{精品}名词性从句课件 (1)

辨别下列名词性从句的类别：1.Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.2.JohnsaidthathewasleavingforLondononWednesday.3.Thefactisthathehasnotbeenseenrecently.4.Thefactthathehasnotbeenseenrecentlydisturbseveryoneinhisoffice.5.HewilltalktousaboutwhathesawinU.S.6.ItisimpossiblethatIgoandattendthemeeting.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句宾语从句主语从句名词性从句名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that,whether,if连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.连接副词：when,where,how,why1。that只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义，宾语从句中可省略2。不充当介宾3。引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,that不可省略。That/wh-clause+v+…主语从句S+be/link.v+that/wh-clause表语从句S+vt+that/wh-clause宾语从句S+vi+prep+wh-clause宾语从句一．主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。1.It作形式主语It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。例如：Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.Itdoesn’tinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.what引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that则不然。例如：1)______yousaidyesterdayisright.2)______sheisstillaliveisagoodthing.Itisrightwhatyousaidyesterday.Itisagoodthingthatsheisstillalive.WhatThat2.what与that在引导主语从句时的区别二．宾语从句宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。1.作动词的宾语(1)由that引导的宾语从句(that通常可以省略),例如：Iheardthathejoinedthearmy.(2)由what,whether(if)引导的宾语从句，例如：Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.Iwonderwhetheryoucanchangethisnoteforme.(3)动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如：Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.2.作介词的宾语，例如：Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperate(合作）withoneanother.3.作形容词的宾语，例如：Iamafraid(that)I’vemadeamistake.Iamsure(that)hewillwinthegame.4.it可以作为形式宾语it不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。例如：Wethoughtitgoodnewsthatthefoghadfinallygone.5.否定的转移若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：________________________________我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。Idon’tthinkthedressfitsyouwell三．表语从句表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。另外，常用的还有thereasonisthat…和Itisbecause等结构。例如：1)Thequestionis_________wecanmakegoodpreparationinsuchashorttime.2)Thisis____wecan’tgetthesupportofthepeople.3)Butthefactremains___wearebehindtheotherclasses.4)Thereason______heislateforschoolis____hemissedtheearlybus.whether/howwhythatwhythat四．同位语从句1.同位语从句的功能同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如：1)Theking’sdecisionthattheprisonerwouldbesetfreesurprisedallthepeople.2)Theorderthatallthesoldiersshouldstaystillisgivenbythegeneral.同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。2.同位语在句子中的位置同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如：HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.3.同位语从句与定语从句的区别(1)定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。(2)定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述它的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行具体内容的补充说明。例如：1)ThenewsthathetoldmeisthatTomwouldgoabroadnextyear.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）2)ThenewsthatTomwouldgoabroadistoldbyhim.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）whether与if均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下，whether不能被if所取代：1.主语从句Whetherhewillcomeisunknown.2.表语从句，如：Thequestioniswhetheryoushouldacceptit.3.同位语从句，如：Thequestionwhetherhe’llattendthemeetingisnotdecided.4.从句作介词的宾语，如：I’mnotinterestedinwhetherthey’llgoornot.Itdependsonwhetherwehavegotenoughmoney.5.直接跟不定式连用，如：Shehasn’tdecidedwhethertogoornot.用if或whether填空1.Idon’tknow__________I’llbefreetomorrow.2.Idon’tknow_______ornotI’llbefreetomorrow.3.Thequestionis______thisbookisworthwriting.4.Itdependson______wewillhaveenoughmoney.5.______theycandoitmatterslittletous.6._______youarenotfreetomorrow,I’llgowithoutyou.whether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherWhetherIf同位语从句定语从句that（连词）只起连接的作用,不充当句子成分that(关系代词)充当一定的句子成分(主，宾，表）同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，表示这个名词的内容定语从句对先行词起修饰作用，表示“…的”。同位语从句的that一般不能省而定语从句中的关系代词that，当其在从句中做宾语时，常常可以省略that在同位语从句与定语从句的区别（I）试比较下面两个例句:1.Thesuggestionthatheraisedatthemeetingisverygood.2.Thesuggestionthatthestudentsshouldhaveplentyofexerciseisverygood.（that引导定语从句,作宾语,可以省略）（that引导同位语从句,在从句中不担当任何成分，但不可以省略）辨别下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句1.Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.2.Wemustfacethefactthatwehadspentallourmoney.3.Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywasfalse.4.Ihavenodoubtthathewillcomesoon.5.Thefactisthatwehavespentallourmoney.同位语从句同位语从句定语从句同位语从句表语从句翻译以下句子，并指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种。1.Whathewantsisabook.2.Itissonicethatwecanlearnthisgrammarpointtogether.3.I’msogladthatIcanmakefriendswithyou.4.Thisiswhyhedidit.5.Doyouagreetothesuggestionthatwe(should)haveatripinTibet?6.Thathewantsabookiscertain.7.Isuggestedjustnowwe(should)takepartinthisactivity.8.Whetheryoulikehimornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.9.Hedoesn’tknowwhetheryoucansingitwell.10.Theproblemiswhetheryoucansingitwell.11.Theproblemwhetheritisrightorwronghasnotbeendecided.12.Pleasetellmewhoyourmonitoris.主语从句主语从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句1.what/thata.____hesaidatthemeetingsurprisedus.b._____hespoke（发言）atthemeetingsurprisedus.2.if/whether_______yougoorstayathomewon’tmakeanydifferences.3.Whatapity_____is_____youdidn’tarrivebydaylight.A.there,becauseB.it,thatC.he,whenD.that,for4.nomatterhow/who/what/where/whenWearereadytodo______thecountrywantsustodo.A.whatB.whichC.nomatterwhatD.whateverWhatThatWhetherBD高考再现1.(NMET1995)isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguag