药学英语-标准试卷8-单项选择第6题没答案

试卷（A）共（6）页第（1）页一、翻译(共20分,每题1分)。1Octane2Sodium3Hydrogen4Glutamicacid5Lysine6Acetone7Ethylacetate8Sodiumhydroxide9Sodiumbicarbonate10Benzene11丙烷12丁醇13腺嘌呤14胞嘧啶15溴16碘17精氨酸18脯氨酸19酰胺20CaCO3答案：1辛烷2钠3氢4谷氨酸5赖氨酸6酮7酯8氢氧化钠9碳酸氢钠10苯11Propane12Butanol13Adenine14Cytosine15Bromine16Iodine17Arginine18Proline19Amide20Calciumcarbonate二、写出下列缩写的英文全称并翻译(共10分,每题2分)。1CGMP:2COS(CEP):3SFDA:4WHO:5EU:答案：1CurrentGoodManufacturingPractice现行药品生产和质量管理规范试卷（A）共（6）页第（2）页2CertificateofSuitabilitytoMonographsoftheEuropeanPharmacopoeia欧洲药典适用性证书3StateFoodandDrugAdministration（中国）食品药品监督管理局4WorldHealthOrganization世界卫生组织5EuropeanUnion欧洲联盟三、判断（共16分,每题2分），并用×√表示。1（）Thedisciplineofanalyticalchemistryconsistsofselectiveanalysisandspecificanalysis.2（）Thepresenttrendismassscreeningofhugelibrariescontainingseveralthousandmolecules.ThiswasmadepossiblebytheassociationofcombinationalchemistrywithHTS.3（）modificationandimprovementofexistingactivemoleculesisatypeofsearchfornewleadcompound.4（）Theoxygentransportingcapacityofthehemoglobinmolecule,forexample,isabsolutelydependentonfourironionsthatmakeuponly3%ofitsmass.5（）Ifalongdurationofactionisdesirable,onemayadministeradrugcontinuouslyoradministeradruginalong-actingform.6（）Lowconcentrationsofsurfactantshigherthesurfacetensionanddecreasetherateofdrugdissolution.7（）Inidentifyingaplantconstituent,onceithasbeenisolatedandpurified,itisnecessaryfirsttodeterminetheclassofcompoundandthentofindoutwhichparticularsubstanceitiswithinthatclass.8（）Analyticalchemistsworktoimprovethereliabilityofexistingtechniquestomeetthedemandsforbetterchemicalmeasurementswhichariseconstantlyinoursociety.试卷（A）共（6）页第（3）页答案:1×2√3√4×5√6×7√8√四、单选题（共14分,每题2分）。1AnalyticalchemistryprovidesthemethodsandCneededforinsightintoourmaterialworldAimprovementsBarrangementsCtoolsDchoices2Thepresenttrendismassscreeningofhugelibrariescontainingseveralthousandmolecules.ThiswasmadepossiblebytheassociationofCwithHTS.AphytochemistryBbiochemistryCcombinationalchemistryDmedicinalchemistry3AandketoneshavecarbonylgroupsAaldehydesBcarboxylicCalcoholsDamines4Ifalongdurationofactionisdesirable,onemayadministeradrugcontinuouslyAadministeradruginalong-actingform.AorBandCbesidesDbetween5ThedissolveddruginAdiffusestothebulkofthesolventfromregionsofhighdrugconcentrationtoregionsoflowdrugconcentration.AthesaturatedsolutionBtheunsaturatedsolutionCtheaqueoussolutionDthesaltsolution6InUVonlytracesofthematerialarerequired,sincethestandardspectrophotometriccellonlyhold?ofsolutionand,usingspecialcells,onlyonetenthofthisvolumeneedbeavailableforspectrophotometry.A2mLB4mLC5mLD3mL7Danalysisdealswiththeidentificationofelements,ions,orcompoundspresentinasample(wemaybeinterestedinwhetheronlyagivensubstanceispresent)AQuantitativeBSelectiveCSpecificDQualitative试卷（A）共（6）页第（4）页答案:1C2C3A4A5A6?7D五、英译汉（共25分,每题5分）。1Thetraceelementsrepresentaminisculefractionoftheweightofthehumanbody,butallessentialtolife,usuallybecausetheyareessentialtothefunctionofspecificproteins,includingenzymes.答案:微量元素的代表了人体重量的微乎其微的部分，但对生命很重要，通常是因为它们是必不可少的特殊蛋白质，包括酶的功能。2Inordertodesignadrugproductthatdelivertheactivedruginthemostbioavailableform,thepharmacistmustconsider(1)thetypeofdrugproduct(e.g.solution,suspension,suppository);(2)thenatureoftheexcipientsinthedrugproducts;(3)thephysicochemicalpropertiesofthedrugmolecule.答案:为了设计一种使活性药物最有效的药物产品，药剂师必须考虑到1药品的剂型（例如，溶液剂、悬浮剂、栓剂）2药品中辅料的性质3药物分子的物理化学性质。3Dragdesignaimstoimprovethedesirableeffectsoftheleadcompoundandtoremovetheundesirableeffects.答案:药物设计旨在提高先导化合物的可取作用，去除先导化合物的副作用。4Researchprogramsbasedontheexploitationofclinicalobservationsofsideeffectsareofgreatinterestinthediscoveryofnewtracksinastheyarebasedoninformationaboutactivitiesobserveddirectlyinmanandnotinanimals.答案:由于这些信息是直接通过观察临床患者得来的，而不是来自动物实验的信息，因而，对药物副作用的临床观察是药物新的活性研究的有效方式。5Bybeingcognizantofthesepharmacologicprinciples,andbyremainingvigilanttocountlessinteractionbetweendrugandailingbody,onecansubstantiallyreducethesideeffectsofnumerousdrugs.试卷（A）共（6）页第（5）页答案:只要充分认识并运用这些药理学原理，并对药物和人体之间无数相互作用保持高度警惕，我们就能大大减少许多药物的副作用。六、问答题（共15分,每题5分）。1WhatisPharmacokineticinmedicine?答案:Pharmacokineticprinciples,whichdealwiththefateofdrugs,discusstheabsorption,binding,biotransformationandexcretionofdrugsandtheirmetabolitesinthebody.2Whatistheselectivereactionortest?答案:Aselectivereactionortestisonethatcanoccurwithothersubstancesbutexhibitsadegreeofpreferenceforthesubstanceofinterest.3whatdistinctionshouldbemadebetweenthetermsselectiveandspecific?答案:Aselectivereactionortestisonethatcanoccurwithothersubstancesbutexhibitsadegreeofpreferenceforthesubstanceofinterest.Aspecificreactionortestisonethatoccuronlywiththesubstanceofinterest.