Direct-and-indirect-speech(直接引语和间接引语)

DirectandindirectspeechTheteachersaid,“Thisismybook.”(D)Theteachersaidthatwasherbook.(I)概念：直接引述别人的原话叫直接引语，一般前后要加引号，用机自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语，多数构成宾语从句，不用引号。Lookandlearn:Findoutthedifferencesofthesentences1.“Thisismybook.”theteachersaid.(D)Theteachersaidthatwasherbook.(I)2.LiLeisays,“Doesyourbrotherlikethepet?”(D)LiLeiasksmeif/whethermybrotherlikesthepet.(I)3.“Wheredoyoulive?”,thepoliceasked.3.ThepoliceaskedmewhereIlived.(I)4.Jacksaid,“Ihavefinishedmywork.”(D)Jacksaidthathehadfinishedhiswork.(I)5.Tomsaidtous,“Iboughtanewbikeyesterday.”(D)Tomtoldusthathehadboughtanewbikethedaybefore.6.LiTaosaid,“Mysisterisdoingherhomework.”(D)LiTaotoldmethathissisterwasdoingherhomework.7.Lilysaid,“Iwillgoshoppingtomorrow.”(D)Lilysaidthatshewouldgoshoppingthenextday.(I)1.句式的变化。2.时态的变化。3.人称代词的变化。直接引语间接引语陈述句That引导的宾语从句一般疑问句If/whether引导的宾语从句特殊疑问句由原疑问词引导的宾语从句2.时态的变化直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时3.人称代词的变化1.“Thisismybook.”theteachersaid.(D)Theteachersaidthatwasherbook.(I)2.LiLeisays,“Doesyourbrotherlikethepet?”(D)LiLeiasksmeif/whethermybrotherlikesthepet.(I)3.“Wheredoyoulive?”,thepoliceasked.ThepoliceaskedmewhereIlived.(I)4.MrLisaidtotheboss,“MissHuangishisfriend.”MrLitoldthebossthatMissHuangwashisfriend.原则（口诀）说明一随主直接引语中出现的第一人称代词要按引述动词的主语的人称代词变化。二随宾直接引语中出现的第二人称代词要按引述动词的宾语的人称变化，若引述动词后没有宾语，可用第一人称。第三人称不更新直接引语中出现的第三人称代词一般不需要变化。Lookandlearn:1.Theteachersaidtous,“Theearthrunsaroundthesun.”(D)Theteachertoldusthattheearthrunsaroundthesun.(I)特别提示：当直接引语如果是客观真理或事实，变为间接引语时，时态不变。Practice1.Ourteachersaid,“Themoonmovesaroundthesun.”(D)Ourteachersaidthatthemoonmovesaroundthesun.(I)2.Thescientistsaid,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”(D)Thescientistsaidthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.(I)Lookandlearn:1.LiLeisays,“Doesyourbrotherlikethepet?”(D)LiLeiasksmeif/whethermybrotherlikesthepet.(I)2.Hesays,“Ilikesplayingbasketball.”Hesaysthathelikesplayingbasketball.3.Shesays,“Iboughtabag.”(D)Shesaysthatsheboughtabag.(I)4.Mymothersays,“IhadbeentoBeijingtwice.”(D)MymothersaysthatshehadbeentoBeijingtwice.(I).当主句是一般现在时时，它的间接宾语从句时态不变。直接引语间接引语一般现在时am/is/are/do/does/一般过去时was/were/did现在进行时isdoing/aredoing过去进行时was/weredoing现在完成时has/havedone过去完成时haddone一般将来时willdo/aregoingtodo一般过去时woulddo/was/weregoingto一般过去时was/did/were过去完成时haddone过去完成时haddone过去完成时haddonePractice:1.Themansaid,“Ialwaysgetupatsix.”(D)Themansaidthathealwaysgotupatsix.(I)2.“Doyougotoschoolbybus?”heaskedme.(D)Heaskedmeif/whetherIwenttoschoolbybus.(I)3.“Didyouseeherlastmonth?”hesaid.(D)Heaskedif/whetherIhadseenhertheweekbefore.4.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindthecat,father?Heaskedhisfatherhowhisfatherhadfoundthecat.5.Hesaidtome,“I’veleftmykeyathome.”(D)Hetoldmethathehadlefthiskeyathome.6.Hesaidtous,“HowmanytimeshaveyoueverbeentoGuilin?”(D)HeaskedushowmanytimeswehadeverbeentoGuilin.7.Shesaidtome,“Willyouhelpme?”Sheaskedmeif/whetherIwouldhelpher.