相转化法制备超滤和微滤膜的孔结构控制

XXX,,,XXX(,100080):--,:;;:TQ028.8:A:1008-9357(2002)04-0487-09,,,;,(),,,,,,,,,Loeb1,,,,,,1,,2,34:(Desolvation)(),,():(Demixing),Vol.15200212JournalofFunctionalPolymersNo.4Dec.2002XXXXXX:(1977-),,,,E2mail:[e-mail]:2002-04-28:(:59833120)©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:(Phasetransformation)(Domaincoalescence)(Phaseflow)(,),,,22.1-,,,/()/,Flory2Huggins,Gm9,10:GmRT=n1ln1+n2ln2+n2ln3+12n12+13n13+23n23(1),123;niii;R,T;121322;23,3-,:i()=i():ri=1,(1)P,S,NS(Binodalline),(Spinodalline),C(Criticalpoint)A,,BB,-Fig.1ExampleofanisothermalternaryphasediagramFig.2Freemolarenthalpyofmixing(Gm)atatemperatureforabinarysystemwithonesolventandonepolymer2.2-,;,,,,884,,,©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(,),TA,P(Ap1)(C=1)(P=A),(3,C=3,L),TA,Flory[12]:1TA-1T0M=RHfV3V2(2-22)(2)2,-,TA,T0m,Hf,V2V32.3,,,,,2,(),-,,;,-,13,PES/NMP,,,,-,Kelley2Bueche12:Tg=HTg,33+Tg,22H3+2(3)2,3,,H33.1(Cellularmorphology)--,,-,-,,,,3.2(Lacymorphology),,,-,,,3.3(Nodulestructure)25200nm,,--;984©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(Macrovoid),,,,,-,-,,,,,4,(,),4.1,4.1.1,(),,,;,,,-14,15,,,;,,,Flory2Huggins,,1Table1Flory2Hugginsinteractionparametersforsomemembrane2formingsystems3P/S/NS122313Ref.CA/DMF/MPD0.300.351.1116PS/DMF/H2O0.32+0.75/(1-0.962)0.25-0.08(23-1)2.30PES/DMF/H2O2.00+0.10317EVAL/DMSO/H2O-1.30+1.08/(1-0.862)-1.20+0.2031.9618PI/DMSO/H2O-0.22-0.8220.492.3PI/NMP/H2O0.79+0.6720.232.30193:12,23,13denotetheinteractionparametersofsolvent/nonsolvent,solvent/polymer,nonsolvent/polymer,respectively;idenotesthevolumefractionofcomponenti.4.1.2,,[LiClMg(ClO4)2],,,,,,094,,,©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(,)()24-26;/,,,/,;Beerlage27/,,23,,,Boom28Flory2huggins,PES/PVP/NMP/H2O,,23Table2SomeadditivesusedinpreparingUFmembranesandpropertiesofthesemembranesPolymernamewSolventnamewAdditivenamewWaterflux(Lm22MPa21min21)Retentionproperty)R(%)SubstanceM104RefPS0.15NMP0.75PEG-6000.1030.0090PEG-35,00003.5329PES0.15DMF0.70MA0.154.0390PEG-35,00003.53PES0.15DMF0.70PP0.150.9395PEG-35,00003.5330butanone0.0811.11PS0.15NMP0.77MeOEtOH0.0846.6790BSA6.733PEG-4000.0876.6731PVP0.0868.33H2O0.058.22PES0.20NMP0.75PEG-10,0000.0561.3395BSA6.73332PVP-10,0000.0514.75DMF0.77PEG-6000.0830.84DMF0.77PEG-30000.0849.67PAN0.15DMF0.76LiCl0.0964.7090BSA6.73333DMF0.76ZnCl20.0937.00DMF0.74LiCl/H2O0.09/0.0271.00DMF0.79ZnCl2/IPA0.04/0.0275.00butanone0.08355.00PAN0.12DMA0.80MeOEtOH0.08180.00902globulin15.03334PEG-4000.08230.00PVP0.08270.003:Mn;33:Mw;Table3SomeadditivesusedinpreparingMFmembranesandpropertiesofthesemembranesPolymernamewSolventnamewAdditivenamewWaterflux(Lm22MPa21min21)Maximumporesize(m)RefPES0.17DMA0.62EgOH0.21278.330.18PES0.17DMA0.43DegOH0.40428.330.1925PES0.15DMF/DMA0.12:0.46EgOH0.273000.000.41PES0.12DMF/DMA0.12:0.49PVP/EgOH0.09:0.186000.000.6235PES0.11NMP0.47PA0.429900.000.65PES0.11NMP0.29MeOEtOH0.6019500.001.3836194©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(massratioofS/H2O)Poresize(m)Porosity(%)Waterflux(Lm22MPa21min21)Ref.CA/dioxane/0.300.200.501.0044PS/DMAC/PVP0.840.100.898.004403.000.253.33EVAL/DMSO/-0.339.670.507010.33450.660.406615.00294,,,©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(50%),,,37Lai46TPX/Cyclohexane,65%,6Table6Conditionsusedforpreparingmicroporousmembranesbywater2vaporinducedphaseinversionmethodandpropertiesofthesemembranesproduced.Castingsolution(Polymer/Solvent/Additive)Water2vaporbathHumid.(%)Temp.(K)Stay2time(s)Waterbathtemp.(K)Poresize(m)Waterflux(mLm22MPa21min21)Ref.600.002930.085.00PC/DMAc/doxane100293900.0029310.82471200.002930.1712.17319-5639.17PS/DMF/PVP7529324-253298589.5048338-9000.0020.003284.326000.00PS/DMF/PVP+H2O8029332.003244.20750.0014.003212.607200.004816.003183.007200.00PS/DMF/PVP+MeOEtOH564.253182742.83PS/DMF/PEG+MeOEtOH562974.253181342.8349PS/DMF/MeOEtOH564.25318857.17PS/DMF/BuOEtO