某污水厂脱氮工艺过程物料平衡分析

AnalysisontheMaterialBalanceofNitrogenRemovalinacertainSewageTreatmentPlantADissertationSubmittedfortheDegreeofMasterCandidate：WeiZhengSupervisor：Prof.ZhangLipingChang’anUniversity,Xi’an,Chinai摘要生物脱氮技术是当前应用最广泛的污水脱氮技术，即通过硝化菌和反硝化菌来实现氮的去除。在当前城市污水脱氮除磷处理的严格要求及发展趋势情况下，基于碳氮循环和城市污水脱氮过程的途径与机制，结合具体城市污水脱氮除磷工艺及其控制条件和参数，探索研究生物处理部分各功能区域中存在的一系列反应过程以及反应程度，确定动力学模型的主要动力学参数，进而作为系统优化设计运行的重要数据，即为城市污水的高效、低耗脱氮除磷工艺应用提供参考借鉴。本文通过某市污水处理厂倒置A2/C型Carrousel氧化沟工艺的运行数据和各个工艺流程的监测数据，从各功能区域和整体上对脱氮除磷等处理过程进行碳氮物料平衡分析，并确定脱氮过程的主要动力学模型参数，主要结论如下：（1）对某污水厂生物处理部分四个功能区域进行物料平衡分析。通过碳、氮与磷物料平衡计算，得出实际运行中三者的平衡百分比分别为93.90%、85.36%与86.33%。COD的去除率为91%，去除主要发生在好氧区，在总COD去除中占47.75%;TN的去除率为67.4%，主要去除是在缺氧段约占总去除的75%，NH3-N的去除率83%，主要是在好氧区被去除，占总去除的为74.25%;释磷主要发生在厌氧区，吸磷主要发生在好氧区，且吸磷/释磷比值达到了1.20，磷的去除率为88%。（2）通过对主要生物反应池脱氮过程的实际数据分析计算，用最小二乘法确定脱氮过程——氨化、硝化、反硝化模型中动力学参数的取值。（3）分析该污水厂存在的问题并提出解决途经。关键词：脱氮工艺，Carrousel氧化沟，物料平衡iiiAbstractsBiologicalnitrogenremovaltechnologyiscurrentlythemostwidelyusedwastewaternitrogenremovaltechnology,toachievenitrogenremovalbynitrifyingbacteriaanddenitrifyingbacteria.Underthestrictrequirementsandthedevelopmenttrendofthecurrenturbanwastewaternitrogenandphosphorusremovaltreatment,basedonthewaysandmechanismsofcarbonandnitrogencyclesandurbanwastewaternitrogenremovalprocess,combinedwithspecificurbanwastewaternitrogenandphosphorusremovalprocessandcontrolconditionsandparameters,toexplorecitysewagebiologicaltreatmentthatpartofeachfunctionalareaaseriesofreactions,aswellasthedegreeofresponse,todeterminethemainpharmacokineticparametersofthekineticmodel,andthenasasystemtooptimizethedesignandoperationofthedata,thatis,highefficiency,lownitrateremovalphosphorusprocessapplicationstoprovidetechnicalsupport.AcitysewagetreatmentplantinvertedA2/Coxidationditchprocessrundataandprocessmonitoringdatafromeachfunctionalareaandtheoverallbalanceanalysisofcarbonandnitrogenmaterialssuchasnitrogenandphosphorusremovalprocess,anddynamicmodelparameterstodeterminethedenitrificationprocess,themainconclusionsareasfollows:(1)Ofthefourfunctionalareasofawastewatertreatmentplantbiologicaltreatmentpartofthematerialbalanceanalysis.Drawnthroughthecarbon,nitrogenandphosphorusmaterialbalancecalculation,theactualoperationofthebalanceofthethreepercentageswere93.90%,85.36%and86.33%.CODremovalrateof91%removaloccurredmainlyintheaerobiczone,accountingfor47.75%ofthetotalCODremoval;ofTNremovalratewas67.4%,mainlytoremoveisthetotalremovalintheanoxic75%ofNH3-Nremovalefficiencyof83%,mainlyintheaerobiczoneisremoved,thetotalremovalof74.25%;phosphorusreleaseoccursmainlyintheanaerobiczone,phosphorusabsorptionoccursmainlyintheaerobiczone,thephosphorusremovalefficiencyof88%.(2)10daysofthemainbioreactordenitrificationprocessdataanalysisandcalculation,usingtheleastsquaresmethodtodeterminethedenitrificationprocess-ammonification,nitrification,denitrificationmodelkineticparametersofvalue.(3)DuetothesewageplanteffluentammoniacannotachieveanAstandard,analyzethecausesandrecalculateandadjusttheoxidationditchaerobicsegmentandtheanaerobicvolumeratioof4:1,theSRTwas12daysand3days.Keyword：nitrogenremovalcarft，Carrouseloxidationditch,thematerialbalancev目录第一章绪论............................................................................................................................11.1课题背景及意义...........................................................................................................11.2污水生物脱氮研究现状与发展..................................................................................21.2.1污水生物脱氮原理............................................................................................21.2.2生物脱氮影响因素............................................................................................41.2.3生物脱氮技术的进展.........................................................................................61.3微生物生长动力基础................................................................................................71.3.1反应器基础......................................................................................................71.3.2酶促反应基础..................................................................................................91.3.3生物反应动力学............................................................................................111.4主要研究目的及内容..............................................................................................111.4.1主要目的........................................................................................................111.4.2研究内容........................................................................................................11第二章研究对象及方法......................................................................................................132.1研究对象..................................................................................................................132.1.1A2／C及其改进工艺....................................................................................132.2.1研究对象........................................................................................................132.2工艺参数.............