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当前位置:首页 > 中学教育 > 初中教育 > 英语人教版2014中考考点精讲课件(语法篇) 定语从句
第1页第35讲定语从句第2页•【名题实战】•1.Ican'tfindthebook__C__mymotherboughtme.(2013,鞍山)•A.whoB.whenC.whichD.what•2.—Look!Thatisthewoman__B__Imetyesterday.•—Oh?She'smyaunt.(2013,湛江)•A.whatB.whoC.whereD.when•3.Thisistheschool__A__wevisitedlastyear.(2013,黄石)•A.thatB.whereC.whoD.whose•【考点梳理】•中考对定语从句的考查主要集中在定语从句的功能,结构和关系词的用法上,重点考查由that,which,who引导的定语从句。第3页•高频考向一定语从句的关系词•定语从句在句中作定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系代词who,whom,that,which,whose或关系副词when,where,why等引出。•①who,whom,that代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如:•Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?他是想见你的那个人吗?•Heistheman(who/whom/that)Isawyesterday.他是昨天我看到的那个人。•②which,that代替的先行词是指代事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如:•Marylikesmusicthat/whichisquietandgentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。•Thecoat(that/which)Iputonthedeskisblue.我放桌子上的外套是蓝色的。•③whose用来指人或物。(只用作定语)如:•Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.请把封面是绿色的那本书递给我。•④关系副词有when,where,why,它们在句中作状语。如:第4页•I'llneverforgetthedayswhenwestudiedtogether.我永远忘不了我们一起学习的那些日子。•Thisisthecitywheremyfatherworkedtenyearsago.这是我爸十年前工作的城市。•Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool?•你知道他上学迟到的原因吗?•【例1】—DoyouknowMoYan?•—Ofcourse.Heisthefamouswriter________wontheNobelPrizein2012.(2013,福州)•A.whoB.whomC.which•解析:考查定语从句关系词。先行词是writer,指人,且在从句中作主语,故应用关系代词who。•答案:__A__•【例2】Pleasepassmethecartoonbook________hasaMickeyMouseonthecover.(2012,天津)•A.whomB.whoseC.whoD.which•解析:先行词是book,指物,因此关系词用which.第5页•答案:__D__•【例3】Thisistheprimaryschool________Istudiedthreeyearsago.(2012,宜宾)•A.whereB.whenC.thatD.which•解析:先行词school在定语从句中作studied的地点状语。•答案:__A__•高频考向二关系词只能用that而不用which的情况•①当先行词前被形容词最高级修饰时。如:•ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesthatIhaveeverseen.这是我所看过的足球赛中最激烈的一场。•②当先行词前有一个序数词修饰时。如:•Thefirstthingthatyoucoulddowastoturnoffthelight.你首先要做的就是关灯。•③当先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much,none等不定代词时(something后也可用which)。如:第6页•AllthatwehavetodoforourstudentsistotellthemhowtospeakEnglishinclass.我们为学生所要做的事情就是告诉他们如何在课上说英语。•I'mgoingtobuyeverythingthatIneed.我要去买我所需要的一切东西。•④当先行词前面有only,all,any,no等词修饰时。如:•That'sallthatIwanttosay.这就是我所有想说的。•⑤当并列的先行词分别表示人和物时。如:•Theyaretalkingaboutthingsandpersonsthattheyremembered.他们正在谈论他们所能回忆起来的人或事。•【例4】ThePalaceMuseumisthebestplace________I'veevervisited.(2013,十堰)•A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what•解析:在先行词place前有形容词最高级best修饰,关系词只能用that。•答案:__A__第7页•【例5】Lookattheboyandhisdog________arecomingthisway.•A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whom•解析:先行词是由人与物组成时,关系代词用that。•答案:__C__•高频考向三关系词只能用who(whom)而不用that的情况•①当先行词为all,any或其合成词或afew且指人时。如:•Anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.任何违法的人都会受到惩罚。•②当先行词为that,this,those或these且指人时。如:•Thosewhohadn'tboughttheticketsforthetraincrowdedinthewaitinghall.那些还没买着票的人拥挤在候车厅里。第8页•③当先行词在定语从句中作宾语或表语时,在口语中用who或whom引导均可,但如直接位于介词后作宾语时,只能用whom。如:•Theguest(who/whom)I'llfirstintroducetoyouisalittlegirl.我首先要介绍给你们的客人是一位小姑娘。•Imetafewfriendsofmine,amongwhomwasmyoldclassmate.我遇见几位朋友,其中一位是我的老同学。•【例6】Successwillbelongtothose________neversay“impossible”.(2012,河南)•A.whomB.whatC.whoD.which•解析:先行词those,故关系代词用who。•答案:__C__
本文标题:英语人教版2014中考考点精讲课件(语法篇) 定语从句
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