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当前位置:首页 > 中学教育 > 初中教育 > 9.动词-非谓语动词-动词不定式做宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语
动词不定式动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形“,有时可以不带to.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语。在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。构成:to+do(动词原形)用法:1.用作宾语(v.+todo)Iwanttobuyacomputer.Shehopestofindabetterjob.Iwishtogowithyou.needtodolearntodoagreetodoplantododecidetodorefusetodobegintodostarttodotrytodoforgettodoremembertodoliketodoStoptodogoontodo2.用作宾语补足语:(v.+sb.+todo)Sheaskedmetohelpher.Theteachertoldhimtocomeontime.Edison’smothertaughthimtoreadandwrite.wantsbtodowishsbtodogetsbtodoordersbtodofindsbtobelikesbtodowouldlikesbtodohelpsbtodo作宾语补足语不带to的情况:常见动词有:一感:feel二听:listento,hear三让:let,make,have四看:see,lookat,watch,notice比较:Isawhercrossingthestreet.Isawhercrossthestreet.3.用作状语(adverbial):Iwenttheretoseemyteacher.ShecamebacktogetherEnglishbook.Theboxwastooheavytomove.(目的)(目的)(结果)4.用作主语1.Tobeanactressismydream.2.Togoabroadishisdream.3.Tosayiseasy,todoisdifficult.(这时可将其用形式主语it来替换)Itismydreamtobeanactress.Itishisdreamtogoabroad.Itiseasytosay,itisdifficulttodo.句型•It’s+adj+ofsb+todosth.Eg:你能邀请我,你真是太善良了。It’sverykindofyoutoinvitme.若形容词是描述人的性格、品质的,如kind,good,nice,right,wrong,clever,careless,polite,foolish等,用ofsb.Eg:你真聪明,解出了这道数学题。It’scleverofyoutoworkoutthemathsproblem.•It’s+adj+forsb+todosth.•若形容词是描述事物的性质,用forsb.这类•形容词有difficult,easy,hard,important,•dangerous,(im)possible等。•Eg:对孩子们来说,穿过繁忙的街道很危险。•It’sverydangerousforchildrentocrossthebusystreet.•Eg:对我们来说,完成这项工作很困难。•It’sdifficultforustofinishthework.5.用作表语Hisworkistofeedtheanimals.Herjobistolookafterthepatients.Mywishistobeascientist.6.用作定语Givemesomethingtodrink.Theyhavemuchfoodtoeat.(这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。若是不及物动词,介词不能省略)Heaskedforaroomtolivein.Idon’thaveapentowritewith.7.疑问词who,what,which,where,when,how加todo可构成不定式短语,在句中可用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.Idon’tknowwhattodo.Hecantellyouwheretogetthebook.Thequestioniswho(m)toask.(主语)(宾语)(宾语补足语)(表语)比较(Compare)Idon’tknowwhattodo.Idon’tknowhowtodoit.Idon’tknowwhattodoaboutit.说出句子中的不定式,及在句中做什么成分:1.Ittakesyoutenminutestogetthere.2.Ihopetoseehimsoon.3.Hiswishistobecomeanartist.4.Peopleeattolive,butnotlivetoeat.5.Ihavealottotellyou.6.It’snotrighttobealwaysthinkingofoneself.7.Weoftenseehimplayfootball.定语主语状语表语宾语主语宾语补足语Exercise1跳舞非常有趣。2种些植物是非常有必要的。3说英语对我来说并不容易。4听到你的声音真高兴。Todanceisalotoffun.Itisalotoffuntodance.Togrowplantsisveryimportant.Tohearyourvoiceissonice.TospeakEnglishisnoteasyforme.Itissonicetohearyourvoice.Exercise1我的工作是每天打扫这间屋子。2最上策的计划就是马上离开这儿。3我的梦想就是成为一名科学家。Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.Thebestplanistoleaveatonce.Mydreamistobeascientist.Exercise1他想借用我的录音机。2他们开始读和写。3李琳喜欢玩什么?她喜欢踢足球。4你长大了想做什么?Hewantstoborrowmyradio.Theybegantoreadandwrite.WhatsportsdoesLiLinliketoplay?Shelikestoplaysoccer.Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?1我有许多书要看。2她有几个问题要问。3他有一台电视要修。4.我没什么可担心的。Ihavemanybookstoread.Shehasafewquestionstoask.HehasaTVsettorepair.Ihavenothingtoworryabout.5他是一个值得信赖的人。6爱迪生是第一个发明电灯的人。7他那生病母亲最多可活三个月。Heisamantobelievein.Edisonwasthefirstmantoinventthelights.Hissickmotherhasthreemonthstoliveatmost.Theylookedforhimeverywhereandfoundhim__underthetree.a.liesb.lyingc.layd.lain√考点:see/hear/find/watchsb.dosth.(看见某人做了某事)See/hear/find/watchsb.doingsth.(看见某人正在做某事)Isawhim__thesupermarketjustnow.a.enteredb.enteringc.enterd.toenter√Thegirlwhosoldmatcheswasfound___thenextmorning.a.dieb.dyingc.diedd.dead√-Doyouremember___mesomewhereinHangzhou?-Yes.Ithinkthat’s2yearsago.a.seeb.seeingc.toseed.saw√forget/remembertodosth.forget/rememberdoingsth.stop/goontodosthstop/goondoingsthThescientiststopped__tomethoughhewasbusy.a.talkingb.totalkc.tohavetalkd.havingtalk√Themoreyouthinkaboutit,themorequestionsyouwillthinkof__.a.askb.askedc.askingd.toask√考点:todo表示目的Thedoctordidwhathecould__thatchild.a.saveb.tosavec.savedd.saving√Ihavenopen____.a.writingb.writingwithc.towritewithd.writing√todo作定语,如是不及物动词构成不定式短语作定语,其后需接介词
本文标题:9.动词-非谓语动词-动词不定式做宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语
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