人邮计算机英语第三版课后习题答案

1Unit1〖Ex.1〗根据课文内容回答问题(1)Ageneral-purposecomputerhasfourmainsections.Theyarethearithmeticandlogicunit(ALU),thecontrolunit,thememory,andtheinputandoutputdevices,collectivelytermedI/O.Theyareinterconnectedbybusses,oftenmadeofgroupsofwires.(2)Thecontrolunitisoftencalledacontrolsystemorcentralcontroller.(3)●Readthecodeforthenextinstructionfromthecellindicatedbytheprogramcounter.●Decodethenumericalcodefortheinstructionintoasetofcommandsorsignalsforeachoftheothersystems.●Incrementtheprogramcountersoitpointstothenextinstruction.●Readwhateverdatatheinstructionrequiresfromcellsinmemory,orperhapsfromaninputdevice.Thelocationofthisrequireddataistypicallystoredwithintheinstructioncode.●ProvidethenecessarydatatoanALUorregister.●IftheinstructionrequiresanALUorspecializedhardwaretocomplete,instructthehardwaretoperformtherequestedoperation.●WritetheresultfromtheALUbacktoamemorylocationortoaregisterorperhapsanoutputdevice.●Jumpbacktothefirststep.(4)ThetwoclassesofoperationsALUiscapableofperformingarearithmeticandlogic.(5)LogicoperationsinvolveBooleanlogic:AND,OR,XORandNOT.(6)Acomputer'smemorycanbeviewedasalistofcellsintowhichnumberscanbeplacedorread.Eachcellhasanumberedaddressandcanstoreasinglenumber.(7)ThetwoprincipalvarietiesofcomputermainmemoryarerandomaccessmemoryorRAMandread-onlymemoryorROM.(8)InaPC,thespecializedprogramcalledtheBIOSorchestratesloadingthecomputer'soperatingsystemfromtheharddiskdriveintoRAMwheneverthecomputeristurnedonorreset.(9)SoftwarethatisstoredinROMisoftencalledfirmwarebecauseitisnotionallymorelikehardwarethansoftware.(10)I/Oisthemeansbywhichacomputerreceivesinformationfromtheoutsideworldandsendsresultsback.〖Ex.2〗根据下面的英文解释，写出相应的英文词汇(1)input(2)microprocessor(3)program(4)bus(5)hardware(6)memory(7)output(8)cell(9)register(10)address〖Ex.3〗把下列句子翻译为中文(1)他进城的目的是买一台新计算机。(2)大多数在线服务都有自己的浏览器。(3)软盘可以是双倍密度的或者高密度的。(4)公式包括单元的地址。(5)C语言也许最适宜被称为“中级语言”。(6)每一个浏览器都有内置的功能来理解HTML。(7)C语言是世界上最流行的计算机语言之一。(8)Java技术既是一种编程语言，也是一个平台。(9)实际上，一个视窗管理器可以被看作是命令行操作系统的图形用户界面。(10)数据库管理系统处理用户对数据库的操作请求。〖Ex.5〗将下列词填入适当的位置（每词只用一次）(1)hardware(2)operate(3)device(4)other(5)effective(6)moving(7)considered(8)designer(9)exists(10)speed〖Ex.6〗根据课文内容回答问题2(1)Thecomputerenclosureisusedtoprotectthecomponentsandcircuitryhousedthereinfromphysicaldamage,andtopreventelectromagneticsignalsgeneratedbycomponentsofthecomputerfromescapingandcausingelectromagneticinterference(EMI)tootherelectronicdevicesinthevicinityofthecomputer.(2)Atypicalcomputerenclosureincludesachassis,anexpansioncardseat,afrontbezelandapluralityofcomponentsconnectabletoexternalapparatusandsystems.(3)Ageneralcomputersystemisbasicallybuiltwithamotherboard,interfacecardsandperipherals.(4)Themotherboardisthephysicalarrangementthatcontainsthesystem'sbasiccircuitryandcomponents.(5)Memoryisasemiconductorstoragedeviceforholdingprogramsordata.There'rethreebasicformsofmemories.Theyaredynamicstorage,non-volatilememoryandstaticmemory.Indynamicstorage,datamustbeconstantlyrefreshedanddataareerasedwhenpowerisnolongerappliedtothecell.Innon-volatilememory,dataremainspermanentlyinthecellevenwhenpowerisnotapplied,andinstaticmemorydatadoesnotneedtoberefreshedbutitsdataislostwhenpowerisnolongerappliedtothecell.(6)RAMdiffersfromROMinthatwhenpowerisdisconnectedfromRAM,thedatastoredinrandomaccessmemoryislostwhereaswhenpowerisdisconnectedfromROMthedatastoredinreadonlymemoryremains.(7)ROMcanbefurthercategorizedintoaprogrammablereadonlymemory(PROM),erasableprogrammablereadonlymemory(EPROM),andelectricallyerasableprogrammablereadonlymemory(EEPROM).Whereas,RAMcanbefurthercategorizedintoastaticrandomaccessmemory(SRAM)andadynamicrandomaccessmemory(DRAM).(8)Acomputerdataprocessorisoftenreferredtoasamicroprocessor.Amicroprocessorisacircuitthatcombinestheinstruction-handling,arithmetic,andlogicaloperationsofacomputeronasinglesemiconductorintegratedcircuit.Microprocessorscanbegroupedintotwogeneralclasses,namelygeneral-purposemicroprocessorsandspecial-purposemicroprocessors.(9)Aharddiskdrive(HDD)isadevicethatstoresorreproducesdatainadesiredstoragelocationbymovingitsmagneticheadtothedesiredlocationinaheadloadstate.Theharddiskdriveisstandardequipmentforpersonalcomputer,serverorindustrialcomputer.(10)Generally,theHDDiselectricallyconnectedwithamotherboardofthecomputerbymeansofasignalcableassemblyandapowercableassemblyinterconnectedbetweenthemotherboardandtheswitchingpowersupply.Unit2〖Ex.1〗根据课文内容回答问题(1)Acathoderaytube(CRT)displaysapicturebydisplayingapluralityofpixelsonascreenusingelectricchargeswhicharedischargedfromacathoderaytubeandimpactafluorescentplate.(2)CRTmonitorsarelargeandbulkyduetothelargevacuumtubesthatenclosethecathodeandextendfromthecathodetothefaceplateofthedisplay.Additionally,CRTsrequirearelativelyhighvoltagepowersupplytosufficientlyaccelerateelectronbeamsfordisplayingimages.(3)Theflatpaneldisplaymayincludealiquidcrystaldisplay(LCD),aplasmadisplaypanel(PDP),anorganiclightemittingdisplay(OLED),andafieldemissiondisplay(FED),etc.(4)Aprinterisanimageformationdevicewhichreceivesdatafromahostcomputerandthenformsacorre