染整英语3-dyeing

Chapter3dyeingoftextiles织物染色3.1introductiontodyeing染色简介3.1introductiontodyeing染色简介•Colorants染色剂•Colorfastness染色牢度•Dyeingprocess染色工序→Batchdyeingprocess间歇式染色→Continuousdyeing连续式染色Textile’scolorTextile’scolorisnormallyobtainedbyapplyingacoloranttothetextilesubstrate.获得基底着色剂1.Dyeing染色2.Printing印花Dyeing染色PrintingaddscolortothesubstratelocallyPrintingdyeingdyeingcompletelycoversthesubstratewithcolorWiththeintentionofobtaininganevencolordistributionthroughoutthesubstrate局部染色全部染色以…为目的Colorants染色剂Whatisthedifferencebetweendyesandpigments??Dyes染料Pigments干粉颜料Watersoluble水溶性Substantivityforfibres亲纤维性Canbeabsorbedintothefibres纤维吸附力Notwatersoluble非水溶性Possessnospecificattractionforanyparticularfibretype无特殊纤维吸附力Colorfastness染色牢度Measurement测量hue色彩Depth色泽浓度Brightness亮度Uniformity均匀度Fastness牢度qualityColorfastness染色牢度Theabilityoftheshadetowithstandexternalagencieswithoutlossorchangeincolor染色的织物在外界作用下，不褪色或不变色的能力承受机构，作用色度washing,drycleaning,rubbing,perspiration,Heat,light…Dyeingprocess染色工序•Batchdyeingprocess间歇式染色•Continuousdyeing连续式染色Dyeingoftextiles织物染色Transferdyemoleculesfromamedium(usuallywater)inwhichthedyeisdissolvedordispersedontothetextilefibres.染料分散Batchdyeingprocess间歇式染色•Step1：dyemoleculesarefirstattractedtothefibresurface•Step2：dyemoleculesdiffusethroughthefibreduetothehighsurfaceconcentrationofdye•Step3：dyemoleculesarefixedonthefibrebyintermolecularforceorchemicalbond染料分子吸附纤维表面由于纤维表面染料浓度较高而扩散进入纤维内部通过分子间力或化学键固着在纤维上Batchdyeingprocess间歇式染色Thedyeintheliquor溶液内染料Thedyeinthefibre纤维中染料Continuousdyeing连续式染色•Step1:impregnatethepreparedfabricwithasuitableamountofdyeliquor•Step2:paditthroughafoulardtofacilitatethepenetrationofthedyeintothefabricfibreandeliminatetheexcessdyesolutionfromthefibre•Step3:passitintoafixationchamberwheredyefixationtakesplacewithinjustafewminutes将织物浸渍适量的染液通过轧压促使染料渗透到织物纤维内部并除去多余染液进入固色蒸箱，在几分钟内完成固色Whatarethedifferencebetweenbatchingdyeingprocessandcontinuousdyeingprocess??Continuousdyeing连续式染色Fixation固色Languagepoint语法点•Derivefrom…从…获得•Derivevt.取得；追溯起源•vi.(from)起源，衍生•derivegreatpleasurefromone'sstudies•从学习中获得极大乐趣•ThousandsofEnglishwordsderivefromLatin.•英语中有成千上万的词源自拉丁文.Languagepoint语法点•Impartingcolortoclothing•Impartvt.赋予，给予•impartasubtleflavor;•加少许调料;•impartsomeadvice.•给予一些建议•Ateacher'saimistoimpartknowledge.•教师的作用是传授知识。Languagepoint语法点•Thisqualityisusuallyassessedthrough…•Assessvt.对…进行估价；评价，评论•Assessmentn.评价，评估•I'dassessyourchancesasextremelylow.•我估计你成功的机会极微.•Whatisyourassessmentofthesituation?•你对这一情况有什麽看法?Languagepoint语法点•Inrelationto根据，有关•Ihavealottosayinrelationtothataffair.关于那件事,我有好多话要说。Review复习•Colorants•Colorfastness•Batchdyeingprocess•Continuousdyeing•Obtain•Substrate•Withtheintentionof•Fixation•Derivefrom…•Impart•Assessment•染色剂•染色牢度•间歇式染色•连续式染色•获得•基底•以…为目的•固色•从…获得•赋予，给予•评价，评估Classificationofdyes染料分类Dye染料Acolorant,usuallyorganic,solubleordispersedinitsmediumofapplicationandwhichisdesignedtobeabsorbedorabsorbedby,madetoreactwith,ordepositedwithinasubstrateinordertoimpartcolortothatsubstratewithsomedegreeofpermanence.分散可溶的媒介应用吸收反应沉积基底赋予耐久度着色剂•Before1856•1856•Today•Naturalvegetables,animalsandmineralmaterials•WilliamPerkindiscoveredthefirstsyntheticdye•Morethan4000differentdyesHistoryOrganiccompounds有机合成物Dyes染料=Chromophoregroup发色团Auxochromegroup助色团Solubilizinggroup水溶性基团Organiccompounds有机合成物•Chromophoregroup发色团•1.conjugatedunsaturatedsystemexistinginthedye’smolecule•染料分子中不饱和共轭体系•2.Providecolor•提供颜色Organiccompounds有机合成物•Auxochromegroup助色团•1.attachedtothechromophore•依附于发色团•2.intensifyanddeepenthecolor•增强加深颜色Organiccompounds有机合成物•Solubilizinggroup水溶性基团•1.includeionicgroupsandpolarnonionicgroups•包含离子团和极性非离子团•2.impartwatersolubilitytothedyes•赋予染料水溶解性ioniccharacter离子性质chemicaltype化学种类applicationmethod应用方式Dependon根据Differentkindsofdyesioniccharacter离子性质Reflectssolubilityinwater体现在水溶性上Ionicdye离子染料Nonionicdye非离子染料Anionic阴离子Cationic阳离子WatersolubleSmallwatersolubilitychemicaltype化学种类DyersDyemanufacturersFordyersthisapplicationclassificationisfarmoreimportantthanothers对染色者而言，按应用分类远比其他分类重要applicationmethod应用方式Anapplicationclassgroupstogetherdyeswithsimilarapplicationpropertiesapplicationmethod应用方式•Aciddye•Basicdye•Directdye•Dispersedye•Reactivedye•Sulphurdye•Vatdye•酸性染料•基本染料•直接染料•分散染料•活性染料•硫化染料•还原染料Dyetypesolubilityfirbeaffinityfastnessproperties染料类型水溶性亲纤维性染色牢度Basic基本Acid酸性Direct直接Disperse分散Reactive活性Vat还原WatersolubleWatersolubleWatersolubleinsolubleinsolubleWatersolubleacryliccellulosiccellulosiccellulosicproteinproteinsyntheticpolyamideLanguagepoints•Disperse•vi.使分散；使消失vt.分散；驱散•Thecrowddispersed.•人群散开了.•风把云吹散了.•Thewinddispersedtheclouds.•Dispersionn.分散•同义词:distributespread•反义词:collectwithdrawLanguagepoints•Reactwith•vi.(作出)反应；反对；起化学反应(作用)•Ironreactswithwaterandairtoproducerust.•铁与水和空气起化学反应而生锈。•Howdidtheyreacttoyoursuggestion?•他们对你的建议有什么反应？•酸对金属起什麽反应?•Howdoacidsreactonmetals?Languagepoints•Depositedwithin…•deposit[diˈpɔzit]•vt.使沉淀；寄存；储蓄•n.定金；存款；矿藏•Coastaldepositsarethosesedimentsdepositedatornearsealevel.•沿海沉积物是沉积在海平面或接近于海平面处的沉积物。Languagepoints•attachto…•vt.连接；使依恋;认为有;使附属•Haveyouattachedlabelstotheluggage?•你给行李系上标签了