高中英语Unit2EnglisharoundtheworldUsinglanguag

1高一英语同步练习必修1Unit2Englisharoundtheworld第4课时：Usinglanguage基础练习：I.填空：AmEnglishBrEnglishChinese电梯petrol公寓FallundergroundmovierubbertruckfootballmailII.单元重点句型详解1.强调句式⑴.Itis／was…that／who…句型表示强调。被强调的部分（通常是句子的主语、状语、宾语或宾语补足语）放在is／was的后面，如被强调的是人，则后面可用who，whom等代替。例如：Hemetanoldfriendintheparkyesterday.他昨天在公园碰见一个老朋友。上述句子可以通过强调句型对除谓语以外的不同成分进行强调。如：Itwashewho/thatmetanoldfriendintheparkyesterday.(强调主语)Itwasanoldfriendthat/whohemetintheparkyesterday.(强调宾语)Itwasintheparkthathemetanoldfriendyesterday.(强调地点状语)Itwasyesterdaythathemetanoldfriendinhepark.(强调时间状语)⑵.如果强调的是特殊疑问句，要用“特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that+…”结构。例如：2Whowasitthatyouwanttosee?你究竟想见谁？Wherewasitthatyousawtheteacher?你到底在哪里看见老师的？⑶.如果强调not…until结构中until后的时间状语，须把not一起提前。例如：ItwasnotuntilIhadreadyourletterthatIunderstoodthetruestateofaffairs.2．“除...外...”表达辨析exceptfor,except,exceptthat,but,besides和apartfrom的中文意思均为除...外，但其具体用法不尽相同。⑴besides“除……以外，还有…”作副词时意思是“而且，更何况”。WellallwenttothecinemabesidesTom.除了Tom外，我们都去了电影院。Itwastoolatetoseeafilm,andbesides,Iwastired.⑵except除去，除……之外（不再有）。WeallwentexceptJohn.我们都去了，约翰没有。⑶exceptfor除了……（对句子主题进行细节校正或附加说明）后接名词、代词或what从句，此时与exceptthat+句子意思相同。Hewasverycleverexceptforcarelessness.Heisagoodmanexceptforhottemper.=Heisagoodmanexceptthathehashottemper.他是个好人，除了脾气不好而已。⑷exceptthat…除了……一点以外。Hehasnotchangedexceptthatheiswearingdarkglasses.⑸but与exceptbut和except在表示“除了……以外”时可以通用，但应注意以下三点：*前面有不定人词、疑问代词在意义上对称时，多用but。Allbutonearehere.NobodybutIlikesmakingmodelships.*后接不定式短语为排除对象时，多用but。Hehasnothingtodobutwait.（but前有do,does,did时,but后省to,反之，则一般带to）*but与一些固定结构连用。havenochoicebuttodosth.只得做某事，cannotbutdosth.不得不,cannothelpbutdo3sth.不得不……，butfor…如不是……⑹.apartfrom:其含义主要依据上下文而定，有时可与except换用，有时可代替besides.Apartfromthecost,thehatdoesn'tsuitme.除价钱太贵，这帽子也不适合我戴。Therearetenpeopleinthequeueapartfromme.除我之外，还有十人在排队。3.directioninalldirections朝四面八方underthedirectionofsb=underone’sdirection在某人的指导下inthedirectionof朝着…方向fromthedirectionof从…方向follow/obey/listentoone’sdirection听从某人的指导⑴Thediretion____whichthepresidentwouldgowaskeptsecret____safetyconcern.A.for;overB.from;aboutC.in;forD.at;as⑵Generallyspeaking,when____accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A.takingB.takenC.totakeD.tobetaken⑶.she______(问了方向)andthentellsherfriends.⑷.Tomwentoff__________________andHarryinanother.⑸.Hedidthework________________.(在我的指导下)答案：C/B/inonedirection/undermydirection4．contain,include,cover区别：Contain整体包括部分AcontainsBA与B是不同类事物或者一个容器中容纳的东西IncludeAincludesBA与B是同类事物，常用两种表达方式：includingsth/sb=sb’sthincludedCover钱够...之用；足以支付⑴．----Howcomeasimplemeallikethiscostssomuch?-----Wehave____inyourbillthecostofthecupyoubrokejustnow.4A.addedB.includedC.containedD.charged⑵Weallwent,______Mary.=Weallwent,Mary_______.⑶-----Will$200____thecostofthedamage?-----I’mafraidnot.Ineedatleast100more.⑷Hewasworried,becausehelosthisbag______hispassport,IDcardandalotofmoney.答案：B/including…included/cover/containing5．comeup上升；上来；被提出comeupwith找到或提出（答案或方法等）comeabout发生comeupto达到comeacross（偶然）遇见；碰到用come有关短语填空：⑴Wouldyou_________myflatforavisit?⑵Thequestion_______atthemeetingwhetherwehadenoughmoney.⑶She____________newideaforincreasingsales.⑷I________childrensleepingunderbridges.⑸Canyoutellmehowtheaccident_________?答案：comeupto/cameup/cameupwith/cameacross/cameabout介词、副词填空1.Willyoubeathome________Christmas?2.Scientifictheoriesmustbebased_____facts.3.—Alice,youarewanted_______thephone.—I’mcoming.Thanks.4.Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcame_______?5.Hedidn’texplain______uswhyhewaslate,whichmadeusunhappy.6.Sorrymum,Ican’tfindthekey______thedoor.57.Pleaseturn_____thelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom..8.Itisimpolite_________youtosayrudewordstoyourclassmates.9.Themaninsisted_____findingataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.10.Areyoufond_____stayinghere?根据汉语补全句子1．翻译是指把一种语言译成另一种语言的人。__________isapersonwho________oneintoanother__________.2．被邀请来参加聚会是我的荣幸。_____________________tobeinvitedtotheparty.3．这本书是以一个发生在1930年的真实故事为背景的.Thebookis___________atruestorythathappenedin1930.4．信不信由你,我们学校离车站很近.___________________,ourschoolisclosetothebusstation.5.因为暴风雨他没有去那儿。____________________thestormhedidn'tgothere.阅读理解HenryFordwasthefirstpersontobuildcarswhichwerecheap，strongandfast．Hewasabletose11millionsofmodelsbecausebecouldproducetheminlargenumbersatatime；thatis，hemadeagreatmanycarsofexactlythesamekind．Ford’sfatherhopedthathissonwouldbecomeafarmer，buttheyoungmandidnotliketheideaandhewenttoDetroit（底特律）whereheworkedasamechanic（机械师）．Bytheageof29，in1892，hehadbuilthisfirstcar．However，thecarmadeinthisway，thefamous“ModelT”didnotappearuntil1908—fiveyearsafterFordhadstartedhisgreatmotorcarfactory．Thiscarshowedtobewell-knownthatitremainedunchangedfortwentyyear．SinceFord’stime，thiswayofproducingcarsinlarge6numbershasbecomecommoninindustryandhasreducedthepriceofmanygoodswhichwouldotherwisebeveryexpensive．1．HenryFordwasthemantobuilt_____cars．A．cheapandstrongB．cheapandlongC．fastandexpensiveD．strongandslow2．Fordwasabletosellmillionsofcars，because_____．A．hemademanygreetcarsB．hiscarsaremanyC．hemadelotsofcarsofthesamekindD．bothAandB3．Theyoungmanbecameamechanic，_______．A．whichwashisfather’swill