a-few-a-little-a-bit的用法

few，afew，little，alittle，bit，abit的用法few/afew用来修饰可数名词（可数名词的复数）。作为名词性词组时afew代替复数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有；afew表示肯定意思，有几个。afewdictionaries例如：Hehasfewfriendshere,hefeelslonely.他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。Hemadefewmistakes.Myanswersarewrong.Tellmeafew.little/alittle用来修饰不可数名词。little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。alittle表示肯定意思，有一点儿。例如：Thereislittleinkinmybottle,canyougivemealittleink?我瓶里几乎没有墨水了，你能给我点吗？Thereislittlecoffeehere，isthere?作为名词性词组时，alittle，abit代替不可数名词。Thereisnomilkinmyglass，givemealittle(=abit)，please.abit和alittle都作一点儿讲，两者都只能修饰不可数名词,但用法不同。1)abit和alittle在肯定句中修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级时可以互换，表示一点儿的意思。例如:Iamalittle(=abit)cold.Thespeakerspokeupabit/alittlesoastomakehimselfheardmoreclearly.演讲者把嗓门提高了一点儿，以便使别人听得更清楚。2)alittle可以直接作定语修饰名词，而abit则要在后面加of构成短语才能作定语，例如:alittlewater=abitofwaterThereisalittle/abitoffoodleftforlunch.午饭只能吃剩下的一点食品了。3)abit和alittle在否定句中的意思恰恰相反，notabit相当于notatall(一点儿都不);notalittle相当于very(much)或extremely(很、非常)。例如:Sheisnotabittired.(=Sheisnottiredatall.)她一点都不累。Sheisnotalittletired.(=Sheisverytired.)她非常累。Sheisnotabitangry.“她一点儿也不生气。”Sheisnotalittleangry.“她很生气。”4)abitof的另一种形式是bitsof，alittle则没有这种变体。例如:Besidesthis，heusedpartofanoldarmywirelessset，andsomebitsofwood.除此之外，他还利用了一部分旧的军用无线电发报机的一部分零件和一些木片。5)alittle，abit可修饰形容词、副词的原级或比较级.afew不可.如：Heisalittle(=abit)tallerthanTom.注：abit还可写成alittlebit，abitof还可写成alittlebitof6)在有些词组中，few前也不加a，却不表示否定含义.如everyfewweeks(“每隔几周”)，anotherfewbooks(“另几本书”)quiteafew译作“许多的”，等于many，quitealittle/bit也译作“许多的”，等于much.Justafew/little/bit译作“就一点儿”，onlyafew/little/bit译作“仅仅一点儿”.7)当few，little，bit后有more时，用法为afewmore译作“另/再几个”，alittle/bitmore译作“另/再一点儿”.如Iwantafewmorebananas.Givemealittlemorefruit.练习题及答案：一、翻译Thereareafewapplesonthetable.桌子上有几个苹果。Therearefewapplesonthetable.桌子上几乎没苹果。Willyoupleaseturndowntheradioabit/alittle?请你把收音机声音关小一点好吗？She'sabit/alittleafraidoftheteacher.她有点怕老师。Hermotherfeelsabit/alittlebettertoday.(比较级)她母亲今天感觉好一些。Let'srestforabit/alittle.让我们休息一下。Tomhasalittlemoney./Tomhasabitofmoney.汤姆有一点钱。Iwanttodrinkalittleofthatdrink.我想喝点那种饮料。Hemayneedabitof[alittle]help.他也许需要点帮助。Heknowsabitof[alittle]French.他懂一点点法语。Heisnotabitworried.他一点也不着急。I’mnotalittletired.我很累了。Hewasnotalittleangry.他非常生气。Pleasewaitalittle/abit.Theweatherisabit/alittle/alittlebitcold.I’mabit/alittle/alittlebittired.Betterdriveabit/alittle/alittlebitslower二、用abit/alittle填空1．Hurry.thereis____timeleft.2．Theystillwentonworking,fortheywerenot___tired.3.Hewenttosleepsoon,forhewasnot_____tired.4.I’vegotonly___ofmoneywithmetoday.I’mafraidIcan’thelpyou.答案：1.alittle；2.abit；3.alittle；4.abit三、选择题1．Shewasveryhappy.Sheinthemathstest.A.makesafewmistakeB.madeafewmistakesC.madefewmistakesD.makesfewmistake2.Itisinteresting,butdifficultforme.A.littleB.alittleC.fewD.afew3.—Isthat________interestingbook?—Yes,butitis___________difficult.A.an,alittleB.a,abitC.a,alittleD.an,little4.—Arethenewrulesworking?—Yes.________booksarestolen.A.FewB.MoreC.SomeD.None2.—Wouldyoulikesomewine?—Yes,just________.A.littleB.verylittleC.alittleD.littlebit3.Ifwehadfollowedtheplan,wecouldhavedonethejobbetterwith________moneyand________people.A.less;lessB.fewer;fewerC.less;fewerD.fewer;less