您好,欢迎访问三七文档
当前位置:首页 > 商业/管理/HR > 资本运营 > 2018高三二轮:短文改错解题技巧讲解与训练
1高考英语短文改错解题技巧短文改错口诀动词形,名词数,还要注意形和副;非谓语,细辨别,习惯用法要记住;句子成分多分析,逻辑错误须关注;冠词连词常光顾详解:一、动词形:主要包括两类错误:动词的时态和语态错误,以及主、谓不一致的错误。动词形常见错误:1)一般过去时与一般现在时错用。2)第三人称单数形式错用。第三人称单数:Is/was2)and,but,or,also前后动词时态不一致。(具有对称性)4)主谓不一致。5)缺少谓语动词1.主谓宾结构缺少be动词2、主系表结构(am/is/are/was/were)6)主动语态与被动语态错用wash-iswashed7)Usedto的运用错误例如:Myfavoritesportarefootball.(is)Nowmypictureandprizeishanginginthelibrary.(are)二、名词数:指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。改正方法:1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份.2)根据上下文的逻辑关系.例如:…sothatI’llgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.(subjects)三、还要注意形和副:注意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。命题特点及改正方法:主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。根据adj或adv的基本用法确定错误;修饰系动词(am/is/are/was/were)或名词用形容词;修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。例如:I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.(wonderful)Unfortunate,therearetoomanypeopleinmyfamily.(Unfortunately)2四、非谓语,细辨别:这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有现在分词、过去分词,动名词和不定式错误。1)不定式todo2)动名词doing作主语、宾语3)and连接的不定式或动名词前后一致(尤其距离较远时)4)现在分词和过去分词的区别等例如:…inmysparetime,butnowIaminterestinginfootball.(interested)Playfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrongbutalso…(playing)Myparentsloveme…andwilldoalltheycan∧makesure…(to)五、习惯用法要记住:主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识,其错误表现形式主要有三种:多词、少词和搭配错误。例如:Itwasverykindforthemtomeetmeattherailwaystationand…(of)Wemustkeepinmindthatweplayfortheteaminstead∧ourselves.(of)六、句子成分多分析:不同的句子成分要用不同的词类;不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析,才能找出用词不当的错误。例如:They∧eagertoknoweverythingaboutChinaand…(were)IliveinBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.(which)七、逻辑错误须关注:与句子的上、下文不一致,甚至相矛盾,属于逻辑性错误,如称谓上的张冠李戴。例如:TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.(their)…nowayofsettingthematterexceptbysellingtheset.Nowsomeoneathomereadsinstead.(everyone)八、冠词连词常光顾:常考的错误形式有:连词but,and,or和so的用法错误,以及冠词的用法错误等。3四不改:①标点符号不改。②大小写不改。③词序错误不改(不是不改,而是按错词或少词来改)。④在纲外生词不改。文中出现带汉语注释的词,在句中不可能用错短文改错具体考点详解考点1.名词命题特点:本来用复数,却用单数.改正方法:(1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份;(2)根据上下文的逻辑关系.详解:1.Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedmesuccess.2.Afterclasswebecomestrangeratonce.3.TheywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothatI’llgetmarksinallmysubject.4.OnthewayupIwasbusytakingpicturesincethescenerywassobeautiful.5.Thereareadvantageforstudentstoworkwhilestudyingatschool.6.Hehadnoideasthatthekitchenwasnotforguests.7.Ilookedathisotherhands.考点2.代词命题特点:1.女性代词指代男性或相反;2.单数指代复数;3.代词词性误用。改正方法:联系上下文的逻辑关系。代词的错误特点:1.人称代词的偷换错误2.缺少人称代词的错误3.人称代词数的一致问题4.人称代词格的一致问题详解:8.TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.9.Ihaveagoodfriendwho’snameisLiuMei.10.Itwasaboutnoonwhenwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.Thethreeofthemwereveryexcited.11.SoonIbegantoenjoytalkingtomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleEnglish.12.OnedayIwrotealittlestoryandshowedtomyteacher.13.Somestudentsmayalsosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse.14.Itookitinmeandwewalked.4考点3.介词命题特点及改正方法:介词涉及搭配错误,因此可从以下方面确定错误:1)介词的基本用法;2)习惯搭配;3)动词词类确定错误,如talk,,serve,wait等。介词的错误:介词短语常常考,固定搭配要记牢。介词后边跟宾语,结合语境细推敲。详解:15.Wedonotseemtogetmuchtimetotalkabouttogether.16.IwassotiredthatIfellasleepatthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow.17.ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChineseandtriedtotranslateanythingintoEnglish.18.We’lltalkwithourplanfortheweekendoverdinner.19.Iamwritingtothankyouwithyourkindhelp.20.Hewaslookingforaglassthecupboard.21.Eachtheselinesstandsforatroubleinmylife.考点4时态命题特点及改正方法:现在时与过去时的误用,句中一般没有时间状语。每年都考。要注意联系上下文,着眼于整个语篇的时态。通常整篇都是过去,突然一个句子用现在时。其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。详解:22.Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkathome;theywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothat---23.Thetimepassesquickly.Eveningcame.24.Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.25.Idon’tknowthattheydon’tliketotalkwithme.Sometimes,wetalkedtoeachotherverywellinclass.26.Iwillwriteagainandsendyouthephotoswetaketogether.27.WehadguestslastnightwhohavenotstayedinaB&Bhotelago.考点5.and\but\or误用及前后不一致命题特点:主要考查and、or、but、so等并列连词的误用。However与although/though不能同时出现改正方法;1)根据句意确定误;2)根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误。详解:28.Sheissmilingatmebutnoddingatme.29.Itlooksasifmyparentstreatmeasavisitorandaguest.30.Thefoodwasexpensiveandtheservicewasgood.31.Icameintothelivingroomandsawoneofthemjustgothroughthekitchendoorbutturnonthelight.32.Wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.533.Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.考点6.从句连词命题特点及改正方法:句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等。解答这类题从以下方面来思考:1)句子结构是否完整,成份是否冗缺;2)复合句中从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等。平行结构常使用等立连词and,but,or或连词词组notonly…butalso…,either…or…,neither…nor…遵循就近原则。主语+With,togetherwith,aswellas,besides,动词与主语一致and,but,or,also前后动词时态不一致。(具有对称性)详解:34.Itwasaboutnoonwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.35.Idon’tknowthattheydon’tliketotalkwithme.36.ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChineseandtriedtotranslateeverythingintoEnglish.37.Whatthingsareinotherhomes,Iwonder.38.Earningtheirownmoneyallowsthemtospendonanythingasiftheyplease.39.Theydidnotwantbreakfastbecausethattheyweregoingoutearlyinthemorning.考点7.冠词命题特点及改正方法:英语中冠词只有三个,只能从以下几个方向出题:1)不定冠词a和an互改;2)不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改;3)根据需要增删冠词。详解:40.Aseveryoneknows,it’sfamousmountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimals.41.Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof,but---42.OnThursdayIwillhavetodecidewhatIwanttodooveraweekend.43.Ihopeyou’vehadpleasantjourneyhome考点8.形容词和副词命题特点及改正方法:主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。1)根据adj.或adv.的基本用法确定错误;2)修饰连系动词或名词用形容词;3)修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。详解:44.Iwoulddescribemyselfass
本文标题:2018高三二轮:短文改错解题技巧讲解与训练
链接地址:https://www.777doc.com/doc-5941716 .html