英语语法课件：现在完成时

ThePresentPerfectTense学习目标•掌握现在完成时的构成和用法.•掌握动词的过去分词的构成.一.Form:1.肯定句:S(主语)+have/has+PP(过去分词)2.否定句:S(主语)+have/has+not+PP(过去分词)3.疑问句Have/has+S(主语)+PP(过去分词)?Yes,S+have/has.No,S+have/hasn’t.说明：助动词have和has可前面的主语缩略为’ve,’s.如they’ve,we’ve,he’s,it’s;hasnot=hasn’thavenot=haven’t二、过去分词的构成1.+edwork,plant,call2.e+dlive,change,like,love,agree,savehate,move,arrive,skate,hope,use3.以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的双写＋ed.如：plan,stop,drop,fit(适合),prefer(更喜欢),travel４。以辅音字母＋y，结尾，变y为i＋edtry,study,carry,hurry,cry,worry,copy三、特征词already(肯定句)yet(否定句和疑问句)never，ever(疑问句)just(谓语动词之前)before(句末）•inthepast/lastfewyears,(过去几年来)•sofar=uptonow,tillnow,bynow•thesedays•since/eversince•for+时间段四、用法1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。Ihavealreadyseenthefilm.Jimhasjustlosthisbook.四、2.常和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用.如：for+时间段for12weeks/threeminutessince+时间点(起点)since9o'clockthismorningsince＋一段时间＋ago＝for＋时间段;sincetwoweeksago=fortwoweeks;forayear=sinceayearago;since2000=for4yearssince+从句(常用一般过去时)TheGreenshavelivedinBeijingsincetheymovedtoBeijingfromParis.•时态填空：1.----Areyousureyou_______________(lose)thebook?----Yes,I___________(look)foriteverywhere,butIstillcan’tfindit.havelosthavelooked2.We___________already___________(copy)thesewords.havecopied3.Jim_______________(just,watch)afootballmatch.Heissotiredandhungry.hasjustwatched4.___________youever_____________(travel)onatrain?Havetravelled5.---______they_______(see)thefilmyet?---Yes.They_____________(see)italready.----When______they______(see)it?----They_______(see)itjustnow.----Haveseenhaveseendidseesaw6.----________hersister____________(be)toNanning?----No,she_________(never,be)therebefore.Hasbeenhasneverbeen五。瞬间动词和延续性动词的转换•open---beopen;close---beclosed;begin---beon;finish,end---beoverbecome---be;join---beamemberof\bein…;die---bedead;getup---beup;come\arrive\reach\getto---bein/behere;catchacold---haveacold,comeback—bebacksleep/fallasleep---beasleep;buy---have;borrow---keep;leave---beaway;