深圳中考英语总复习――英语学习常见错误一览表

成功,從改變開始！深圳市宝安区新安二路宝安中学初中部路口（宝深宝大厦五楼全层）学习热线：29612320、29612380、29612390网址：［误］Thelittleboywasmaderepeatthewholestory.［正］Thelittleboywasmadetorepeatthewholestory.［误］Thefathermadehissontodohishomeworkfrommorningtillnight.［正］Thefathermadehissondohishomeworkfrommorningtillnight.［析］make的句型为makesomebodydo(doing)something.但在被动语态中原来被省去的不定式符号to要被还［误］Ialwaysdothismistake.［正］Ialwaysmakethismistake.［析］英语中do和make是十分不易弄清的两个动词，do常用于谈论工作时或某种不确定的活动时，如：doafavour(帮个忙)，doone'sbest(竭尽全力)，dogood(有益)，doharm(有害)，而多数情况下常用make,如：makeasuggestion,makeacake,makeabed(收拾床)，makeanoise,makemoney［误］Thiswinewasmadeofgrapes.［正］Thiswinewasmadefromgrapes.［析］当成品制成后，其原料的性质有所改变时应用makefrom，否则用makeof，如：Thisdoorwasmadeofiron.［误］Hardworkcanoftenmakeupalackofintelligence.［正］Hardworkcanoftenmakeupforalackofintelligence.［析］makeup是创造、编织，而makeupfor是弥补……的不足之处。上句应译为勤奋工作可以弥补天资的不足。［误］Wemadeupourmindtostudyhard.［正］Wemadeupourmindstostudyhard.［析］mind这里是可数名词，使用时要特别予以注意makeupone'smind是下定决心［误］Ourclassismadeoftwentygirlsandtwentyoneboys.［正］Ourclassismadeupoftwentygirlsandtwentyoneboys.［析］makeupof…是某物由……组成或构成many［误］Ihavemanyfriends.［正］Ihavealotoffriends.［析］many和much-Howmuchmoneyhaveyougot?-I'vegotplenty.［误］Youboughtmuchtootomatoes.［正］Youboughttoomanytomatoes.［析］toomany后接可数名词，toomuch后接不可数名词，而muchtoo后面接形容词，意为太多［误］Formanyaweeksitrainedalot.［正］Formanyaweekitrainedalot.［析］manya意为好多、许多，但其后面要加单数名词成功,從改變開始！深圳市宝安区新安二路宝安中学初中部路口（宝深宝大厦五楼全层）学习热线：29612320、29612380、29612390网址：［误］Nomatterwhatyoudid.［正］Nomatterwhatyoudid,Itrustedyou.［析］Nomatter是个词组，意为不论，它的语法功能是起连接作用，所以不能用于一个单独的句itdoesn'tmatter这个词组则不是一个连接词组，所以可以和一个单句连用，如：Itdoesn'tmaterwhatyousay.(你说什么都不要紧。)maybe［误］Maybeheisright.［正］Maybeheisright.［析］maybe是副词，不要错用为maybe.maybeperhaps这两个词的词意一样，maybe常用于非正式谈话，而perhaps则多用在正式文体中。如：Maybe/Perhapstheweatherwillgetbetter.JuliusCaesarisperhapsthegreatestofShakespeare'searlyplays.mend［误］Iwanttohavemybikemended.［正］Iwanttohavemybikerepaired.［析］mend意为缝补，如：Mymothermendedmycoat.而repair是修理mind［误］Couldyoumindtoclosethedoor?［正］Couldyoumindclosingthedoor?［误］Trytomakeupyourmindstudyinghard.［正］Trytomakeupyourmindtostudyhard.［析］mind用作动词时，其后加动名词；而用作名词意为下定决心时，其后要加不定式。DoyoumindifIsmoke?的答语：如果你不介意，应回答No,goahead.如果你不想让对方吸烟，则应讲Yes,pleasedon't.miss［误］Ifoundmybagmissed.［正］Ifoundmybagmissing.［析］missing为形容词，其意为不见了、丢了。在句中用作宾语补足语时不要误用missed，它作动词时多为及物动词，要接名词或动名词，而不接不定式。如：Imissedthefirsttrain,Idon'twanttomissseeingthefamousfootballplayer.不见了时有missing,gone,lost等，如：Ifoundmybagmissing(gone,lost).mistake［误］Itookyourpenbywrong.［正］Itookyourpenbymistake.［析］bymistake是错拿了、误拿了你的东西。wrong意为错误，而bymistake为弄混了［误］IfI'mnotwrong,youareMrBrown.［正］IfI'mnotmistaken,youareMrBrown.(如果我没弄错的话，您是Brown先生。)［误］Theteachersalwaysmistookmeasmybrother.［正］Theteachersalwaysmistookmeformybrother.［析］mistake…for…是错把……当作……之意，如：Itookyourbookformine.more［误］Thisbookismorebetterthanthatone.［正］Thisbookismuchbetterthanthatone.［析］不能用比较级来修饰比较级，而应用much,rather［误］Moreyouread,moreyoulearn.成功,從改變開始！深圳市宝安区新安二路宝安中学初中部路口（宝深宝大厦五楼全层）学习热线：29612320、29612380、29612390网址：［正］Themoreyouread,themoreyoulearn.［析］在越……越……的表达法中，形容词的比较级前要加定冠词。请注意morethanone这个词组的后面要跟单数名词和单数谓语动词。如：Morethanonestudentisgoingtodoparttimejobafterschool.nomorethannotmorethannomorethan应译为只不过、才，如：Hewrotenomorethanthreebooks.即他真正写了三本书。而notmorethan则意为不会多于，如：Hewrotenotmorethanthreebooks.即他写的书不会多于三本。又如：Heisnoshorterthanyou.应译为你和他都不矮，而Heisnotshorterthanyou.才应译为他比你高。most［误］MostofstudentsaregoodatEnglish.［正］MostofthestudentsaregoodatEnglish.［正］MoststudentsaregoodatEnglish.［析］mostof这一结构后面的名词前一定要有［误］Myfriendsaremostteachers.［正］Myfriendsaremostlyteachers.［析］mostly意为大部分的，主要的much［误］Theboywasasleepverymuch.［正］Theboywasfastasleep.［析］不是所有的形容词都可以用very来修饰，如fastasleep意为熟睡，则是固定搭配。像interesting,exciting,surprising这些形容词化的现在分词，以及tired,interested这些形容词化的过去分词则要用verymust［误］Hemustbeintheoffice,andmustn'tgohome.［正］Hemustbeintheoffice,andcan'tgohome.［析］must加动词原形为对事情的肯定推测，而否定的推测则要用can't［误］Itmusthaverainednow.［正］Itmusthaverainedyesterday.［析］must+have+过去分词为对过去发生事情的推测。这句话应译为昨天一定是下雨了。又如：Imustgoandcallhim.Hemusthaveforgottenit.musthavetomust用来表示说话者觉得某件事有必要去做，如Imuststopsmoking.其意为：我自己认为我要戒烟；而haveto则多用来表达由于来自外界的因素而不得不去做的事，如：Ihavetogotoschooltomorrow.must无过去式，当用在讲过去某件必须要做的事时要用hadto,如：WhenIwasyoung,Ihadtogotothefactory.mustn't意为：一定不要做某事，如：Youmustn'ttellthistoTom.而haven'tto则多意为没有必要去做，如：Youdon'thavetotellthistoTom.而英语中多用needn't来取代haven'tto.myself［误］Ican'tplaypingpongmyself.［正］Ican'tplaypingpongbymyself.［析］第一句并无语法错误，myself为我亲自要去，而bymyself为独自一人。这句话要表达的意思是我一个人无法打乒乓球。而Iwanttoplaypingpongmyself.应译为我自己想去打乒乓球。name成功,從改變開始！深圳市宝安区新安二路宝安中学初中部路口（宝深宝大厦五楼全层）学习热线：29612320、29612380、29612390网址：［误］Shewasnamedofaflower.［正］Shewasnamedafteraflower.［析］以……命名应为nameafter，又如给某人取名应为ThefathernamedhissonTom.near［误］Wecameneartohithim.［正］Wecameneartohittinghim.［析］这句话应译为我们几乎要打他一顿。nearto这一用法中to为介词，其后要接宾语，所以要接名词或动名词。near作介词时其后可加to也可不加to，如：Isitnearthedoor,Isitneartothefire.bynearWelivednearthecity.与Welivedbythecity.两句话都是对的，但其表达的意义有所不同，by在表达距离时比near更近，所以bythecityneed［误］Thisroomneedstoclean.［正］Thisroomneedsto