAderivationalaffixisonethatisaddedtothebeginningortheendofawordinordertocreateanewword.Derivationalaffixescanbedividedintoprefixesandsuffixes.InflectionalAffixes：DerivationalAffixes：-(e)s,indicatingpluralityofnouns-(e)s,indicatingthirdpersonsingular,presenttense-(e)d,indicatingpasttenseforallthreepersons-ing,indicatingprogressiveaspect-er,indicatingcomparativedegreeofadj.andadverbs-est,indicatingsuperlativedegreeofadj.andadverbs-s,indicatingthepossessivecaseofnounsSuffixes:n.:-ance,-ant,-ationv.:-en,-ify,-izeadj.:-able,-ful,-ical,-lessadv.:-ly,number:-teen,-ty......Prefixes:de-,dis-,il-,im-,un-,super-,tele-,re-,pro-......Difference1:InflectionalaffixesaremostlysuffixeswhileDerivationalaffixescanbeprefixesorsuffixes.Exemples:Tell:Tell+ingSheistellingthestory.Tell+erThisisanAutomatedTellerMachine.Brother:Brother+sIhave2brothers.Brother+hoodIvaluethebrotherhoodbetweenus.Difference2:Inflectionalaffixesveryoftenonlyaddaminuteordelicategrammaticalmeaningtothestem（词根）.Derivationalaffixesoftenchangethelexicalmeaning.Exemples:Love(v.):Love+edIlovedhimwhenIwasyoung.(v.)Love+erHeisaloverofmusic.(n.)Admire(v.):Admire+sHeadmiresherpersistence.(v.)Admir+ableHerbraveryisadmirable.(adj.)Difference3:InflectionalaffixesdonotchangetheWordclass（词类）theyattachtobutDerivationalaffixesmightchangethewordclassExemple:PredictPredict+edTheeconomistspredictedanincreaseintherateofinflationlastmonth.un+predict+ableMr.Johnisaveryunpredictableman.Difference4:InflectionalaffixesareconditionedbynonsemanticlinguisticfactorsoutsidethewordtheyattachtobutwithinthephraseorsentencebutDerivationalaffixesaremoreoftenbasedonsimplemeaningdistinctions.InflectionalaffixDerivationalaffix1Inflectionalaffixesveryoftenonlyaddaminuteordelicategrammaticalmeaningtothestem.Derivationalaffixesoftenchangethelexicalmeaning.2InflectionalaffixesdonotchangetheWordclasstheyattachtoDerivationalaffixesmightchangethewordclass3InflectionalaffixesareconditionedbyNonsemanticlinguisticfactorsoutsidethewordtheyattachtobutwithinthephraseorsentence.Derivationalaffixesaremoreoftenbasedonsimplemeaningdistinctions.4Inflectionalaffixesaremostlysuffixes.Derivationalaffixescanbeprefixesorsuffixes.是否改变词意是否改变词性受什么影响前/后缀