O.Henry-欧亨利解读

O.HenryPenname:O.HenryAnotherpenname:OlivierHenryHisprimitivename:WilliamsSydneyPorter原名：威廉姆斯·西德尼·波特O.Henry(1862-1910)HewasaprolificAmericanshort-storywriter,amasterofsurpriseendings,whowroteaboutthelifeofordinarypeopleinNewYorkCity.Henrywasknownasagoodend,itwascalled“O•Henry-end”.Althoughsomecriticswerenotsoenthusiasticabouthiswork,thepubliclovedit.HewascalledProseLaureateofManhattanandFatherofshortstories.Heisoneofthreeshortstorymasterintheworld.(O.Henry,Maupassant,Chekhov)创作丰富的美国短篇小说作家，主要描写纽约平民的生活，市民非常喜欢他。以“欧亨利式结尾”闻名于世。曼哈顿桂冠散文作家和美国现代短篇小说之父。世界三大短篇小说大师之一。（欧·亨利、莫泊桑、契诃夫）生平WilliamSydneyPorterwasborninGreenboro,NorthCarolina.Hisfatherwasaphysician.WhenWilliamwasthree,hismotherdied,andhewasraisedbyhisparentalgrandmotherandpaternalaunt.Williamwasanavidreader,butattheageoffifteenheleftschool,andthenworkedinadrugstoreandonaTexasranch.HecontinuedtoHouston,wherehehadanumberofjobs,includingaccountant,landboardclerk,reporter.In1887hemarriedAtholEstesRoach;theyhadadaughterandason.出生于美国北卡罗来纳州格林斯波罗镇一个医师家庭，三岁丧母，之后与祖母、姑姑一起生活。狂热的阅读者，但15岁便离开学校。做过许多工作，在药房当学徒，做过会计、土地局办事员、记者。1887年结婚，生有一儿一女。生平In1894cashwasfoundtohavegonemissingfromtheFirstNationalBankinAustin,wherePorterhadworkedasabankteller.WhenhewascalledbacktoAustintostandtrial,PorterfledtoHondurastoavoidtrial.Afterhearingnewsthathiswifewasdying,hereturnedtoAustinin1897.Hewasconvictedofembezzlingmoney,althoughtherehasbeenmuchdebateoverhisactualguilt.PorterenteredapenitentiaryatColumbus,Ohio.Whileinprison,PorterstartedtowriteshortstoriestoearnmoneytosupporthisdaughterMargaret.Hisfirstwork,'WhistlingDick'sChristmasStocking'(1899),appearedinMcClure'sMagazine.ThestoriesofadventureintheU.S.SouthwestandinCentralAmericagainedanimmediatelysuccessamongreaders.生平O.HenrymovedtoNewYorkCityin1902,hewroteastoryaweekfortheNewYorkWorld,alsopublishinginothermagazines.Henry’sfirstcollection,CabbageandKings(《白菜与国王》),appearedin1904.Afterthat,hestartedalotofcreation.InNewYork,becausealotofexcellentworkpublished,hewonfameandmoney.Hewasnotonlyextravagant,butgambling,excessivedrinking.Tiredofwritingandlivinginunrestrainedmadehisbodyseriouslydamaged.O.Henryremarriedin1907.Unfortunately,thereisnohappinessforhim.HediedofCirrhosis（肝硬化）onJune5,1910.Then,hewasonly48yearsold.TheRomanceofaBusyBroker证券经纪人的浪漫故事TheGiftofMagi麦琪的礼物TheLastLeaf最后一片叶子ACosmopoliteinaCafé咖啡馆里的世界公民MammonandtheArcher财神和爱神TheFurnishedRoom带家具出租的房间TheCopandtheAnthem警察和赞美诗TheRansomofRedChief红色酋长的救赎TheGiftofMagiIt’sabouttheyoungcouplewhoareshortofmoneybutdesperatelywanttobuyeachotherChristmasgifts.UnbeknownsttoJim,Dellasellshermostvaluablepossession,herbeautifulhair,inordertobuyaplatinumfobchainforJim'swatch;whileunbeknownsttoDella,Jimsellshisownmostvaluablepossession,hiswatch,tobuyjeweledcombsforDella'shair.TheRansomofRedChiefTwomenkidnapaboyoften.Theboyturnsouttobesodisgustingthatthedesperatemenultimatelypaytheboy'sfather$250totakehimback.It’saboutaNewYorkCityhobonamedSoapy,whosetsouttogetarrestedsohecanavoidsleepinginthecoldwinterasaguestofthecityjail.Despiteeffortsatpettytheft,disorderlyconduct,andmashingwithayoungprostitute,Soapyfailstodrawtheattentionofthepolice.Disconsolate,hepausesinfrontofachurch,whereanorganantheminspireshimtocleanuphislife—andisironicallychargedforloiteringandsentencedtothreemonthsinprison.TheYoung,poorpainterJohnsycontractedpneumonia,Suemakeeveryefforttotakecareofher,butshestilldidnotimprove.Johnsywouldgiveupcompletelywhenthelastleaffelltotheground.Inordertosaveher,AnotheroldartistBehrmanclimbedthewalltopainttheivyleaveinrainynight,whichhecontractedpneumoniaanddiedtwodayslater.Johnsysurvived,thelastonewaspaintedbyBehrman,becamehisfinalmasterpiece.