英语名词复数变化规则

英语名词单数变复数主要有以下规则：一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式，是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。读音变化：结尾是清辅音读[s]，结尾是浊辅音或元音读[z]。例：friend→friends;cat→cats;style→styles;sport→sports;piece→pieces二、凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词，在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。读音变化：统一加读[iz]。例：bus→buses;quiz→quizzes;fox→foxes;match→matches;flash→flashesbox→boxes;watch→watches;actress→actresses;class→classes;coach（长途车）→coaches;dress→dresses;sandwich→sandwiches;toothbrush→toothbrushes;waitress（女侍者）→waitresses三、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，将y改变为i，再加-es。读音变化：加读[z]。例：candy→candies;fairy→fairies;lady→ladies;story→storiesstrawberry→strawberries;baby→babies;puppy→puppies;library→libraries;dictionary→dictionaries;cherry→cherries;activity→activities四、以-o结尾的名词，如果不是外来词或缩写，就加-es，否则加-s构成复数。（有生命的加es，无生命的加s）读音变化：加读[z]。例：tomato→tomatoes;potato→potatoes;bingo（彩票式游戏）→bingoes反例：piano→pianos（外来词）;photo→photos;五、以-f或-fe结尾的名词，多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves，但有例外。读音变化：尾音[f]改读[vz]。例：knife→knives;life→lives;leaf→leaves;staff(员工)→staves;scarf（围巾）→scarves目前搜集的直接加s：roof-roofs,belief-beliefs,safe-safes,chief（负责人）-chiefs这几个可变可不变：scarf-scarfs，六、以-us结尾的名词（多为外来词），通常将-us改变为-i构成复数。读音变化：尾音[Es]改读[ai]，其中[kEs]要改读为[sai]，[gEs]要改读为[dVai]。例：abacus（算盘）→abaci;focus（焦点）→foci;cactus（仙人掌）→cacti;七、部分单词的复数形式不变。读音变化：保持原音。例：fish→fish;sheep→sheep;cattle→cattle;deer→deer;八、极少数单词，其复数形式没有任何规律。读音变化：没有规律。例：man→men;woman→women;child→children;person→people;ox→oxenfoot→feet;goose→geese;mouse→mice;tooth→teeth;九、若表达具体数目，要借助数量词例：pair(对，双);suit(套);apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousers十、另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，例：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼十一、一些单数词得加en才能变成复数词：例：ox→oxen;child→children;brother（用于教堂）→brethren十二、一些单数词得改头换面一番,才能变成复数词例：analysis→analyses分析;basis→bases基础;datum→data数据;foot→feet;goose→geese;louse虱子→lice;man→menmouse→mice;medium→media/mediums媒介;tooth→teeth;woman→women英语专项测试名词复数（总分100分）一、请写出下列词的复数形式。(1’*50=50’)city______zoo______country_____tooth____mouse__boy____________broom___________car____tree______horse______bus______________fox_____branch____baby_____family_____dish_____radio_____photo_____piano_____knife_____leaf_____life_____thief______man_____woman_____child___footthis_____________watch___________diary____________day____________book____________dress____________sheep___________tea_____________box___________strawberry_________peach__________sandwich__________paper_________juice__________water____________milk___________rice__________peopleCDox___________deer____________fish___________二、单项选择(1’*10=10’)()1.The__inouryardareverybeautiful.A.clothB.waterC.flowers()2.TomisoneoftheChinese_____inourschool.A.boyB.boysC.boies()3.Acathasfour____,doesn'tit?A.footsB.feetC.feets()4.Therearethree____andfive_____intheroom.A.American,JapaneseBAmericans,JapaneseC.American,Japanese()5.Canyouseenine____inthepicture?A.fishB.bookC.horse()6.The_____hastwo______.A.boy;watchB.boy;watchesC.boys;watch()7.The_____areflyingbacktotheircountry.A.GermanyB.GermanysC.Germans()8.Thegirlbrushesher_____everydaybeforeshegoestobed.A.toothsB.teethC.teeths()9.Isawmany_____inthestreet.A.peoplesB.peopleC.people’s()10.Thegreensweaterishis_________.A.brotherB.brothersC.brother’s三、选择填空(1’*10=10’)()1.Theycomefromdifferent______A.countryB.countriesC.acountryD.countrys()2.Howmany______doyouseeinthepicture?A.tomatosB.tomatoesC.tomatoD.thetomato()3.Theyare______.A.womanteachersB.womenteachersC.womenteacherD.womanteacher()4.Wouldyoulike_______,please?A.twoglassofwaterB.twoglassesofwaterC.twoglassofwatersD.twoglassesofwaters()5.Mostof______livein_______.A.Germans,GermanB.German,GermenC.Germen,GermanyD.Germans,Germany()6.Therearesome______inthese_______.A.knifespencil-boxesB.knivespencils-boxC.knivespencil-boxD.knivespencils-boxes()7.______like______byair.A.Greens,travellingB.TheGreen,travelingC.TheGreens,travelD.TheGreens,traveling()8.Iwonderwhy______areinterestedinactionfilms(武打片).A.thepeopleB.peopleC.peoplesD.thepeoples()9.Thereisno______intheplate.A.applesB.orangesC.riceD.eggs()10.Myunclehasthree_______.A.childB.childsC.childrenD.childrens四.填入所给名词的正确形式(2’*10=20’)1.Ihavetwo____________(knife)2.Therearemany___________here.(box)3.Therearemany___________ontheroad.(bus)4.Afew___________aredrawingonthewall.(boy)5.The______________areplayingfootballnow.(child)6.Pleasetaketwo_______________forme.(photo)7.Ilikethered________________.(tomato)8.Wouldyoupleasecleanyour_____________now?(tooth)9.Doyouwantsome_________?(milk)10.Thereareten___________________inourschool.(womanteacher)答案：一、请写出下列词的复数形式。(1’*50=50’)citieszooscountriesteethmiceboysbroomscarstreeshorsesbusesfoxesbranchesbabiesfamiliesdishesradiosphotospianosknivesleaveslivesthievesmenwomenchildrenfeetthesewatchesdiariesdaysbooksdressessheepteasboxesstrawberriespeachessandwichespapersjuicewatermilkricepeopleCDsoxendeerfish二、单项选择(1’*10=10’)1.C2.B3.B4.B5.A6.B7.C8.B9.B10.C三、选择填空(1’*10=10’)1.B2.B3.B4.B5.D6.D7.D8.B9.C10.C四.填入所给名词的正确形式(2’*10=20’)1.knives2.boxes3.buses4.boys5.children6.photos7.tomatoes8.teeth9.milk10.womenteachers