药学英语模拟试卷2

1福建医科大学药学院2006级临床药学本科《药学英语》试卷考试日期：2008年12月19日组别学号姓名题号一二三四五总分得分阅卷签名复核签名负责人签名日期得分签名一.将下列单词译成中文（每题0.5分，共10分）1.anesthetic2.routeofadministration3.parenteral4.capsule5.injection6.aerosol7.pharmacodynamics8.pharmacological9.coadministration10.biotransformation11.disintegrationtest12.ChP13.simulatedgastricjuice14.labelledamount15.qualitycontrol16.foregoing217.fermentation18.corroboration19.interplay20.hydrolysis得分签名二、将下列词译成英文(每题0.5分，共10分)1.散瞳药2.晕动病3.镇痛药4.抗生素5.栓剂6.软膏剂7.新陈代谢8.受体9.给药途径10.消除11.副作用12.生物利用度13.解毒剂14.鉴定15.专属性，特异性16.精密度17.准确性18.稳定性19.利用20.效力，效价3得分签名三、判断题（TrueorFalse）(每题1分，共10分)1.Ordinaryfirecanalsobethoughtofasachemicalreactioninwhichthefuelandtheoxygenintheairreacttoformtheproductsofcombustion.【】2.NitrousoxidewassoonputintogeneraluseinsurgicaloperationsafteritsdiscoverybyHumphryDavy.【】3.Chemistryplayssuchanimportantpartinthelifeofmodernmanthatnoonecanwellunderstandtheworldinwhichheliveswithouttheproperknowledgeofchemistry.【】4.Theintroductorychemistrycourseshouldbeginataveryelementarylevelasmoststudentshavehadalmostnopreparationatallinchemistry.【】5.Theappropriateexperimentsdevisedandperformedbeforetheconstructionofthemodelareessentialtothesuccessofthewholeprocessofmodelbuilding.【】6.Asafirststep,collegestudentsinintroductorychemistrycoursesshouldbereadytoacceptaconcept,thentheymustunderstanditinphysicalterms.【】7.Peoplehavebeenduplicatingsomeofthenaturalchemicalsorsometimesproducingcompletelynewonessincethedawnofhumanhistory.【】8.Weshouldnotequateanaturallyderivedchemicalwithitssyntheticcounterpartsincetheimpuritiespresentinanaturalproductareboundtobedifferentfromthoseinitssyntheticcounterpart.【】9.Activeingredientsusedinfoods,drugs,andcosmeticsmaycausephysiologicalchangesinoronthebodywhentakeninternallyorappliedexternally,whileinactiveingredientsonlyfunctiontofacilitatetheultimateintakeorutilizationoftheactiveingredients.【】10.Foodadditives,mostofwhicharenaturalproducts,areaddedtofoodseitherdirectlyorindirectlyforthepurposesofimprovingnutritionalvalue,enhancingquality,reducingwastage,etc.【】4得分签名四、将下列句子译成英文（Translation）(每题2分，共10分)1.毫无疑问，植物王国仍然拥有许多种具有医药价值的植物，这仍有待于人们的发现。2.原始人类依靠大自然所提供的植物和草药来预防疾病，保持健康与活力。3.科学事实就是对大自然观察的结果，通常可以任意重复。4.要编撰一套既适合于基础差的学生，又可满足程度好的学生的化学教程并非易事。5.一种元素或化合物与其他东西相结合或起反应的方式就是该元素或化合物的化学性质。5得分签名五、将下列段落译成中文(共60分)1.Theprimarytherapeuticobjectsshouldbetopreventandtocurediseases.Ifthesegoalsarenotachievable,thesecondarytherapeuticobjectsshouldbetomitigateandtomodifybydrugstheprogressive,devastatingordisablingnatureofdiseases.Theamountofdrugordrugstobegivenandthedurationoftherapytobeinstituteddependonthenatureofthediseasetobetreated.Forexample,anuncomplicatedurinarytractinfectionmaybecuredwith10days'treatmentwithasulfonamide,whereasapatientwithgrandmalepilepsymayhavetotreatedforlifewithphenytoinorphenobarbitalorboth.2.Eachparticularpharmaceuticalproductisaformulationuniqueuntoitself.Inadditiontotheactivetherapeuticingredients,apharmaceuticalformulationcontainsanumberofnon-therapeuticorpharmaceuticalingredients.Itisthroughtheirusethataformulationachievesitsuniquecompositionandcharacteristicphysicalappearance.Pharmaceuticalingredientsincludesuchmaterialasfillers,thickeners,6solvents,suspendingagents,tabletcoatingsanddisintegrants,penetrationenhancers,stabilizingagents,antimicrobialpreservatives,flavors,colorants,colorantsandsweeteners.3.PartlyspurredbyFDArequirements,pharmaceuticalresearchhasbecomeincreasinglyinterestedinwhathappenstodrugsaftertheiradministration.Insomecasesthemetabolicproductsofthedrugformedinvivoarebiologicallyactive,givingnewcluestothechemistforfurtherstructuralmodifications.Someresearcheffortsareunderwaytodesignprodrugs,whichdonotbecometherapeuticallyactiveuntilmodifiedbyaknownmetabolicsystemoftherecipient.Possibleadvantagesofthisapproachincludereductionofgeneralcytotoxity,betterinternalcontrolofactivedrug,orlongerdurationofaction.74.Inspiteofthefactthatplantshavebeenusedfortherapeuticpurposesformillennia,onlyarelativelyfewplantsorplantderivativesarecurrentlyofficiallyrecognizedintheUnitedStatesaseffectivedrugs.Thisislargelyduetothedifficultiesencounteredinplantdrugresearchandthelimitationsofscientificmethodologyemployed.Quiteoften,prematurepublicityonunconfirmedresearchdatahastaintedthereputationofmanybotanicaldrugs.Sincemanydrugplantshaverathercomplicatedchemicalcompositionsandanalyticaltechnologyhasnotbeenadequateindeterminingtheiridentitiesandqualitiesonceextractsaremadefromthem,adulteration,sophistication,orsubstitutionhasbeencommons.85.Whenanantibioticmustbeused,thebestwaytopreventthedevelopmentofresistanceistowipeouttheinfectionasrapidlyandthoroughlyaspossible.Ideally,thisrequiresabactericidaldrug,whichdestroys,ratherthanabacteriostaticdrug,whichinhibits.Andthedrugmustbetakeninadequatedosageforaslongasisnecessarytoeradicatetheinfectioncompletely.Thedoctor,ofcourse,mustchoosethedrug,butpatientscanhelpbybeingsuretotakethefullcourseoftreatmentrecommendedbythedoctor,eventhoughsymptomsseemtodisappearbeforeallthepillsaregone.Inrareinstancestheemergenceofresistancecanbedelayedorredu