关于建立和完善刑事证人出庭作证制度的构想

12002420025:ConceptionofEstablishingandImprovingSystemofaCriminalWitnessGivingEvidenceinaLawCourtDF713ConceptionofEstablishing212345678934AbstractToserveasawitnessatcourtmeansthatthewitnesswhohasknownthecaseattendsthecourtandstatesexactlyhowthethingsstandinwordstothecourt.Itisanimportantproblemincriminalsuit.Butthequalificationsforthewitness,therightsguaranteetothewitnessandtheregulationsfortheoperationsequenceofgivingevidenceinalawcourtaresimpleandgeneral,eventheprinciplesareimproperinthecodeofcriminalprocedure.Thusitisdivorcedfromjudicialpracticesothatthecriminalproceduresturnouttobefree,omitted,outofcontrolanddifficulttooperate.Atthesametime,itaddstoresistancetotheimplementingoftherevisedcriminalprocedurelaw.Therefore,toestablish,tosupplement,toreviseandimprovethescientific,highlyefficientsystemofservingasacriminalwitnessatcourtshouldbecarriedoutwithoutdelay.Itwillbeanimportantcontributiontothecriminaljudicialsystemandcriminalevidencesysteminourcountry.Meanwhile,itwillmakerealisticguidingruleinthejudicialpractice.PartThequalificationsforawitnessmustbespecified.Therequirementsorqualificationsforawitnessmeansthatwhatkindofpeoplecanserveasawitnessandwhatkindofpeoplecan'tserveasawitness.Newcodeofcriminalprocedurehasnoclearregulationsforit.Anditisimproperthatunitcanserveasawitness.Therefore,thepaperelaboratesthequalificationsofawitness5improvedinthefollowingaspects.Firstly,themeaningofawitnessshouldbeclearlydefinedbytheevidencelaworruleandthejudicialexplanation.Secondly,theconcretemeaningsofknowingthecaseshouldbeclearlydefinedbydrawingonEnglish,AmericanandFrenchsystemcountrieseliminatingtherumorevidence.Thirdly,thescopeofawitnessshouldbeclearlyregulatedinstipulationsbysummarizationandenumeration.Part.Theprocedureforawitnessgivingevidenceinalawcourtshouldbedesigned.Thereisnoconcreteandcleardefinitionforservingacriminalwitnessatcourtinthecurrentcodeofcriminalprocedure.Andtheoperationsequenceofthecourtindifferentpartofthecountrycan'tbeunified.Therefore,todesignandtoestablishtheprocedureforservingasawitnessatcourtareimminent.Theprocedureshouldincludethefollowingcontent.Firstly,itistheprocedureofapplyingforawitnesstogiveevidenceinalawcourt.Secondly,itistheprocedureofnotifyingthewitnesstogiveevidenceinalawcount.Thirdly,itistheprocedureofestablishingawitness'identity.fourthly,itistheprocedureofthecourttellingthewitnesstherightsandobligations.fifthly,itistheprocedureofawitnessswearinganoath.Sixthly,itistheprocedureofawitnessgivingevidenceinalawcourt.Seventhly,itistheprocedureofquestioningthewitnessbythetwosides.Eighthly,itistheprocedureofthecourtmakingasupplementaryQuestiontothewitness.Ninthly,itistheprocedureofdeclaringtheadjournmentofawitness.Fromapplyingfora6witnesstogiveevidenceinalawcourtthecourttonotifyingthewitnesstoattendthecourt,fromverifyingawitness’identitytotellingawitness'rightsandobligations,fromthewitnessswearinganoathtothewitnessgivingtheevidence,questioningawitnessandawitnessadjourned.Thereareclearoperatingrulesineachlinkandeachdetail.Eachprocedureislinkedwithanother.Thequalityandefficiencyofawitnessgivingevidenceinalawcourtimprovesgreatly.Part.Itistosupplementandimprovetherightsguaranteesystemtoawitness.Therightsguaranteetoawitnessmeanshowtoguaranteetherealizationofawitness'rightsandthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofawitnessnotviolatedpredicatedontheregulationsforawitness’rightsinlaw.Itincludestheguaranteeofthesubstantiverightsandproceduralrights.Onlytherightsandobligationsareunified,canthesystemofawitnessgivingevidenceinalawcourtbeingooddevelopment.Therefore,thefollowingproblemsshouldbesolvedinordertoguaranteeawitness’rightsandtorealizetheaimandmissionofthecriminalprocedure.Firstly,theimportanceofguaranteeingawitness’rightsshouldbefullyrecognized.Toguaranteeawitnessprovidingevidenceobjectivelyandfullyandtodischargehisobligationsofgivingevidenceconsciouslyandtorealizethetimelypunishmenttothecrimearepredicatedonguaranteeingawitness’rights.Secondly,theprotectionsystemforawitnessshouldbeperfected.7Itincludestheprotectionforthelifeandpropertyofawitnessandhisrelativesinfrontofgivingevidence,duringthecourseofgivingevidence,aftergivingevidence.Thirdly,itistogiveawitnesstheeconomiccompensation.Fourthly,therightsofmitigatingthecriminalresponsibilityshouldbeadded.Onlythequalificationsofawitnessisdefined,theunassailableprocedureforawitnessgivingevidenceinalawcourtisestablished,theguaranteesystemofawitness’rightsissupplementedandimprovedandthestatusofawitnessisimproved,canthecriminalprocedurebemoresmooth.Thusitpromotesthecodeofcriminalprocedureasounddevelopment.8125581011()131719212224272829343536119CatalogueSummary…………………………………………………………1Introduction………………………………………………………2.QualificationsandStatusofaCriminalWitness……………5QualificationsforaCriminalWitness……………………5.StatusofaCriminalWitness………………………………8.ProcedureofaCriminalWitnessGivingEvidenceinaLawCourtShouldbeDesigned……………………………10ProcedureofApplyingforaWitnesstoGiveEvidenceinaLawCourt………………………………………….11.ProcedureofNotifyingaWitnesstoGiveEvidenceinaLawCount………………………