如何设计出色的图表

ryodesHowToMakeDiagramsAwesomeFoursliMeEnriqueGarcíaCotaIdosoftwareatSplendeootikik©flickr/photos/mrimperial/121370739/Disclaimer●●●●I'mnotadesigner.I'vejustdonelotsofdiagramsinpresentations.Theseguidelinesworkforme.“Right”and“Wrong”areusedinthatcontext.Don'ttakethempersonally.©flickr/photos/twinysam/4988273864/1.LinesBuyaoNeveruse0ptlinewidthWrongRightVisiblefromthefarendoftheroom不要用很细的线，这样比较远的地方也能看到HaveconsistentlinewidthWrong0.10''0.06''Maybetwoverydifferentwidths;notmore0.06''Right0.06''0.32''0.32''不同形状的图表线条可以用不同的宽度进行对比他UseonlyonelineendingWrongRightPeopleatthefarendwon'tseethedifference图中的箭头应保持一致，太远的地方是看不出这些差别的Useonedashedstyle用同一种风格的虚线WrongRightGuessArrowsinsteadoflines用面代替线vs.When?SeeexampleonnextslideUseconnectors,notstraightlines使用转接线而不是简单的直线WithlinesWithconnectorsShapesinsteadoflines(sometimes)形状连接取代线连接（有时候）Phase1Phase1Phase2vs.Phase2Phase3Phase3TheylookbetteronsimpleworkflowsColorsinsteadofoutlines(sometimes)同一颜色取代不同颜色的轮廓线（有时）vs.Usefultoreducethenumberofcolors©flickr/photos/alessandropinna/1423128740/2.ShapesUseagrid使用参考线/网格线WrongRightAlignwhenpossible对齐WrongRightSizemeansImportance越重要则形状越突出（越大）WrongRightNotImportantNotImportantVeryImportantVeryImportantSizemeansHierarchy形状不同层级也不同WrongRightEyesNoseMouthFaceFaceEyesNoseMouthSizemeansRelativeSize体积的区别可以大小的区别形象的体现WrongRightElephantDuckElephantDuckSizedoesn'tmean“longname”这个。。自己体会WrongAAB**LongNameALongNameRightLongNameA...LongNameDifferentShape=DifferentType不同形状代表不同的类型OK?YesNoYesNoBetter?Maximumnumbertypes:4一张幻灯片最多4种不同形状Ifyouneedmore,useimages尽量多使用图OKABCBetterWarning!FindingappropriateimagestakestimeTransparencies,Shadows&Gradients阴影和渐变慎用，因为要做好需要花很多时间，而且很多投影仪未必能放出这种效果Don'tTheytakealotoftimetogetright,andmostprojectorswon'tshowthemanyway©flickr/photos/24241587N05/5184820807/3.NestingOnenestinglevelperslide一张幻灯片尽量使用一个图形等级感觉翻译不是很准。。。WrongUniqueslideRightSlide1OnenestinglevelperslideRightSlide2OnenestinglevelperslideRightSlide3OnenestinglevelperslideRightSlide4?Isthislevelreallyneeded?OnenestinglevelperslideYes,itwill.Butlessthannestedshapes.But,won'taddingslidesincreasethepresentationcomplexity?Complexity→Nesting→Slides→1slide/1nestinglevelIfyouneedeverythinginoneplace如果你要把所有东西都放在一个地方，那你需要的可能不是一个演示工具尝试用别的YouarenotmakingapresentationConsiderotherformats©flickr/photos/yetti/8743214/4.ColorColorcountFill+Text+Lines–Background填充+文本+轮廓线-背景HiBye!Fill=Green+Red=2Text=White=1Lines=Black=1Background=White=-12+1+1–1=3Colorcountshouldbe3填充+文本+轮廓线-背景总颜色不超过3Themagicofcombinatory这里只用了3个颜色，却做出很多组合I'mstillcanonlybutmakeusingheremanythreecolorscombi-nationsWhenindoubt,usePrimarycolors如果不确定，可以优先考虑下面几种颜色Red#c5000bYellow#ffd320Green#008000Blue#0084d1InLibreOffice:Chart11,Chart3,Green,Chart12TheseareawesomefordiagramsColorisgreatforStressorStatus用颜色区别不同WrongRightOKAlertOKOKOKAlertAlertOKOKAlertOKOKOKAlertOKOKOKAlertColorisnotgreatforlines线最好不用颜色WrongRightMoreeasilyseenfromfarawayUsebrightbackgroundcolors使用明亮的背景色，有些投影机对深色背景的效果不好Someprojectorsdon'thandledarkslideswellWrongRightDon'tusepalecolorsinforeground前景色的灰度大于20%WrongGray10%RightGray20%Toprojectors,anypalecolor=whitePrinting:BlackandWhite考虑打印效果，有些颜色打出来是差不多的OKAlertOKOKOKAlertAlertOKOKOKAlertOKOKOKAlertAlertOKOKBlackandWhite=informationlossPrinting:GracefulDegradationAlertOKOKOKAlertOKOKOKAlertAlertOKOKOKAlertOKOKOKAlertUsecontrastandborderstocompensate©flickr/photos/rahulchhiber/5177233766/5.extFirstandforemost:你是个验光师吗Areyouanoptometrist?©flickr/photos/sveinhal/2182773789/Thendon'tmakeusfeellikethis.Smallestfontsize:最小字号，要下面那么大（不太苟同，领导ppt你伤不起啊伤不起）Otherwiseit'simpossiblydifficulttoreadfromfarawayOnlyonefont用同种字体WrongaaaaRightaaaaException:Typographicdiagrams排版NiceYuckBiggershapeBiggerorequaltext面积越大相应的文本一般来说也越大AWrongLettersALettersRightOtherwisetextsizecontradictsshapesizeItalics:Don'tbother不太明白，可能是说么必要用斜体WrongaRightaNoonewillnoticethedifferenceBold:Don'tmixit不同的字体不放一起aWrongaaaaaRightAgain,thedifferenceishardtonoticedownaandwith©flickr/photos/cobalt/1156232979/oftenhardtored,aespeciallywhensidupeUsehorizontaltextObliquetextissmallfont.©EnriqueGarcíaCotaThatwasit!MakeNowGoDiagrams!AndSomeAwesomeNowMakeSomeGoAwesomeDiagrams!©EnriqueGarcíaCotaThankyou!谢谢观赏WPSOfficeMakePresentationmuchmorefunWPS官方微博kingsoftwps