杨松一、基金协定责任制度的构造及其功能分析

X:,,,:1944(),(),,,,,,,,,,,1,721X1,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,:11,,221,,,,,3,:(1),,,4,,;5(2),14;6(3);7(4);8(5)931(SpecialDrawingRights,SDRs)SDRs,SDRs10SDRs,SDRs1141,70%,1251,85%,13,1415SDRs,SDRs,SDRs821200032456789101112131415c8c7262(c)9232(b)232(a)262(a)c8c714361(b)61(a)355©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.16,,,SDRs,;SDRs,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,92116241(b),2(a)©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,SDRs,SDRsSDRsSDRs,,(),SDRs,SDRs17,,,,,,18,(,SDRs),()(),,,,,,,,,,,,SDRs,,19,,SDRs,,SDRs,,SDRs,SDRs,,SDRs,70%,85%,,,20,,,,,,,0312000317181920,770%,14020%,IMFAnnualReport1997,1715%:,1996,134232(e)SDRsSDRs,,SDRs,SDRs,SDRs,,,17181920©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,21,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(StandbyArrangement),22,23,,,,:,(),,24,,,25,,:,,;,,,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,26,,,,,,131212223242526,:,:1,1998;:,19995SeeJosephGold,TheRuleofLawintheInternationalMonetaryFund.PamphletSeries.No.32,P28SeeJosephGold,LegalandInstitutionalAspectsoftheInternationalMonetarySystem:SelectedEssays.(Washing2ton,1979),PP.171-177:,:1,,199830IMFSurvey.1992©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,,,,,,,,:,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,27,,,,,28,,,,,,,,,,,,?,,,,?231200032728[]:,1995,401[],:1996,105,©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.?,,,,,,??,29,,,30,AB,B,,,,,,,,,?(),,:;,(impliedpower),;,()1944,,,,,,,,?,?,,31,32(thedoctrineofimpliedpowersofinternation2alorganizations),,,,,,,33129303132SeeEdwardGordon,TheWorldCourtandtheInterpretationofConstitutiveTreaties,59Am.J.Intl.L.794,816-21(1965).SeeJohnW.Head,SuspensionofDebtorCountriesVotingRightsintheIMF:AnAssessmentoftheThirdAmend2menttotheIMFCharter.VirginiaJ.IntlL.Vol.33(1993).IbidSeeJosephGold,UnauthorizedChangesofParValueandFluctuatingExchangeRatesintheBrettonWoodsStys2tem,Am.J.IntlL.Vol.65(1971),PP.120-121©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,33,,?,,???,,,,,,?,?,?,:,;,,,,,,,,,,6,,,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,4312000333SeeKennethW.Dam,TheRulesoftheGame:ReformandEvolutionintheInternationalIMonetarySystem(1982)P71-114.alsoseeAnthonyDAmato,InternationalLaw:ProcessandProspect16(1987),inBurnsH.Westonetal.,InternationalLawandWorldOrder34-35(2ded.1990).©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.34,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,35,(),,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,5313435JosephGoldnecessarycriterionappropriatecriterion(),,,SeeJosephGold,Interpretation:TheIMF&theInternationalLaw.KluwerL.Pub.1996.P46.,RobertC.Effros,CurrentLegalIssuesAffectingCentralBanks,Vol.5,IMF.Apr.1998P523;:,2000,361©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,199641,148,,,,Abstract:Thispaperanalysesthevariousactivities,whichformthebreachoflegalresponsibilityoftheAgreementoftheIMF,anddescribesthetwomethodsofsettingthedefaults.Theauthorex2plorestheeffectoftheresponsibilitysystem,andanalysesemphaticallytheeffectofimpliedpow2er.Inconclusion,theauthorgivessomeconstructiveopinionsaboutthepoliciesandpracticesofforeignexchangeinChina.,,,:,,,,63120003©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.