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高三英语综合复习的科学设计与有效教学黄石二中李朝辉科学设计一、教学设计的内涵二、教学设计的界定三、教学设计的依据四、复习课课堂教学设计的教学意义五、课堂设计的要素六、课堂教学设计的模型一、教学设计的内涵教学设计就是教师根据正确的教学思想和教育原理,按照一定的教学目的和要求,针对具体的教学对象、学科和教材,对教学的整个程序及其具体环节、总体结构及其有关层面所作出的预期的行之有效的策划。它是教师教育思想、思维流程和教学艺术的体现。二、教学设计的界定教学设计(instructionaldesign)是对课堂教学过程进行科学化,最优化,显性化,系统性设计的现代教育技术.教学不仅是一门学科,也是一门艺术。这样的教学设计可分为宏观设计(如一门课程设计coursedesign,总体课程设计curriculumdesign)和微观设计(如一节课的设计lessondesign,几节相关课的设计aweek'sdesign)。三、教学设计的依据在教学中,不论是宏观设计还是微观设计,不论是整堂课的设计还是片断的设计,我们都应以学科教学理论为依据四、课堂教学设计的教学意义为中小学教师提供一种科学的,便于操作的教学技术手段,促使教师将以学生为中心,以教学过程为重点,以教学效率和教学效果为目的等重要的教育思想显性地凸现出来,从不自觉的教学行为发展成自觉的教学行为五、课堂设计的要素1.课堂教学设计要与本节课的教学目的和内容紧密结合。2.课堂教学设计要具有趣味性和多样性。3.语言课课堂教学设计要体现交际性原则。其他课程教学设计要体现应用原则。4.课堂教学设计应充分考虑现代教学手段。5.课堂教学设计要精心设疑提问。六、课堂教学设计的模型开展课堂教学活动,教师无论教什么内容,总要首先对教学进行一番认真细致的构想和设计,然后通过加工整理,把这种构想的轨迹、设计的思路用文字符号记载下来,形成教案—--教学模型。案例1“复习定语从句”课堂教学设计I.指导思想:1.坚持以学生为中心,以任务为主的教学原则(Learner-centered,task-basedlearning);2.创造使用英语的机会,“学以致用”,贯彻英语学习的交际性原则(Communicative-learning);3.教师的作用:设计者、研究者、组织者、促进者、协调者。II.课堂教学步骤:StepOne:Presentthetask:Reviewtheattributiveclause.Problems:Correctthesentences:Theboyisnaughty,heisyourbrother.StepTwo:PracticeStepThree:ProductionTask:Tellastoryinwhichyoushoulduseatleastfivedifferentkindsofsentences.StepFour:AssignmentWhrtedownthestory.案例2:高三英语复习中,每个单元的复习流程【写summary】每个早自习让学生跟读课文,然后在课堂上让学生填写本单元的thesummaryoftheunit(老师自己编写,有的与课文内容有关,有的与词汇用法有关),重在整体理解课文和词汇。【写words】接着,给出本单元重点和考点单词的英语definition,让学生写单词,紧接着让学生做填词练习(抽1-2名学生上黑板写),不太好写的单词给首字母提示。【写phrases】之后,列出本单元的短语(只要是教材上出现的,无论是SB还是WB上的,都找出来复习),方法是老师口述学生写。学生一边写老师一边讲。除了讲课本意义外,还要归纳搜集常考意义的高考考题,告诉学生常考的方法和词义(如:holdup;takeone’sside)。采取这种方法学生听的兴趣浓些收效大些。【wordstudy】老师搜集本单元的大纲词汇、考点词汇重点讲,讲用法、搭配、异同。HawkhascontinuedtoSEEKanswerstoQsaboutthenatureoftheuniverse.这里就要讲seek/lookfor/search/searchfor的异同。区分异同的例句由老师口述学生写。Tomislookingfor/searchingfor/seekinghisglasses.Itwastoodarktosearchfurther.Tomislookingfor/seekinghisglassesintheroom.Tomissearchingtheroomforhisglasses.Ashecoughstoomuch,heshouldseekmedicaladvice.AtthattimemanyyoungpeoplewenttoYan’antoseektruth.【sentencecompletion】最后,每个单元出20个完成句子供学生练习,老师收起来批改(不让学生改!),错的题还要让学生重抄,然后再交老师检查,这样下来学生才能落实。Unit1SBIIAMakingadifference①ThesummaryoftheunitWehaveonlyoneworld,which_______toallofus.Weshouldnotonlyprotectit,butalsotrytodosomethingto_______it,andthuswecanlivea______,______and______life.Somepeople,especiallysomegreat____________,___________,__________or_________andsoon,theyhavemadegreat_____________tothedevelopmentofthesocietyin________ways.Asforus________people,weshouldtryourbesttodowhatwecan,asevena___wedocanmakeadifference,andifweputthebits________,ourlifewillbe________daybyday.(belongs/improve/better/easier/longer/businessmen/discovers/politicians/scientists/contributions/different/ordinary/bit/together/different)②Words•A.Writeoutthewordsaccordingtotheirdefinitions•1.showingsignsofbeingsuccessfulorgoodinthefuture(promising)•2.best(top)•3.lookfor(seek)•4.(afeelingof)uncertaintyaboutsomething,especiallyabouthowgoodortrueitis(doubt)B.Fillinthemissingwords•1.Hisdisappointmentwas_________toeveryone.Didn’tyouseeit?(obvious)•2._______istheforcewhichattractsobjectstowardsthecentreoftheearth.(Gravity)•3.Sheusually_______advicefromherfatherwhenyoung.(sought)•4.Sciencehasno_________.Alltheworldcanshareit.(boundary)•5.Don’tbetoo________aboutthingsyouarenotsupposedtoknow.(curious)•6.Thesetwosignaturesarevery________;canyoutellthemapart?(similar)•7.Thelittleboyclimbedontothetreeandsatona_________.(branch)•8.Themostrecentsurveyofrarebirdwas____________in1991.(undertaken)•9.Theseeventsprovidedthei_________forherfirstnovel.(inspiration)(analysis)•10.Oura______showsthatthecompany’sfailurewascausedbylackofinvestment.•11.Theschoolisw____5minuteswalkofmyhouse;Igotoitonfooteveryday.•12.Is______thenewspaperwhileIwaitedforthetrain.(scanned)(within)③Phrases•Listening•热衷于…beonfirefor•与…相似besimilarto•有…相同之处have…incommon•Speaking•一门科学abranchofscience•毫无疑问…Thereisnodoubtthat…Reading•做…没有意义/用处…Thereisnopointindoingsth•做…workon•(时间)过去;(机会)错过goby•与…订婚getengagedto•梦想…dreamof…•在20世纪70年代初期intheearly1970s•发现makediscoveries•寻找问题的答案seekanswerstothequestions•另一方面ontheotherhand•结果是,证明是turnout(tobe)•检测理论testthetheory•对…感到高兴behappywithsth•Languagestudy•用完useup•Grammar•应该做besupposedtodoIntegratingskills•与众不同/产生差别makeadifference•对…感到满意besatisfiedwith•如果…将会怎样whatif•被形容成…bedescribedas•一直,始终allthetime•随不同的季节而变化changefromseasontoseason•相反地theotherwayaround•达到目的reachone’sgoalsWorkbook•支撑holdup•对…感到好奇becuriousabout•清理cleanup•与某人结婚marrysb•(P.85)•向某人道歉apologizetosb•以…取代…replacesthwithsth•(P.86)•知道,找出workout•参与,站在…一边takeside•催促某人做某事urgesbtodo•看到…的结局seeanendtosth•掌权comeintopower•带走take…away•离开某地去…leavesomeplaceforsomeotherplace④Wordstudy•Comparison•Hawkhascontinuedtoseekanswerstoquestionsaboutthenatureoftheuniverse.•seeklookforsearchfor•Tomislookingfor/searchingfor/seekinghisglasses.•Itwastoodarktosearchfurther.•Tomislookingfor/seekinghisglassesintheroom.•Tomissearchingtheroomforhisglasses.•Ashecoughstoomuch,heshouldseekmedicaladvice.•AtthattimemanyyoungpeoplewenttoYan’antoseektruth.•Thechurchsaidthattheearthwast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