RFID防碰撞技术

RFID，、，，RFID，、、，。，，。RFID；；RFID*，，（643000）*（No.60872030），（No.2011JQ0034），(No.2010XJKRL014)1RFID（），，，。RFID，。21，、、、。RFID2110，、、。RFID，2015120[1,2]。2005RFID2，2010181，2013RFID277，30%[1]。RFID、、RFID4[2]，。，，RFID，[3]；；，[4]。RFID，，，[5]。，，，，、。，。2RFID，RFID13820122。2.1RFID，，（passivetag，），（activetag，）；。，，，、，、[3~6]。RFID100kHz~5.8GHz[4~6]。2.2RFID，IC，。IC，，。，、[6]。，，，；，；，[4,6,7]。3RFID，；。，，，。[8~10]。，，。4，、、[4,11,12]。RFID，，。，(reader-talk-first，RTF)(tag-talk-first，TTF)，RTF，RTF，Aloha[10]。3.1Aloha3.1.1AlohaAloha，，ID，，，，，，，。Aloha，。3[5]。·。Muting，，。，。，Muting“”。·。，，。·。，“Silence”。，“ACK”，。FastModeMuting、PAwithandFastModeSlowDown。Aloha，，，。3.1.2AlohaAloha，，，。Aloha[5]。·Muting/SlowDown。Aloha，。139·EarlyEnd。，。，：，Start-of-Frame(SOF)；，End-of-Frame(EOF)。·EarlyEndandMuting。，Mute。，，EOF。·SlowDownandEarlyEnd。。，FastModeAloha，EarlyEnd，，MutingSlowDown。，Aloha，。，，，，。3.1.3FSAAloha(framedslottedAloha，FSA)Aloha，N，，，Aloha，，，Aloha，。RFIDPASA，，，。FSA，，。BFSA(basicframedslottedAloha)4：BFSA-NonMuting、BFSA-Muting、BFSA-Non-Muting-Early-End、BFSA-Muting-Early-End。BFSA，。BFSA-NonMuting，，，。α，R：R≥lg(1-a)lg(1-N×p1/n)≥≥（1），N，n，p1，p1=1-1Nkkn-1。，。，，，，“”。BFSA-Muting，，，，。BFSA-Non-Muting-Early-EndBFSA-Muting-Early-End，。，，，。3.1.4DFSAAloha(DFSA)FSA，RFID[4]。DFSA，，FSA，FSA。Aloha(c0)、(c1)(ck)。，，。DFSA。（1）Jun-BongEom[13]。：βk=Lγk-1·c1+c1（2），L。γk=1-e-1βkβk1-1+1βkkke-1βkkk（3）（2）（3）：N=γk×c1。（2）Chen-ChungLiu[14]Pigeonhole，、14020122。，，。（3）QiaolingTong[15]。E、S、C、，n。QiaolingTongt+1，t+1。Et+1(n)=nminΣ(n-s)Pt+1(n-s)nmaxnminΣPt+1(n-s)（4），Pt+1(n-s)t+1。（4）Yao-fengXue[16]FuzzyC-Means(FCM)clustering，，，。（5）Vogt[17]Vogt，VogtI[14,16]，c1+2ck；VogtII[17,18]Chebyshevεcd(N,c0,c1,ck)，：（5），、。（6）HaifengWu[18]3BayesianMean-Square、BayesianAbsolute-Error、Posterior-Probability。p(n/c)，J(n~,n)，p(n/c)cn。，J(n~,n)。，，，。[14,16]VogtI，，；[17,18]VogtII，，。3.1.5Aloha[19]RN16CRC16，，。CRC，，[20]。，，。3.23.2.101，0，，，，；，1。RFID，，，。·Request：（）。，，，，。·Select：（）。，（），。Request。·ReadData：。（，、、）。·Unselect：。，“”，，Request。，（），[4,6,12]。，Nlog2N+1，，。3.2.21byte，10byte，，。141，：(x-1)~0，(x-1)~0“1”。N~X，N~X。，，。：，（X）。Request（）N~X，。N~X，x-1。Request（）[4,6,21]。，，。3.2.3。，N，2N-1，2。：，，；，，[22,23]，，ID。3.2.4。，，，[4,24]。，。3.2.5、、，，，，；ID，，；，[25]。，，。4，，Aloha，，；，Aloha，。，，，，。1Rfidinfo.RFID120.://:,20085BurdetLA.RFIDMultipleAccessMethods.TechnicalReport,ETHZürich,20046WantR.AnintroductiontoRFIDtechnology.IEEEPervasiveComputing,2006,5(1):25~337LahiriS.RFIDSourcebook.IBMPress,USA,20068IDTechEX.ChiplessRFIDtags.:377~38011Hsin-ChinLiu.TheApproachesinSolvingPassiveRFIDTagCollisionProblems.RadioFrequencyIdentificationFundamentalsandApplications,InTech,201012FinkenzellerK.RFIDHandbook,FundamentalsandApplicationsinContactlessSmartCardsandIdentification.JohnWileyandSonsLtd,200313OkkyeongBang,SunghyunKim,HyuckjaeLee.IdentificationofRFIDtagsindynamicframedslottedAloha.Proceedingsofthe11thInternationalConferenceonAdvancedCommunicationTechnology,IEEEPressPiscataway,NJ,USA,20091422012214Jun-BongEom,Tae-JinLee.Accuratetagestimationfordynamicframed-slottedAlohainRFIDsystems.IEEECommunicationsLetters,2010,14(1)15，.RFID.,2009,35(9):272~27416Chen-ChungLiu,Yin-TsungChan.TagquantityestimationforRFIDbasedonprobability.InternationalSymposiumonComputerCommunicationControlandAutomation(3CA),2010,5(1):264~26717YanfeiLi,HongjunWang,HuaLi.ARFIDalgorithmbasedoncyclicredundancycheck.Proceedingsofthe3rdInternationalConferenceonAnti-Counterfeiting,Security,andIdentificationinCommunication,IEEEPressPiscataway,NJ,USA,200918VogtH.MultipleobjectidentificationwithpassiveRFIDtags.TheIEEEInternationalConferenceonManandCybernetics,2002:6~1319QiaolingTong,XuechengZou,HengqingTong.DynamicframedslottedAlohaalgorithmbasedonbayesianestimationinRFIDsystem.ProceedingsoftheWRIWorldCongressonComputerScienceandInformationEngineeringIEEEComputerSociety,WashingtonDC,USA,200920LeiYang,JinsongHan,YongQi,etal.RevistingtagcollisionprobleminRFIDsystems.Proceedingsofthe39thInternationalConferenceonParallelProcessing,IEEEComputerSociety,WashingtonDC,USA,201021.－（RFID）.：,200922,,..,2004,40(16)23,,..,2009,42(6)24,,..,2005,31(9)25,.RFID.,2011,37(6)26HiroshiHarada,RamjeePrasad.SimulationandSoftwareRadioforMobileCommunications.ArtechHousePublishers,HardcoverEdition,200227WangYaqi,JiangGuoping.DynamicframedslottedAlohaalgorithmusedinRFIDsystem.ComputerApplication,2007,27(11):2877~287928YaofengXue,HualiSun,ZhitingZhu.RFIDdynamicgroupinganti-collisionalgorithmbasedonFCM.InternationalJointConferenceonBioinformatics,200929HaifengWu,YuZeng.Bayesiantagestimateandoptimalframelengthforanti-collisionAlohaRFIDsystem.IEEETransactions