抽油泵设计计算说明书-(修改)

西安石油大学本科毕业设计（论文）顶部固定底部密封杆式抽油泵设计摘要：针对常规杆式泵泵体密封欠佳、支撑锁紧装置易失效、检泵周期短且检泵作业量大、适用范围有一定限制等问题,设计了顶部固定底部密封杆式抽油泵。在检泵过程中不需取出油管，作业成本低。设计中采用将支撑固定与密封分置的结构,顶部采用密封铜环、密封座、心轴、机械锁爪等构成的机械锁紧机构，弹性机械锁爪锚定在密封座上，并以密封铜环支撑。底部以由皮碗、支承皮碗座圈、支承皮碗压帽、支承皮碗接箍、密封短节等构成密封结构密封。在泵工作时通过变径接头和心轴等部件，使泵筒总成可绕顶部锁紧机构这个支点摆动，而柱塞下部的密封皮碗则对柱塞总成起到扶正、减震作用，从而延长泵使用寿命。适用于含砂井、含气井、深井、长冲程井、低产井和低液井。关键词：顶部固定；底部密封；杆式抽油泵西安石油大学本科毕业设计（论文）TopfixedbottomsealingrodpumpdesignAbstract:AsConventionalrodpumpbodysealingpoor,Supportandlockdeviceeasyfailure,Pumpoverhaulperiodisshortandlargeamountofexaminingthepumps,applicablescopehavecertainrestriction,etc.Idesignthetopfixedbottomsealingpoletypepump.Intheprocessofexaminingthepumpswedon'tneedtotakeouttubingandtheoperationcostislow.Inthedesignweusethestructureoftheseparationoffixedandseal.ThetopuseCopperringseal,sealingsocket,heartshaft,andmechanicallockclaw,etctomakeupamechanicallockingmechanism.Elasticmechanicallockclawanchorinsealseat,andwithcopperringsealsupport.InthebottomuseaSealingstructurewhichconsistsofSkinbowl,supportingskinbowlcircle,supportingskinbowlpressurecap,supportingskinbowlcouplings,sealingashortsection,etc.Inthepumpwork,throughthediameterchangesjointandshaftparts,etc.makePumpcylinderassemblycantopthelockingmechanismsthefulcrumswing,andthebottomofthepistonsealskinbowlofpistonassemblyisacentralizer,shockabsorptioneffect,therebyprolongtheservicelifeofthepump.Applytocontainerinaceouswell,includinggaswell,deepwellandlongstrokewell,stripperwellandlowliquidwell.Keywords:Topfixed，Bottomsealing，Poletypepump西安石油大学本科毕业设计（论文）I目录1绪论.......................................................................................................................11.1研究意义................................................................................................................11.1.1国外的发展现状.........................................................................................11.1.2国内的发展现状.........................................................................................21.1.3国内外发展水平分析及建议......................................................................41.2本文研究内容.........................................................................................................41.3优点.........................................................................................................................52顶部固定底部密封杆式抽油泵总体方案设计.....................................................62.1结构设计.................................................................................................................62.2工作原理.................................................................................................................63顶部固定底部密封杆式抽油泵设计.....................................................................83.1抽油泵总体尺寸计算.............................................................................................83.1.1油管直径与泵径的匹配..............................................................................83.1.2抽油杆规格与泵径的匹配..........................................................................83.1.3抽油泵最大外径..........................................................................................83.1.4抽油泵长度..................................................................................................83.2抽油泵主要零件的设计与计算.............................................................................93.2.1、古德曼图...................................................................................................93.2.2、泵筒的设计与计算.................................................................................123.2.3、柱塞的设计与计算.................................................................................233.2.4、泵阀的设计与计算.................................................................................263.2.5、阀罩的设计与计算.................................................................................334泵的排量和泵效计算...........................................................................................384.1泵的排量计算......................................................................................................384.2泵效的计算..........................................................................................................385结论.......................................................................................................................44参考文献.....................................................................................................................45致谢...........................................................................................................................46西安石油大学本科毕业设计（论文）11绪论1.1研究意义目前国内各油田的有杆采油系统中,应用管式泵占在用抽油泵总数的90%以上;而国外油田使用杆式泵约占抽油泵总数的90%,且因实现了标准化、系列化和通用化而成为成熟的技术。制约我国杆式泵发展的原因是:杆式泵结构相对复杂、设计制造相对困难,对密封及支撑部件的综合要求较高;对锚定件的结构及机械性能的研究尚未形成成熟技术;对杆式泵的作业质量要求相对较高;使用习惯性和认识上的偏差,推广普及进展较慢。随着国内大部分油田已经进入开发中后期，管式泵的诸多优点逐渐变得不再明显，而杆式泵在检泵作业中不需取出油管、成本低、作业时间短等优越性则日益突出。因此，研制适应油田开发规律，在性能、种类和实用性等方面具有更要求的杆式泵成为迫切需要。分析发现,常规杆式泵的支撑、锁紧部件在起支撑、锁紧作用的同时,还承担对泵体的密封作用,且支撑、锁紧部件与密封部件通常设计在泵体的同一侧。这种设计使常规杆式泵在具备上述优点的同时,也存在泵体密封欠佳、支撑锁紧装置易失效、检泵周期短且检泵作业量大、适用范围有一定限制等问题。因此设计了把支撑固定与密封分置的顶部固