中考语法专项复习之名词

GrammarRevision名词(Nouns)英语专项复习学习目标1、知道名词的分类2、掌握可数名词的复数（规则变化和不规则变化）3、掌握不可数名词数量的表达法4、了解名词所有格的用法（双重所有格和名词复数所有格）5、注意名词作定语的用法名词分类1.Beijing,China,Bob,theGreatWall2.1)egg,box,factory,leaf,potato2)family,class,police,people3)food,fruit,bread,salt4)love,advice,work,news专有名词个体名词集合名词物质名词抽象名词可数名词不可数名词可数名词的复数②以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的名词,变y为i再加-es注意：以“元音字母＋y”结尾的名词，直接加-s。③以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加-es④以o结尾的名词可能加-s，也可能加-es。⑤以f或fe结尾的名词，通常先变f或fe为v再加-es①一般名词直接加-s注意：以th结尾的名词加-s1.boy__________2.hobby________3.mouth________4.match________5.leaf________6.scarf_________7.photo_______8.potato________boyshobbiesmouthsmatchesleavesscarfs/scarvesphotospotatoes1.规则变化2．不规则变化1.child________2.tooth________3.foot_______4.mouse________5.sheep________6.deer________childrenteethfeetmicesheepdeer表示“某国人”的名词1.Chinese___________2.Japanese___________3.Englishman___________4.Frenchman__________5.American___________6.German____________ChineseJapaneseEnglishmenFrenchmenAmericansGermans常常以复数形式出现的名词有：trousers,pants,shorts,socks,glasses(眼镜),clothes,chopsticksapairoftrouserstwopairsofsockseg.1)Thispairofshoes______(be)cheap.Theshoes________cheap.2)Thiskindofpants________(sell)well.Thepants_________well.isaresellssell集合名词1)police,people,staff（职员）2)class,familyeg.1)Thepolice________comingsoon.2)Peoplethere________quitefriendly.3)Allthestaff________havingameeting.4)Ourfamily_________fivepeople.5)Myfamily_________havingdinner.6)Theirclass________30students.7)Theirclass________cleaningthepark.arearearehasarehasare注意(1)有些名词的单复数形式的意义不同。如：twofish两条鱼twofishes两种鱼类somepeople一些人somepeoples一些民族(2)有些名词形式上是复数，但意义上是单数，一般看作单数名词。如：news,maths,physics,politics等。不可数名词的量的表示法有两种：1.用much,alittle,little,alotof,some,any等表示多少。如:somemilk、alotofmoney2.用”数词+量词+of+不可数名词”来表示多少。如:apieceofnews,sixbagsofrice,twocupsoftea注意：不可数名词的数量表示①一杯牛奶_________________________三杯水______________________②许多新闻_________________________大量的食物______________________不可数名词acupofmilkthreeglassesofwateralotofnewsplentyoffoodExercises：1.Wenowdon’twriteletterson______.Wesende-mails.A.papersB.computerC.paperD.thecomputer2.What_______newsitis!A.agoodB.goodC.afewgoodD.manygood❀❀名词所有格1．有生命的名词的所有格莉莉的爸爸__________________儿童节__________________露西和莉莉的房间________________露西的房间和莉莉的房间_________________________________Lily’sfatherChildren’sDayLucyandLily’sroomLucy’sandLily’sroomsatMr.White's在怀特先生家atmyuncle’s在我叔叔家atthedoctor’s在医生的诊所sevendays'holiday＝aseven-dayholiday一个七天的假期特别关注•名词后加“’s”不一定都是所有格，要特别注意理解和判断！如：•Kate'sagoodgirl．•Let’sgo!•Kate’sbeentoEurope2.无生命的名词所有格1.我们学校的名字2.音乐之声thenameofourschoolthesoundofmusic3.双重所有格：1.我叔叔的一位朋友afriendofmyuncle’s2.我的一本英语书anEnglishbookofmine不用名词所有格表示，而是借助介词。2)去学校的路________________3)回家的路________________4)这个问题的答案___________________________1)门的钥匙_________________thekeystothedoorthewaytoschoolthewayhometheanswertothequestion名词修饰名词1)一棵苹果树两棵苹果树2)一个男老师两个男老师一个女医生两个女医生3)一场运动会一双运动袜两双运动鞋4)一个8岁的男孩一个两个月的假期anappletreetwoappletreesamanteachertwomenteachersawomandoctortwowomendoctorsasportsmeetingapairofsportssockstwopairsofsportsshoesan8-year-oldboyatwo-monthholiday中考真题考点训练1．—Wherearethe________？—Theyareplaying________basketballontheplayground.A．manteachers;theB．menteachers;theC．manteachers;/D．menteachers;/【答案】D2．—Oh,myGod!Wehavemissedthelastbus.Whatshallwedo?—I'mafraidwehaveno________buttotakeataxi.A．choiceB．decisionC．reasonD．idea【答案】A3．—Whosecomputerdoesn'twork?—________，Ithink.A．JohnhasB．JohndoesC．JohnD．John's【答案】D4．—Whyareyoustillwaitinginline?—I'vemissedmy________.A．placeB．orderC．turnD．time【答案】C5．Afterwalkingformorethanhalfanhour,wedecidedtotake________rest.A．afewminute'sB．afewminutes‘C．alittleminute'sD．alittleminutes'【答案】BSumup:1.名词复数的规则变化(5种）2.不可数名词的量的表示法(2种）3.名词所有格(3种)4.名词作定语Thankyouforyourlistening!Bye-bye!