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J.Cent.SouthUniv.Technol.(2011)18:946−952DOI:10.1007/s11771−011−0785−4Designmethodsofheadedstudsforcompositedecksofthroughsteelbridgesinhigh-speedrailwayHOUWen-qi(侯文崎),YEMei-xin(叶梅新)SchoolofCivilandArchitecturalEngineering,CentralSouthUniversity,Changsha410075,China©CentralSouthUniversityPressandSpringer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2011Abstract:Aimedattwotypicalcompositefloorsystemsofthroughsteelbridgesinhighspeedrailway,designmethodsofheadedstudswereputforwardfordifferentcompositemembersthroughcomparingandanalyzingthestructure,mechanicalcharacteristicsandtransmissionroutesofdeckloads.ThesimplifiedcalculationmodelswerebroughtoutforthestuddesignofthelongitudinalgirdersandtransversegirdersinthecompositefloorsystemofNanjingDashengguanYangtzeRiverBridge(NDB).Studsweredesignedandarrangedbytakingthemiddlepanelof336mmainspanforexample.Theresultsshowthatunderdeckloads,thelongitudinalgirdersinthecompositefloorsystemofthroughsteelbridgesareintension-bendingstate,longitudinalshearforceontheinterfaceiscausedbybothlongitudinalforceof“Thefirstmechanicalsystem”andverticalbendingof“Thesecondmechanicalsystem”,andstudscanbearrangedwithequalspaceintermsoftheshearforceinrangeof0.2d(wheredisthepanellength)onthetopends.Transversegirdersinsteellongitudinalandtransversegirders-concreteslabcompositedeckareincompound-bendingstate,andout-of-planebendinghastobetakenintoaccountinthestuddesign.Inorthotropicintegralsteeldeck-concreteslabcompositedeck,out-of-planebendingoftransversegirdersisverysmallsothatitcanbeneglected,andstudsontheorthotropicintegralsteeldeckcanbearrangedaccordingtothestructuralrequirements.TheabovedesignmethodsandsimplifiedcalculationmodelshavebeenappliedinthestuddesignofNDB.Keywords:throughsteelbridge;steel-concretecompositedeck;mechanicalcharacteristics;stud;designmethod1IntroductionWiththeadvantagesofhighrigidity,lowconstructionheight,lownoises,goodvibrationabsorptionandgooddrivingcomfort,throughsteelbridgeswithcompositedeckhavegotwideapplicationsinhighspeedrailwayworldwide[1−2].Incompositedecks,concreteballastslabiscompositedwithsteelbridgefloorsystembyheadedstuds.Thoughtherearenewkindsofshearconnectors,say,PBL[3−4],theheadedstudsarestillthemostwidelyusedonesbecauseofnon-directionalstressandconvenientconstruction.Especially,inrailwaycompositebridges,thestudsareuniversallypreferred.Forhighspeedrailwaythroughsteelbridges,thestructuralformsofcompositedeckarevarious.Therearefourmainstructuralforms:1)Concreteslabcompositedwithbothsteelfloorsystemandbottomchordsofthemaintrusses;2)Concreteslabcompositedwithbottomchordsonlyatnodeareas;3)Steellongitudinalandtransversegirders-concreteballastslabcompositedeck;4)Orthotropicintegralsteeldeck-concreteballastslabcompositedeck[2].Inthelatestdecade,formostoftherailwaythroughsteelbridgesbuilt,abulidinganddesigning,type3)andtype4)arethetwomaintypesofcompositedeckadopted.Thereisnolackofsuperbridges,forexample,ØresundBridge(Denmark),Garde-AdhémarBridge(FranceTGV),WuhanTianxingzhouYangtzeRiverBridgeofWuGuangpassengerspecialline(China)andNanjingDashengguanYangtzeRiverBridge(NDB)ofBeijing−Shanghaihighspeedrailway(China)[1−2,5−7].Withtheactionofdeckloads,thedeformationofthroughsteelbridgesincludestwoparts:oneisthewholedeformationofmaintrusses,andtheotheristhedeformationofcompositefloorsystemrelativetomaintrusses[8−10].Thewholedeformationofmaintrussesismainlyverticalbending,whichmakesmostareasofthebottomchordsintensionwhilebottomchordsnearmiddlesupports(continuoussteeltruss)incompression.Thebottomchordsintensionwillbestretchedandthoseincompressionwillbeshortened.Alloftheeffectscausedbythewholedeformationofbridgesarenamed“Thefirstmechanicalsystemaction”.Theeffectscausedbythedeformationofcompositefloorsystemrelativetomaintrusses,includingverticalbendingdeformationofbottomchordsrelativetochordnodesonmaintrusses,Foundationitem:Project(2004G016-B)supportedbytheScienceandTechnologyDevelopmentProgramofRailwaysDepartment,ChinaReceiveddate:2010−10−30;Accepteddate:2011−01−06Correspondingauthor:HOUWen-qi,PhD;Tel:+86−13507319845;E-mail:[e-mail].(2011)18:946−952947transversegirderrelativetobottomchordsorchordnodesandlongitudinalgirdersrelativetotransversegirders,arenamed“Thesecondmechanicalsystemaction”.Andtheverticalbendingofconcreteslabrelativetosteeltransversegirdersandlongitudinalgirdersistheso-called“Thethirdmechanicalsystemaction”.Adoptingdifferentformsofcompositedeckinthroughsteelbridge,thecomponentsofthefloorsystemwillparticipatetheabovethreemechanicalsystemsatdifferentlevels,whichleadstodifferentdeformationsandstressstatesfordifferentcompositemembers.Evenforthesametypeofcompositedeck,differentcompositemembersshowquitedifferenceinstressstateandmostofthemareincomplexstressstatus.Theconventionaldesignmethodsofstudsarenotfullyapplicableanymore.Aimedatsteellongitudinalandtransversegirders-concreteslabcompositedeckandorthotropicintegralsteeldeck-concreteslabcompositedeck,thedeformationandstressstateofdifferentcompositemembersareanalyzedinthepresentedwork.Foreachtypeofcompos