定语从句讲义

TheAttributiveClause定语从句讲解主讲人张瑞英语中的三大从句定语从句状语从句（时间，条件，原因，让步，目的，结果，方式，比较，地点）名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）定语从句的定义在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的句子，称为定语从句。引出定语从句的词称为关系词。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词，定语从句需放在先行词之后。3.根据关系词在定语从句中所充当的成分分为：关系代词和关系副词关系代词:whowhomthatwhichwhoseas(在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语)关系副词：whenwherewhy(在定语从句中充当状语）先行词和关系代词的关系1.Aplaneisamachinethat/whichcanfly.2.Thisisthebookthat/which/--Iboughtyesterday3.Theboywho/thatbrokethewindowiscalledTom.4.Theboywho/whom/that/--Imetintheparkisauniversitystudent.Thisistheboywhosefatherisrich.Thisistheboythefatherofwhomisrich.Thisistheboyofwhomthefatherisrich.Thisisthebookwhosecoverisred.Thisisthebookthecoverofwhichisred.Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisred.关系副词和先行词的关系IstillrememberthedaywhenIcamehere.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling.Idon’tlikethewaythatyouspeak.ontheday=wheninthehouse=whereforthereasons=whyintheway=that1.I’llneverforgetthedays__________weworkedtogether.2.I’llneverforgetthedays________wespenttogether.3.IwenttotheplaceIworkedtenyearsago.4.Iwenttotheplace________Ivisitedtenyearsago.5.Thisisthereason______________hewaslate.6.Thisisthereason____________hegave.when/duringwhichwhichwhere/inwhichwhichwhy/forwhichthat/which几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词定语从句的分类定语从句TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句特殊的关系代词As关系代词as引导的限制性定语从句,既可指人,也可指物。在定语从句中可做主语,宾语和表语。它常用在thesame…as,as…as,such…as,so…as句型中，as不可省略。Youhavemadethesamemistakeasyoumadeintheexaminationlasttime.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatPleasecompletethefollowingsentencesandcompare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)在非限制性定语从句中，as可指代整个主句，其引导的定语从句可位于句首，句中或句末，通常用逗号与主句隔开。as具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：asyouknow/asisknowntous/asyousee/asweplanned/asweexpected在非限制性定语从句中，which也可指代整个主句，但只可紧跟在主句的后面。as引导的非限制性定语从句Hepassedtheexam,whichmadehisparentsveryhappy.They’vewonthematch,whichIfindsurprising.Asweknow,smokingisharmfultopeople’shealth.Money,assomeoneoncesaid,istherootofallevils.Heisateacher,ascanbeseenfromhismanner.他是个老师，这一点从他的举止可以看出来当先行词为物时只用that不用which引导定语从句的情况1.先行词是不定代词,如all,little,few,much,anything,everything,nothing,none,等。Isthereanythingthatyouwant?2.先行词被all,every,no,some,little,few,much,theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰.Ihavereadallthebooksthatyougaveme3.先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。ThisisthefirstplacethatIvisitedlasttime.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen4.先行词中既有人又有物时。Theytalkedaboutthegirlandthethings(that)theymetatthegate.他们谈论了他们在门口遇到的那个女孩和一些事情。在非限制性定语从句中只能用which做关系代词的情况在介词后面介词+关系代词的情况Themanwhom/who/that/---youspoketowasascientist.ThemantowhomyouspokewasascientistThecitythat/which/--shelivesinisfaraway.Thecityinwhichshelivesisfaraway1.Doyoulikethebookshespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebookshepaid$10?3.Doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebooksheoftentalks?5.Hebuiltatelescopehecouldstudytheskies.介词+关系代词的情况练习onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhichthroughwhich98’)HewasveryrudetotheCustomsofficer,_____ofcoursemadethingsevenworse.A.whoB.whomC.whatD.which99’)______ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorhighschoolsisincreasing.A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.It00’)RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,______wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose01’)He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation______heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why08)Wewentthroughaperiod____communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.A.whichB.whoseC.inwhichD.withwhich05’)TheUnitedStatesismadeupoffiftystates,oneof_____isseparatedfromtheothersbythePacificOcean.A.themB.thoseC.whichD.whose00’)Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowprice_____peopleexpected.A.likeB.asC.thatD.which01’)Haveyouseenthefilm“Titanic”,_____leadingactorisworldfamous?A.itsB.it’sC.whoseD.whichByebye!Byebye!