玉米与大豆间作对玉米叶片气孔及光合效率的影响

JournalofYunnanAgriculturalUniversity201227139－43http//[e-mail]2011－06－032011－10－252012－01－1311∶55*“973”2011CB10040030860161。#。1987－。[e-mail]1984－。[e-mail]1983－。[e-mail]＊＊Correspondingauthor1964－。[e-mail]//－390Xn.2012.01.008*###＊＊650201、、。、。、、、、。、。S513A1004－390X201201－0039－05TheEffectofIntercroppingofMaizeandSoybeanonStomataandPhotosyntheticEfficiencyofMaizeYANGLeiWUHanZHAOLi-huaLIANGYan-liHEHan-mingYANGJingLICheng-yunKeyLaboratoryofAgro-BiodiversityandPestManagementofEducationMinistryofChinaYunnanAgriculturalUniversityKunming650201ChinaAbstractStomataplayanimportantroleingasandwaterexchangemetabolismandresponsetoen-vironmentalconditionsincludingpathogeninfection．Thesizedensityanddistributionofstomatawerecontrolledbybothgeneticandenvironmentalfactors．InordertoanalyzehowintercroppingofmaizeandsoybeanaffectsmaizeleavesstomataThelengthwidthanddensityofstomataunderleafepidermisofmaizewereinvestigatedusingoptimizedscrapingmethod．Theresultshowedthatstomataldensityandlengthinupper-middle-andbelow-partsofmaizeplantsinintercroppingofmaizeandsoybeanwerelowerthandidinmonoculturefieldofmaizewhilelengthofstomataappearedoppositeresultcomparingwiththedensityofstomata．Thereweremoreincreaseofstomatawidthinmiddle-andbelow-partsofmaizeplantsinintercroppingthandidinmonocultureones．ThePhotosynthesisandtranspirationratesofmaizeleavesinintercroppingfieldsweresignificantlyincreasedcomparedwithparametersinmonocultureones．Theabove-mentionedresultsindicatedthatintercroppingofdifferentcropscouldsystematicallyinfluencestomataofmaizeleavesandthechangeofstomatacharacteralsocontributedtoimproveproductionofcropandreduceoccurrenceofleavespeckdisease．KeywordsStomatamaizethescrapingmethodphotosynthesisrateintercropping1。2－4。、、、5－6。3。7。。、、8。。PAMPPAMP。。、NOGSA9－10。10。。。11.11.1.120104～201010。25°01'103°1931m10～20℃pH6.511。1.1.2“88”“12”。1.21.2.12∶4339。4.0m×5.0m20cm×40cm30cm×40cm200cm40cm30cm×30cm430cm×30cm。。1.2.2、12－13。9。5、0427、－20℃。10259。10～15cm。。2、11%－0.5～1min14。LeicaDM2000。10×2020。40×102～3。。1.2.3Li－6400LI－COR、。512－13。9∶00～12∶00。1.2.4ExcelSPSS13.02。22.12∶4、1。。。。1Tab.1Sizeanddistributionofstomataofcornleavesinintercroppingofmaize-soybeanin2010plantingmodelupper-partofplantmiddle-partofplantlower-partofplant/·mm－2stomatadensity/μmstomatalength/μmstomatawidth/·mm－2stomatadensity/μmstomatalength/μmstomatawidth/·mm－2stomatadensity/μmstomatalength/μmstomatawidthmaizemonoculture95A43.25A11.05a82A44.52A10.46A63A40.64A8.40Aintercroppingofmaizeandsoybean89B45.41B10.51a75B45.34B11.03B58B44.47B9.04BP＜0.01P＜0.05。NoteDatalabeledwithdifferentcapitalsmeanextremelysignificantlevelP＜0.01datalabeledwithdifferentlowercasesmeansignificancelevelP＜0.05thesameasbelow．2.2、。、。、14.206.073.3414116.4016.017.89。、、2.041.661.152.032.761.621。3。15。leafareaindexLAI16。。。。17。5。H2O2NO189。、。、。、。。。。。、、。、。1THRUPPLA．Linkingagriculturalbiodiversityandfoodsecuritythevaluableroleofagrobiodiversityforsustain-ableagricultureJ．InternationalAffairs20007624272265－281．2ZHUYYCHENHRFANJHetal．Geneticdiver-sityanddiseasecontrolinriceJ．Nature2000406707－716．3LEUNGHZHUYYREVILLA-MOLINAIetal．U-singgeneticdiversitytoachievesustainablericediseasemanagementJ．PlantDisease200387101156－1169．4FRIDLEYJ．ResourceavailabilitydominatesandalterstherelationshipbetweenspeciesdiversityandecosystemproductivityinexperimentalplantcommunitiesJ．Oecologia20021322271－277．5ZHANGXZHANGLDONGFetal．Hydrogenper-oxideisinvolvedinabscisicacid-inducedstomatalclosureinViciafabaJ．PlantPhysiology200112641438－1448．6ZHUYYFANGHWANGYYetal．PanicleblastandcanopymoistureinricecultivarmixturesJ．Phy-topathology2005954433－438．7FLOMBAUMPSALAOE．Highereffectofplantspe-ciesdiversityonproductivityinnaturalthanartificialeco-systemsJ．ProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica2008105166087－6090．8．J．1999305477－480．9DURNERJWENDEHENNEDKLESSIGDF．De-fensegeneinductionintobaccobynitricoxidecyclicGMPandcyclicADP-riboseJ．ProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesoftheUnitedStatesofA-merica1998951710328－10333．10ZENGWQMELOTTOMHESY．PlantstomataacheckpointofhostimmunityandpathogenvirulenceJ．CurrentOpinioninBiotechnology2010215599－603．11．C//．2009361－371．12．J．200521105－8．13．J．199910139－41．14．J．200823z173－76．15．J．2006144104－106．16．J．2000210－12．17MELOTTOMUNDERWOODWKOCZANJetal．Plantstomatafunctionininnateimmunityagainstbacte-rialinvasionJ．Cell20061265969－980．18DELLEDONNEMXIAYJDIXONRAetal．NitricoxidefunctionsasasignalinplantdiseaseresistanceJ．Nature19983946693585－588．341