定语从句高三英语课件

GrammarTheAttributiveClause定语从句定语从句●限制性与非限制性●定从与同位语从句●定从与强调句型I.基本形式：noun/pronoun+＋定从关系代词关系副词先行词(人/物)1.Heisafamousscientist.2.Who’sthatgirlinred?3.I’vereadallthebooks(that)youlentme.4.Ihavelostmypen,whichIlikeverymuch.一.限制性定从II.关系代词先行词关系代词用：在定从中充当的成分主/宾人/物物whose=ofwhom/which定人whowhom宾that主/宾主/宾which人/物▲关系代词当宾语时，可省略。II.关系副词先行词关系副词用：在定从中充当的成分时间名词地点名词when=at/in/onwhich时间状语地点状语where=at/in/onwhich原因名词why=forwhich原因状语Practice:1.Iknowthereason___hecamelate.2.Doyouknowthewoman,_____sonwenttocollegelastyear?3.Thehouse_____colorisredisJohn’s.4.Thisisthebestfilm____I’veeverseen.5.That’sthetown_____heworkedin1987.6.Ihave2brothers,____arebothsoldiers.7.Nextweek,_____you’llspendinyourhometown,iscoming.8.I’vetried2pairsofshoes,neitherof_____fitsmewell.whywhosewhosethatwherewhowhichwhich9.Thosewho____togotothecinemamustbeattheschoolgateby3:30p.m.(want)10.Hewho___________thegreatwallisnotatrueman.(notreach)11.Sheistheonlyoneofthegirlswho___beentoBeijing.(have)12.Heisoneoftheboyswho____seenthefilm.(have)13.Thetime________IwenttoTokyoisin1982.14.Theshop__________Iboughtthebookinisbig.wantdoesn’treachhashavewhen/that(which/that)▲若先行词是:case,situation,stage时,1）若充当定从的“主、宾、表”时，用which或that-定从:2）若充当定从的“状语”时，用where-定从.Thesituation______________thestudentsdesignedfortheplayprovedasuccess.(宾语)which/that/省略Thesituation______thestudentsactedtheplayprovedasuccess.where▲先行词是“时间、地点、原因名词”时，并非总是用“when,where，why”来引导定从，应视该名词在定从中所充当的成分而定.☻Theshop____Iboughtthebookisbig.Theshop__________Iboughtthebookinisbig.Theshop_________islocatednearbymyhouseisbig.☻Thereason___________hewaslateisunkown.Thereason__________hetoldmeforhisabsenceisnottrue.wherewhich/thatwhy/forwhich(which/that)(which/that)III.以下情形用that不用which或who1)先行词是“人和物”2)先行词是主句的表语、疑问词，关系代词本身.3)先行词是adj.的最高级或被adj.的最高级所修饰4)当先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰。5)先行词被only,all,very,any.no,little,few所修饰及不定代词。6)当主句的句型是：therebe…,定从修饰therebe…的主语时IV.以下情形用which不用that:①在介词之后；②引导非限制性定语从句；③当定从修饰的是整个主句的意思时，通常用非限制性定语从句。V.whose引导的定从的三种表达形式：1)n.(先行词)+whose+n.-定从2)n.(先行词)+then.+ofwhich/whom-定从3)n.(先行词)+ofwhich/whom+then.-定从Thehouse___isredisJohn’s.A.itscolorB.colorofwhichC.thewhosecolorD.ofwhichthecolorVI.…wayinwhich/that/不填-定从Hehatedbeingspokentointheway_____________________shespoketoherfather.inwhich/that/不填Meltedironispouredintothemixermuchinthesameway___teaispouredintoacupfromateapot.A.likeB.whichC./D.asVII…as-定从1)与which-定从的区别：▲as-定从:A)as--“正如……的”B)位于句首、句末、句中▲which-定从：A)which—无具体意义B)位于句末Hismotherisanengineer,____makeshimveryproud.(which,who,that,as)比较以下句型：_____isknowntotheworld,MarkTwainisagreatAmericanwriter.A.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.ItWhatisknowntotheworldisthat-从句世人所知晓的是……Itisknowntotheworldthat-从句......为世人所知Asisknowntotheworld,Mark……正如世人所知……2)与as表“虽然”=though的区别：表语、状语、部分谓语+as+sb.+v.Childasheis,heknowsalot.Hardashetried,hedidn’tmakeit.Tryashemight,hefailedusagain.Completethefollowingsentenceswith“that”or“which”.1.Thisisthe2ndarticle___IhavewritteninEnglish.2.Itisthebestfilm___hehaseverseen.3.Thisistheverybook___Iwanttoread.4.All___theytoldmesurprisedme.5.Theytalkedabouttheteachersandschools___theyhadvisited.thatthatthatthatthat6.Whoisthecomrade____wasthere?7.Thereisabedintheroom____isstillvacant.8.Ourvillageisnolongertheplace____itusedtobe.9.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingthewindows,mostof_____hadn’tbeencleanedatleastayear.10.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_____wasmorethanwecouldexpect.11.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,through_____hecouldseewhatwasgoingoninsidethehouse.thatthatthatwhichwhichwhich1.Tellmethereason____youwerelateforclass.2.Whoisthegirl_____isspeakingthere?3.ThisisMr.Smith,____hassomethinginterestingtotellyou.4.Thecomputer______CPUdoesn’tworkhastoberepaired.whythatwhowhoseFillintheblankswithsuitablerelativestocompletethefollowingsentences.5.Thiskindofcomputer,_____iswell-known,isoutofdate.6.Thisisjusttheplace___I’vebeenlongingtovisitforyears.7.Hismotherisanengineer,____makeshimveryproud.8.Theoldmanhas4sons,threeof____aredoctors.whichthatwhichwhom一、从词类上区别◆同位语从句前面的名词只能是:idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promise,order等表示抽象意义的名词。二.定语从句与同位语从句的区别●引导词that引导定语从句时，在从句中一般作主语或宾语（指物时还可以用which代替），并且作宾语时常常省略。●That在同位语从句中仅起连接作用，不充当任何成份，并且不能省略，也不能用which来代替。Thefactthatourteamlostthegameisnotthefact(that/which)thecommitteeannounced.二.定语从句与同位语从句的区别一、从词类上区别◆定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或整个主句。如：Wearelookingintothequestionwhetherheisworthtrusting.我们正在调查的是他是否值得信赖的问题二.定语从句与同位语从句的区别（同位语从句）一、从词类上区别Wordcamethathehadgoneabroad.据说他已经出国了。二.定语从句与同位语从句的区别（同位语从句）Thedoctorwhomyouarelookingforisintheroom.你找的那位医生在房间里面。Ourteamhaswonthegame,whichmakesusveryhappy.Hismotherdidallshecouldtohelphimwithhisstudy.他妈妈尽最大努力帮他学习。（定语从句，代词all作先行词）(定语从句，which代表前面提到的整个句子)（定语从句，名词thedoctor作先行词）二、从性质上区别●定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴；●同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步说明和解释，属于名词性从句的范畴。二、从性质上区别Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegameistrue.我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。Thenews(that)hetoldmeyesterdayistrue.昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。（同位语从句,补充说明news的内容）(定语从句,that从句作定语修饰news)ImadeapromisethatifanyonesetmefreeIwouldmakehimveryrich.我许诺如果谁让我自由，我就让他非常富有。(同位语从句，补充说明promise)Themothermadeapromi