现在分词与动名词高三英语课件

现在分词与动名词NellyFu现在分词与动名词的基本形式是由动词末尾加-ing形式构成，因此又叫动词的-ing形式。V+-ing千万要注意V-ing形式的规则哟！不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语。还有时态和语态的变化。时态和语态类别及物动词不及物动词形式主动被动主动一般式doingbeingdonedoing完成式havingdonehavingbeendonehavingdone作主语：动名词Teachingismyfull-timejob.WritinganEnglishcompositionisnoteasy.It’suselesstakingthiskindofmedicine.Noddingtheheadmeansagreement,whileshakingitmeansdisagreement.Usingbodylanguageinacorrectwaywillhelpcommunicatewithpeopleandmakethestayinaforeigncountryeasyandcomfortable作宾语：动名词•Ihavejustfinisheddoingmyhomework.•Isuggestedaskinghisbrotherforsomemoney.•Hekeepsbuyingexpensivemaps.Hemusthavemorethan200bynow.WouldyoumindgivingatalktodayaboutDNA?Ifthepopulationkeepsgrowingsoquickly,therewillonlybestandingroomleftforusnextcentury四作介词宾语However,mostofthetime,peoplefromthetwocountriesdon’thaveanydifficultyinunderstandingeachother.Hetookalongsomeofhispicturesinthehopeofgettingajobthere.只接动名词作宾语的常见动词有resist/mind/suggest、delay/postpone/putofflookforwardto/enjoy/admitmiss/deny/escape/considerappreciate/imagine/practise、finish/completeenjoy/avoid作表语（1）动名词Myjobisteaching.=Teachingismyjob.Herfull-timejobislayingeggs.=Layingeggsisherfull-timejob.（2）现在分词Theplayisexciting.≠Excitingistheplay.Thestoryhetolduswasveryinteresting.≠Interestingwasthestoryhetoldus.⑴动名词作定语表示性质或用途。awashingmachine＝amachineforwashingaswimmingpool＝apoolforswimmingThisisanewwashingmachine.作定语作定语⑵现在分词作定语表示动作。如果是单词，放在被修饰的名词前；如果是短语，放就放在被修饰的名词之后。•adevelopingcountry＝acountrywhichisdeveloping•asleepingboy＝aboywhoissleeping•ThemantalkingwithmyfatherisMr.Wang.•Chinaisadevelopingcountry.Whentheyreachedtheburningbuilding,theyfoundthattheirladderswerenotlongenoughtoreachthepeoplewhoweretrappedEinsteinwasabletoprovethatlightcomingfromthestarswasbentasitpassedtheSun.(comingfromthestars相当于定语从句whichcomesfromthestars.)作宾语补足语：现在分词Iheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom.Inoticedalongqueueoutsidethebankwaitingforittoopen.Thebabywatchedhisdadshavinghisfacewithgreatinterest.能跟现在分词作宾语补足语的常见动词有这些，看看有什么好方法可以将它们记住：make、let、have、lookat、see、watch、hear、listento、notice、feel。对了，用“三让、三看、两听、注意感觉”。多简单！作状语现在分词作状语。表时间、原因、条件、结果、伴随（方式）等。Hearingthecryforhelp,herushedout.（时间）Beingill,hewenthome.（原因）Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,makingitthemostpopularsportintheworld.(NMET98)（结果）Hereadamagazinewaitingforthebus.（伴随）Seeingfromthehill,youcangetthewholetown.(条件）1Walkingslowlyacrossthegrass,hepointedthepipeatthelionandfired.（V-ing分词短语表示时间，其逻辑主语是he；walking的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生，相当于While/When(hewas)walkingslowlyacrossthegrass）2DrManette,havingbeenkeptaprisonerintheBastile,Paris‘smostimportantprison,formanyyears,hadrecentlybeensetfree.(V-ing分词短语在句中作时间状语，用的是完成被动式，意思相当于AfterDrManettehadbeenkept…formanyyears….)3Thepoorofthecitiesandthepeasantsinthecountry,havinglivedsuchahardlifeforsolong,tookuptheirgunsandknifesandbegantokilltherichnobles.3Thepoorofthecitiesandthepeasantsinthecountry,havinglivedsuchahardlifeforsolong,tookuptheirgunsandknifesandbegantokilltherichnobles.(V-ing分词短语表示原因，其完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前，其逻辑主语是thepoorofthecitiesandthepeasantsinthecountry，与句子主语一致。)4Thefishhaveverysharpteeth;theycaneatapersonintwominutes,leavingonlythebones.(分词短语作结果状语，其逻辑主语是thefish，与句子主语一致。)5Thespermwhalethereforehastolookforthesquid,usingsoundwaves.(V-ing分词短语表示行为方式；using与句子谓语动词hastolookfor同时发生。)6Pilesofstoneslieinacornerofthecourtyard,waitingtobereplaced.(V-ing分词短语表示与谓语动词lie同时发生的伴随动作；其逻辑主语是pilesofstones，与句子的主语一致。)ExercisesCompleteeachofthefollowingsentences:1.Whilewewerebackpackinginthemountains,weadmiredthesceneryaroundus.2.Einsteinwasashyperson,sofoundithardtogetalongwiththeotherboys.3..Afterhehadspentthreehoursdoinghishomework,hewascompletelywornout.Havingspentthreehoursdoinghishomework,hewascompletelywornout.Backpackinginthemountains,weadmiredthesceneryaroundus.Beingashyperson,hefoundithardtogetalongwiththeotherboys.4.TheshipcaughtinaseverestormwastravelingtothewestcoastoftheUnitedKorea.Theship___________________________________________________wascaughtinaseverestorm.9.Holmescarefullyexaminedtheseatofthechair.Thechairstoodagainstthewall.Theseatofthechair________________________wascarefullyexaminedbyHolmes.10.Theboyswalkedroundthetowncentre.Theylookedatthesightsandtookphotos.Theboyswalkedroundthetowncentre,_______________travelingtothewestcoastoftheUnitedStatesfromKoreastandingagainstthewalllookingatthesignsandtakingphotosV+-ing形式用法归纳现1、作表语(与动名词的区别）在2、作宾补（能跟现在分词作宾补的动词）分3、作定语（与动名词的区别）词4、作状语动1、作主语名2、作表语(与现在分词的区别）词3、作宾语（能跟动名词作宾语的动词）4、作定语（与动名词的区别）*V-ing的否定式由not或never+V-ing构成。例如：Hewasdisappointedaboutnotbeingabletotakepartinthecompetition.*动名词的完成形式与被动形式:1.完成式:动名词代表的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生.Hedidn’tmentionhavingmetme.Iapologizefornothavingkeptmypromise.Ihavenoideaoftheirhavingdonesuchathing.2.被动式:动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这动作的对象.Sobeingkilledbysharkswasacommonoccurrence.Hedidn’tmindbeingleftathome.Hediditwithoutbeingasked.Theyinsistedontheirbeingtreatedasequals.Ididn’trememberhavingeverbeengivenachancetotrythismethod.*动名词的逻辑主语:1.Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?2.Heisproudofbeingeloquent.3.Heinsistedonmypayingthemoney.4.John’sbeingabsentgavemealotoftrouble