英语单复数变换

一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式，是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。读音变化：结尾是清辅音读[s]，结尾是浊辅音或元音读[z]。例：friend→friends;cat→cats;style→styles;sport→sports;piece→pieces二、凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词，在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。读音变化：统一加读[iz]。例：bus→buses;quiz→quizzes;fox→foxes;match→matches;flash→flashes三、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，将y改变为i，再加-es。读音变化：加读[z]。例：candy→candies;daisy→daisies;fairy→fairies;lady→ladies;story→stories四、以-o结尾的名词，如果不是外来词或缩写，就加-es，否则加-s构成复数。读音变化：加读[z]。例：tomato→tomatoes;potato→potatoes;torpedo→torpedoes;bingo→bingoes反例：;piano→pianos（外来词）;photo→photos;五、以-f或-fe结尾的名词，多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves，但有例外。读音变化：尾音[f]改读[vz]。例：knife→knives;life→lives;leaf→leaves;staff→staves;scarf→scarves反例：roof→roofs六、部分单词的复数形式不变。读音变化：保持原音。例：fish→fish;sheep→sheep;cattle→cattle;deer→deer;七、极少数单词，其复数形式没有任何规律。读音变化：没有规律。例：man→men;woman→women;child→children;person→people;ox→oxen公牛八、一些单数词得改头换面一番,才能变成复数词例：foot→feet;man→menmouse→mice;tooth→teeth;woman→women十、一些名词虽分单数、复数，但出现次数多的总是单数词例：abscence;clothing;film;help;furniture家具;machinery机械;news;scenery风景;sugar;traffic交通十一、另一些名词则以复数词出现的机会较多例：bellows风箱;clothes;police;shorts短裤;scissors剪刀;spectacles眼镜;shears大剪刀trousers长裤;wages工资十二、若表达具体数目，要借助数量词例：pair(对，双);suit(套);apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousers十三、另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，例：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼十四、除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。例：adollar,twodollars;ameter,twometers以O结尾的词，许多加es构成复数，特别是一些常用词如heroes,potatoes,tomatoes,mangoes,但下面几类词只加s：1.以‚元音+o‛或‚oo‛结尾的词如:videos,radios,studios,,zoos,bamboos,kangaroos,2.一些外来词，特别是音乐方面的词，如：pianos,3.一些缩写词和专有名词，如：kilos,photos,leaf______puppy_______box_______knife_______fly______fox______bus______bench_____brush_____kiss______church______dish_____ruler______peach________glass_____pencil________boy______zoo______man______roof_______sheep_______knife______lady______key______story______watch______bamboo______city______family______day_____apple_______eraser______speech______thief______mouse______fish_____goose____people______ox_____Chinese_______deer_______foot______child_______tooth_______guy________hero_______spy______boss_____monkey______city______goat______radio________horse______dog用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空：1Therearesomany_wolves_______(wolf)intheforest.22Therearethree_chairs_____(chair)intheclassroom.33These___tomatoes____(tomato)arered.44___heroes___(hero)aregreat.55Mybrotherlooksaftertwo______(baby)66Therearesome______(deer)eatingthegrass.77Myfatherlikestoeat_______(potato).88Chinese______(people)liketoeatnoodles.99Ihavealotof______(toy)inmybedroom.1010Ihelpmymotherwash______(dish)inthekitchen.1111Ihavetwo______(pencil-box).1212Therearesome______(bus)inthestreet.1313Peterhaseight___feet__(foot).1414Lindahasthree__teeth_____(tooth).1515Therearesome__children____(child)inthegarden.1616Michaellikesthe__mice____(mouse).1717Therearesome______(goose)intheriver.主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致一单项选择：181.Eatingvegetables______goodforourhealth.A.isB.areC.wereD.was192.Morethanoneperson_______madethesuggestion.A.wasB.hasC.wereD.have203.Ithink______ofthematerialsIlistenedtoatthebeginningoftheexam______easy.A.twothirds;isB.secondthree;areC.twothirds;areD.twothird;are4.NeitheryounorLinHua_______totheGreatWallbefore.A.hadbeenB.hasgoneC.hasbeenD.havebeen5.Thewriterandteacher______comingnow.A.isB.areC.hasD.have216.Something_____gonewrongwithmyTVset.22A.hasB.haveC.isD.are237.Nothingbutgrassandtrees_______thehill.24A.coversB.coverC.coveringD.arecovering258.Physics______moreinterestingthanMaths,Ithink.26A.areB.isC.wasD.were279.Eachstudentandeachteacher______toseethefilm.