英语阅读理解技巧高三英语课件

英语阅读理解技巧《孙子兵法》曰：“知己知彼”才能“百战不殆”，对待高考，我们应该首先明白NMET的考试要求，做到“知彼”，然后分析自己的强项、弱项，做到“知己”。阅读理解是NMET的重头戏，能否顺利通过此关影响高考全局，因此考生必须对阅读理解题型特点、解题技巧等有个清楚的认识。一、推断题1.解推断题应注意：(1)(2)推理的根据来自于上下文。2.(1)Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat______.(2)Fromthetextweknowthat______.(3)Thestoryimpliesthat______.(4)Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablybe______.(5)Thewriter’sattitudetoward…is______.3.解推断题的方法：解推断题最主要的方法是根据词义关系推断具体细节。Example1Onedayamanwalkedintoapetshopandsaidtotheshopassistant，“Ineedtwosmallmiceandaboutfivedozenroaches(蟑螂)andtwospiders.”“Whatdoyouneedthesethingsfor?”theshopassistantwasverysurprised.“Well，”repliedtheman，“I’mmovingoutofmyapartmentandthelandlordinsiststhatIshouldleavethehouseinexactlythesameconditionasIfoundit.”Q：Thepassagesuggeststhatwhenthewritermovedintothehouse,itwas______.A.verycleanB.justcleanedbythelandlordC.tidyandcomfortableD.dirtyandfullofinsects解析：他要搬出所租的房子，而房东要求房屋必须是他租进来时的原样，所以他须买些老鼠和蟑螂等昆虫对房屋进行“恢复”，因此推出答案为D。Example2Somepeopleareneverright.Theyneverhavegoodluck.Theyusuallydothewrongthingandsaythewrongthing.AndevenifwhattheysayordoisOK，theyasarulesayitordoitatthewrongtime.Sothesepeoplealwayshaveproblems.Theyoftenbreakdishes.Theysometimesmissbusesandairplanes.Mr.Neffisdifferent.Heisalwaysright.Heisneverwrong.Heusuallyhasgoodluck.Heseldomhasproblems.Heneverbreaksdishes.Henevermissesbusesorairplanes.Evenifhedoesmissthem，itisalwaysthefaultofthebusesorairplanes.Mr.Neffknowsalmosteverything.Hedoesn’taskquestions；heanswersquestions.Heneversays，“Idon’tknow.”Q：Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthewriter’sattitudetoMr.Neff?A.HefindsMr.Neffhardtounderstand.B.HethinksMr.Neffwonderful.C.HefeelspityforMr.Neff.D.HedoesnotlikeMr.Neff.解析：从作者的语气中我们可以体会他的态度，特别是Evenifhedoesmissthem，itisalwaysthefaultofthebusesortheairplanes.误了车或飞机本该是人的失误怎能归咎于车或飞机呢？明显是讥讽，也是暗示他对Mr.Neff的讨厌之情。答案为D。Example3Daylightsavingtime(DST)hasbeenintroducedthissummerThisyearDSTbeganonMay4.Butnextyear,“SummerTime”willbeginonthefirstSundayinApril.Clocksandothertimepiecesweresetaheadonehourat2:00AMonSunday,May4sothat2:00AMbecame3:00AM.Theyshouldturnbackonehourat2:00AMonSunday,September14.Thenewtimeisexpectedtosaveoneandahalfbillionkilowatthoursofelectricityperyearacrossthecountry.Thenewsystemcouldalsohelppeopleformthegoodhabitofgettingupandgoingtobedearly,thusraisingtheirworkandstudyefficiency(效率).DuringtheDSTperiod,theactualdeparture(发车)timeoftrainsremainsunchanged,buttheirscheduleshavebeensetonehourlate.Q:Accordingtothepassage,weknowthat________peopleshouldturntheirclocksbackonehourthatyear.A.in132daysB.in133daysC.in134daysD.in4months解析：应根据基本的日历常识来进行推算。5月剩27天，6月30天，7月31天，8月31天，9月14天。即：27+30+31+31+14=133（天）二、事实题1.在解答这类问题时要求抓住题干文字信息，采用针对性方法进行阅读，AgiantdamwasbuiltmanyyearsagotocontroltheColoradoRiverintheU.S.Thisdamwasbuilttoprotectthelandandhousesaroundtheriver.ThishugedamisintheBlackCanyon.Itispossibletodriveacarfromonesideoftherivertotheotheronaroad，whichisonthetopofthedam.Thisdamissobigthatthereisanelevatorinside.Theelevatorgoesdownforty-fourstoriesfromtheroadtothebottom.ThereisenoughconcreteinthisdamtobuildahighwayfromNewYorktoSanFrancisco.Thousandsofpeopleworkedonthisdamforfiveyears.ThishugedamwascalledBoulderDamwhenitwasfinishedin1936.LateritwasrenamedHooverDaminhonorofapresidentoftheUnitedStates.HooverDam，oneofthehighestdamsintheworld，issituatedbetweenthestatesofArizonaandNevada.Q：HooverDamlies______.A.betweenArizonaandNevadaB.intheBlackCanyonC.betweenNewYorkandSanFranciscoD.bothAandB解析：由第二段的第一句和最后一段的最后一句话可得出正确答案。2.解此类题需要结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断。InvitedbyMr.YeHuixian,hostofthewellreceivedTVprogramme“StarsTonight”，MissLuoLin,MissAsiaof1991，appearedastheguesthostessontheShanghaiTVscreenlastSunday.BorninShanghaiandtakentoHongKongwhenshewasonlysixyearsold，LuoLinhasneverdreamedofbeingMissAsia.Herchildhooddreamwastobeanairhostess.Beforeshetookpartinthecompetition,shehadbeenanairhostessinCathayAirlineforsevenyears.However，itstilltookherthreemonthstolearntheartofwalkingonthestage,dancing,singing,making-upandotherpropermanners,designedbytheAsiaTVStation.“It’sreallyahardjobforme.Iwon’tenterforsuchcompetitionanymore.Anyhow,Iamquitelucky.IamalsogladtohavehadmorechancetoworkforthesocialwelfaresinceIwonthetitle.Thistime,inShanghai,I'dlovetomakeadeepimpressiononmyTVaudience,saidLuoLinwithasweetsmile.Q：WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.LuoLinisanativeofShanghai.B.LuoLinmovedtoHongKongwithherparents.C.LuoLinwonthetitleofMissAsiain1991.D.AsiaTVStationhelpedLuoLintobecomeMissAsia.解析：A、C和D都可在原文找到答案，而B项原文列的是：takentoHongKong可判断不是movedtoHongKongwithherparents，因此选B。三、词义理解题做此类题时，应尽可能地利用生词所在的上下文来猜测词义，即利用我们所熟悉的词或短语和上下文中的已知部分进行逻辑Anothersourceofknowledgeisthevaststoreoftraditionalpracticeshandeddownfromfathertoson,ormothertodaughter,oroldcountrycustoms,orfolklore.Allthisisverydifficultforacollegestudenttoexamine,formuchknowledgeandpersonalexperienceisneededheretoseparategoodplantsfromwildgrass.Thecollegestudentshouldlearntorealizeandrememberhowmuchofrealvaluesciencehasfoundinthiswide,confusedwildernessandhowoftenscientificdiscoveriesofwhathadexistedinthisarealongago.Q：Inthisparagra