2014专四听力

TalkHowtoSucceedinYourLiteratureClassⅠ.Featuresofliteratureclass—(1)freedomwithpersonalideasencouragedⅡ.ThreepiecesofadviceforliteratureclasslearnersA.Inadvance—forlargelectures：—greaterprogressandmore(2)inthelecture—forsmalllectures：—(3)inopendiscussion—targetofliteratureclass：—generalaspectsofimportantbooks—subtledifferencesofhowstoriesarecrafted—drillinreadingand(4)ofhugeamountsofinformationB.Closely—method：—readingallmaterialsinsteadof(5)—payingmoreattentiontostyleanddeeperintentioninsteadofplotsor(6)—requirementofliteraturepapers：focusedand(7)—benefittopaperwriting：—learningtodefendpersonalinterpretationswith(8)evidenceC.Questioningly—notafraidofpossiblecontradictions—displayoffullthoughtinargumentswith(9)Ⅲ.Theadditionaltip—selectionofacoursewith(10)ConversationOne1.[A]Federalgovernment.[B]Individualpublicschools.[C]Theeducationchief.[D]Individualstatesanddistricts.2.[A]Becauseitenablesteacherstoprepareforsubjectmatterinmoredepth.[B]Becauseitcanputstudentsatacompetitiveadvantage.[C]Becauseitismoresuitableforcurrenteconomy.[D]BecauseitisgainingincreasingpopularityintheUS-3.[A]Extendingschoolyearcanreducethequalityofthetimeinclass.[B]Extendingschoolyearcaninterruptfamilylife.[C]Extendingschoolyeardoesn’tnecessarilyimprovetestscores.[D]Extendingschoolyearmayincreasethecostofschools.4.[A]Morelearningexperiences.[B]Theavoidanceofsummerlearningloss.[C]Moretimeforteacher-studentinteraction.[D]Reducinggapbetweentherichandthepoor.5.[A]HeisstronglyinfavourofMiriam’sideas.[B]HeismildlyinfavourofMiriam’sideas.[C]HeisstronglyagainstMiriam’sideas.[D]HeismildlyagainstMiriam’sideas.ConversationTwo6.[A]EnglishLiterature.[B]Computer.[C]BusinessAdministration.[D]Finance.7.[A]Theworkingenvironmentwaspoor.[B]Thejobwasboring.[C]Thepaywasratherlow.[D]Hedislikedhisemployer.8.[A]Enthusiastic.[B]Perseverant.[C]Eloquent.[D]Cooperative.9.[A]Overtimework.[B]Regularwork.[C]Workofleadership.[D]Variedwork.10.[A]Doctor’snoteisnotnecessaryforaone-daysickleave.[B]Someemployeesusedtotakeadvantageofitsloopholes.[C]Allthetermsinitarepreferredtothecandidate.[D]Paternityleaveisaslongasmaternityleavewhenthefirstchildisborn.LimitingtheGrowthofTechnologyThroughouthistorymanhaschangedhisphysicalenvironmenttoimprovehiswayoflife.Withthetoolsoftechnologymanhasalteredmanyphysicalfeaturesoftheearth.However,thesechangesinthephysicalenvironmenthavenotalwayshadbeneficialresults.Today,pollutionoftheairandwaterisadangertothehealthoftheplanet.Smokefromfactoriespollutestheairofindustrializedareasandthesurroundingcountryside.Thepollutionofwaterisequallyharmful.Itisnownecessaryformantolimitthegrowthoftechnologyinordertosurviveonearth.HowtoSucceedinYourLiteratureClassGoodmorningeveryone,ourtopictodayisabouthowtodowellinyourliteratureclassinyourcollegedays.Literaturecoursesandassignmentstendtobeextremelydifferentfromthoseofanyotherdisciplinebecauseoftheirextremesubjectivity.Thisaspectiswhatmanypeopletendtofindmostsurprisingandchallenginginanacademicsetting.(1)Iamnotsayingthatyoucanthrowreasonandfactoutofthewindowinliteraturecourses，butvonarcgivenmuchmoreintellectualfreedomwithyourpersonalthoughtsandideas.Beginningwiththe“inadvance”pieceofwisdom.Forlargelecturesstudentsoftenthinkitisnotthatimportanttodothereadingssincetheywillnotbeforcedtospeakupandofferopinions.Thisiscompletelywrong.Whyattendalectureonapieceofwritingthattheprofessorassumesyouhaveread?(2)Youwilltakenothingawayfromthelectureandwillnotbeabletomakeanysenseofwhatevernotesyoutake,evenifyoureadthematerialafterthefact.(3)Insmallclassesthathavelotsofopendiscussion，professorscanalwaystellwhohasandwhohasnotdonetheweek'sreading.Don’tthinkitwon'taffectyourparticipationgradeforthecourse.Theentirepointofaliteratureclassistoengrossastudentinthegeneralaspectsofimportantexploremanysubtledifferencesofhowstoriesarecrafted,andtotrainthecollegescholartoreadand(4)digesthugeamountsofinformation.Youwon’tdowellinthecoursewithoutmakingasincereattempttoreadandunderstandeveryassignedtext.Next,makesureyoureadallmaterialveryclosely.(5)Donotskimthroughseeminglyunimportantpassagesoflongnovels,orreadSparkNotesandthinkyouknowwhathappensinthereading.(6)Thesemethodsof“reading”leaveyouwithoutanyideaoftheauthor’sstyleordeeperintentions:theymerelygiveyouplotorsurfacemeanings.Readingthingshalfwaywillbeofnobenefittoyouwhenitistimetowriteyourpapers.(7)Literatureprofessorsusuallywantpapersthatareverysharplyfocusedanddetailed.(8)ThereisDOsingleanswerorinterpretationtomostpiecesofliterature，butstudentsmustbeabletoreadcloselyenoughtodefendacasewithtextualevidencethatwillsupporttheirpersonalinterpretation.Finally，donotfeeldefeatedifyoufindapieceofevidenceinthetextthatseemstocontradictthelineofthinkingyouhaddevelopedaboutthepieceofliterature.(9)Literaturepapersanddiscussionsshouldquestioneverytheorybyofferingcounterevidence.AsIpreviouslysaid,clear-cutanswersdonotexistinanyformofliterature,beitpoetry,fiction,essays,orevennonfiction.Youmustreadallgenreswithadiscerningeye，andinsteadofavoidingpossibleconflictsinyourpapers,usethemtoshowthatyouhave