英国文学史及作品选读教案-Lecture-8(09级)

Lecture8TheRomanticPeriod(II)ⅠTeachingContentGeorgeGordonByron;PercyByssheShelley;JohnKeatsⅡTimeAllotment2periodsⅢTeachingObjectivesandRequirements1HelpthestudentsunderstandGeorgeGordonByron.2HelpthestudentshaveagoodunderstandingofPercyByssheShelley.3HelpthestudentshaveagoodunderstandingofJohnKeats.ⅣKeyPointsandDifficultPointsinTeaching1PercyByssheShelley2JohnKeatsⅤTeachingMethodsandMeansLecture;Discussion;Multi-mediaⅥTeachingProcess1GeorgeGordonByron(1788-1824)(ForSelf-Study)1.1IntroductionByron’sbestpoemsareDonJuanandChildeHarold.HisotherworksincludeHoursofIdlenessandEnglishBardsandScottishReviewers…(SeeWangShouren,76andChangYaoxin,197-198).1.2CommentsonByron●Byron’spoetryisoneofexperience.Hisheroesaremoreorlesspicturesofhimself.Hisheroisknownas“ByronicHero”,aproud,mysteriousrebelfigureofnobleorigin.Withimmensesuperiorityinhispassionsandpowers,hewouldcarryonhisshoulderstheburdenofrightingallthewrongsinacorruptsociety.Hewouldrisesingle-handedlyagainstanykindoftyrannicalruleseitheringovernment,inreligion,orinmoralprincipleswithunconquerablewillsandinexhaustibleenergies.Forsuchahero,theconflictisusuallyoneofrebelliousindividualagainstout-wornsocialsystemsandconventions.Thefigureis,tosomeextent,modeledonthelifeandpersonalityofByron.●Byroninsistedonauthentic—andmoral—natureofhiswork.●Byron’spoetryexertsgreatinfluenceontheRomanticMovement.HestandswithShakespeareandScottamongtheBritishwriterswhoexertgreatinfluenceoverthemainlandofEurope.(SeeChangYaoxin,197)1.3DiscussionofSheWalksinBeauty(SeetheTextbookSelectedReadings,74-75)●Itisalyricalpoemwrittenin1814andpublishedin1815.●InJune,1814,severalmonthsbeforehemetandmarriedhisfirstwife,AnnaMilbanke,LordByronattendedapartyatLadySitwell’s.Whileattheparty,LordByronwasinspiredbythesightofhiscousin,thebeautifulMrs.Wilmot,whowaswearingablackspangledmourningdress.LordByronwasstruckbyhiscousin’sdarkhairandfairface,theminglingofvariouslightsandshades.Thisbecametheessenceofhispoemabouther.(DiscussthequestionsintheSelectedReadings.)●Thefirsttwolinesbringtogethertheopposingqualitiesofdarknessandlightthatareatplaythroughoutthethreeverses.Theremaininglinesofthefirstversetellusthatherfaceandeyescombineallthat’sbestofdarkandbright.Nomentionismadehereorelsewhereinthepoemofanyotherphysicalfeaturesofthelady.Thefocusofthevisionisuponthedetailsofthelady’sfaceandeyeswhichreflectthemellowedandtenderlight.Shehasaremarkablequalityofbeingabletocontaintheoppositesofdarkandbright.Thefourthlinestartswithanaccentedsyllablefollowedbyanunaccentedone,ratherthantheiambicmeteroftheotherlines,anunaccentedsyllablefollowedbyanaccentedone.Theresultisthattheword“Meet”receivesattention,anemphasis.Thelady’suniquefeatureisthatopposites“meet”inherinawonderfulway.●Thesecondversetellsusthattheglowofthelady’sfaceisnearlyperfect.Theshadesandraysareinjusttherightproportion,andbecausetheyare,theladypossessesanamelessgrace.Thisconveystheromanticideathatherinnerbeautyismirroredbyherouterbeauty.Herthoughtsaresereneandsweet.Sheispureanddear.●Thelastverseissplitbetweenthreelinesofphysicaldescriptionandthreelinesthatdescribethelady’smoralcharacter.Hersoft,calmglowreflectsalifeofpeaceandgoodness.Thisisarepetition,anemphasis,ofthethemethatthelady’sphysicalbeautyisareflectionofherinnerbeauty.2PercyByssheShelley(1792-1822)2.1Lifeandachievements(SeeChangYaoxin,202-204)●ShelleyisanidealisticandpropheticRomantic.●Heseeslifeonthehorizonandgivesthevisionatangibleforminhispoetry.●Herefusestoacceptlifeasitisandtriestoenvisionlifeasdevoidofoppression,injustice,tyranny,andcorruptioncurrentinthesociallifeofhisday.●Hevisualizesthebirthofanidealsocialorderbasedontheregenerationofmanandvirtueoflove.HemadehimselfakindofprecursortothesocialistmovementsoontosweepacrossEuropeandEngland.2.2Shelley’sWorks●PrometheusUnbound:alyricaldrama,Shelley’smasterpiece,mostfamous(SeeChangYaoxin,206-207)●Hisshortlyricalpoems◆Asforhislyricsonnature,thetwobestknownonesareOdetotheWestWind(1819)andToaSkylark(1820).HisotherlyricsonnaturearemainlyHymnofApollo,TheCloudandTotheMoon.◆Shelley’slovelyrics,numerousandwidelyknown,includingmainlyLove’sPhilosophy,IFearThyKisses,GentleMaiden,OneWordIsTooOftenProfanedandWhentheLampIsShattered.Inhislovelyrics,Shelleyregardsloveasthenoblestthingintheuniverse,asthethingofextremepurityandasafeelingofdevotionandworship.Hebelievesthatthenoblestloveinthehumanworldmayleadmankindtoastateofharmony,happiness,peaceandperfection.Headvocatesthatloveshouldbeelevatedhighabovethevulgar,practicalattitudetowardit.2.3CommentsonShelley●ByronsaidofShelleythathe“was,withoutexception,thebestandleastselfishmanIeverknew.Ineverknewonewhowasnotabeastincomparison”.MatthewArnoldthoughtthatShelley’scharacterwastoosensitiveforareallygreatwriterandcalledhima“beautifulandineffectualangel,beatinginthevoidhisluminouswingsinvain”.ButShelleywasnotineffectual,andhewasnotsocutofffromtherealitiesoflifeasArnoldsuggests.●Shelleyhasashrewdandinformedcomprehensionofthecomplexitiesofearthlylife.Andhisgenerous,unselfishpersonalityalsocontainedelementsofsophisticatedplay