五种基本句型-----导学案

2016-2017高三美术班学案1写作训练（1））简单句的五种基本句型Learningaim:Reviseandpracticethefivesimplesentencepatterns.五个基本句式如下：主谓结构S十V主语＋不及物动词主系表结构S十V十P主语＋连系动词＋表语主谓宾结构S十V十O主语＋及物动词＋宾语主谓双宾结构S十V十IO十DO主谓宾补结构S十V十O十C句型一主语+系动词+表语（1）系动词的三分类：保持或状态类的有be,remain,stay,keep,prove等；表示“变化”类的有grow,turn,get,become,fall，go，come等；表示“感官”类的有look,sound,smell,taste,feel,,seem，appear.等；例如:Iamaseniorschoolstudentwhileheisajuniorone.我是高中生他是初中生。Afterfouryears,Tombecameadoctor=turneddoctor.四年后，汤姆成了一名医生。Thestorysoundsinterestingandinstructive.这故事听起来既有趣又有教育意义。（2）使用系动词应注意的地方:第一，没有被动语态；第二，.一般没有进行时[练习]根据句子，用所给词的正确形式填空或根据汉语提示填空：(1)Whathesaid_______(sound)reasonable.(2)Hefeels________(comfortably),workingintheair-conditionedoffice.(3)Whenthewintercomes,theleavesinthetreeturn_________(yellow).(4)Mymother________(look)youngalthoughsheisalreadyinherlatefifties.(5)Theapple________(taste)sweet.(6)Pleasekeep______(安静);Thebabyhasfallen_______(睡).(7)Theyworkdayandnighttomaketheirdreamcome_______(真).句型二主语+不及物动词(1)不及物动词不能直接加宾语。如,agree,lie,work,argue,lie,belong,come,go,reply等。(2)不及物动词加一个介词后构成动词短语可以加宾语。如，agreewith,liein,workat,belongto,comeacross,goto等。【练习】1.翻译句子1.Thesunwasshining.____________________.2.Themoonrose._________________.3.Whathesaiddoesnotmatter._____________________________.4.Theytalkedforhalfanhour.________________________.5.___________________________________.这支笔书写流利.2.在每一空格上填一恰当的介词。(1)Idon’tagree_______youcompletely.Ihavemyownopinion.(2)ThedictionaryisnotTom’s.Itbelongs______me.(3)Useyourhead,andyouwillthink______somewaystosolvetheproblem.(4)ToimprovemyEnglish,Iworkhard______it.(5)Look_____thecloudysky,.Itisgoingtorain.句型三主语+及物动词+宾语[【练习】1.划出以下句子的主、谓、宾部分如：Doingmorningexercisesbenefitsourhealth.（1）Tomasteraforeignlanguagehelpsuscommunicatewithforeigners.（2）Idoubtwhetherhewilljoinusinthedebate.（3）Wemissedgoingtocollegeforthatreason.（4）Whathesaidtouchedmegreatly.2.翻译句子(1)Sheorderedanewdress.____________________(2)Idrewmanypictures.___________________.(3)Heboughtadictionary.____________________.(4)Itoldhimthatthebuswaslate._____________________.(5)Heshowedmehowtorunthemachine._____________________.句型四主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）（1）双宾语指直接宾语与间接宾语。一般地说，宾语指人为间接宾语，宾语指物为直接宾语。例如：Myfatherboughtmeacar.（me为间接宾语，acar为直接宾语）Thesingersangusanothersong.（us为间接宾语，anothersong为直接宾语）（2）如果直接宾语放在及物动词之后、间接宾语之前,那么两个宾语之间有一个介词(to,for等)。TheteacherofferedsomeadviceonlearningEnglishtous.Thesingersanganothersongforus.【练习】1.翻译句子1.去年王老师教我们英语。__________________________________________2.明天我要给他写封信，告诉他这个好消息。_____________________________________________3.他们给他提供了一份工作，但他拒绝了。2016-2017高三美术班学案2__________________________________________________4.在我14岁生日时，爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。____________________________________________________5.昨晚我花了两小时才完成作业。_______________________________________________________6.对不起，能问你一个问题吗？___________________________________________________2.在每一空格上填一个恰当的介词。（1）Motherboughtabirthdaycake______me.(2)Giveasecondapple_____her.Shelikesit.(3)Thecompanywillprovidesomedrinks_____thevolunteers.句型五主语+及物动词+复合宾语（宾语+宾补）：宾补是用来描述或说明宾语的动作、状态或特征。宾语是宾补的逻辑主语（暗含的主语）。宾补可由名词、代词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式（短语）、分词（短语）等来充当。例如：Tommadethebabylaugh.（不带to的不定式laugh作补语）Tellhimtofollowtheinstructions.(不定式短语作宾补)TheymadeBeijingthecapitalofthePRC.(名词作宾补)Wesawtheoldmancrossingthestreetwhenwewalked.(现在分词短语作宾补)Itriedmybesttomakethelessonalivelyone.(不定代词one作宾补)Whatmadeyouhere?(副词作宾补)Wefoundourselvesingreattrouble.(介词短语作宾补)Don’tleavethemachineworkingalldaylong.(现在分词短语作宾补)[练习]根据汉语或英语提示在空格上填一个恰当的单词。（1）Lethim______(进来)（2）Letthestudent________(站)outsidetheclassroom.(3)Wemadeourclassroom___________(明亮)。(4)Fatherhavesomeemployees________(work)alldayandallnight.(5)Didyouhaveyourbicycle________(repair)?(6)Ihavenothing________(do)thisafternoon.Let’sgoswimming.(7)Hekeptus__________(read)thestoryonceandagain.(8)Thekeeperkeptthemonkey_____________(在笼子里)(9)Jennylefthismoney________(偷了).(10)Ifoundmyself__________(surround)bysomesnakes.(11)Iwouldliketoseetheplan_____(carry)out.(12)Whogotthemachine________(start)?(13)Jimaskedme_______________(wait)himattheschoolgate.(14)Theboywasmade__________(stand)outsidetheroom.(15)Don’tallowtheguests____________(smoke)here.【巩固练习】单项选择()1.Theflowerssmell________.A．nicelyB．sweetsC．sweetlyD．sweet()2.Shecouldn't________herwords________bythestudents.A．get;understandingB．get;understoodC．make;tounderstandD．make;understand()3.—Howdidyourparentslikeyouridea?—Theyalwaysletme________whatIthinkisright.A．todoB．doC．doingD．did()4.—IsJackinthelibrary?—Maybe.Isawhim________outwithsomebooksjustnow.A．goingB．goC．togoD．went()5.—________you________totheradio?—No,youcanturnitoff.A．Did;listenB．Have;listenedC．Do;listenD．Are;listening()6.—Hello!MayIspeaktoBilly?—Hello!________Billyspeaking.A．I'mB．ThisisC．That'sD．Its()7.We___manytreesinandaroundourschoolandtheyarenow____verywell.A．grew;growingB．grew;plantingC．planted;plantingD．planted;growing()8.Wefoundabeautifulpurse________inthesidewalk.A．layB．lyingC．tolieD．lie()9.Myfather________anewcomputer________measabirthdaypresent.A．buy;toB．bought;toC．bought;forD．buy;for()10.Wefind________impossibletoworkouttheproblemb