选修八 unit4 Grammar过去分词作状语

ThePastParticipleastheAdverbial过去分词作状语单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面;Englishisawidelyusedlanguage.Thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980s.1.过去分词作定语一、激活原有知识=whichwerebuiltin1980s.过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。红色字体作什么语法成分？CA2.Iborrowedabook______byMarkTwainfromthelibrarylastweek.Ilikeitverymuch.A.writtenB.writingC.waswrittenD.towrite1.Didyouattendthemeeting______yesterday?A.tobeheldB.havingbeenheldC.heldD.beingheld激活Practice3.Canyouseethat_______________(破了的窗户)?brokenwindow2.过去分词作表语1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。2.被动语态的过去分词动词意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。①Theglassisbroken.②Thewindowsareclosed.激活TheglasswasbrokenbyTom.ThewindowsareclosedbyJack.1.WhenWangQiangreachedalargemarket,he____.A.waslosingB.gotlosingC.grewlostD.gotlost2.Don’tplaywithfireoryouwillget_____.A.burntB.burningC.toburnD.burn3.看到他们队赢了高二（６）班的学生很兴奋.ThestudentsofSenior2Class6____________toseetheirteamwin.DAwereexcitedPractice激活过去分词作宾补Ifoundourschoolchangedalot.Iwanttogetmyhaircuttomorrow.激活动作已经完成。被动.红色字体作什么语法成分？１.表示？２.表示？1.表“希望，要求”的动词以如下结构出现：want,wish,expect,wish,like,orderOurheadteacherorderedtheclassroomclean.2.表“感觉，心理状态”的动词：see,hear,feelwatch,notice,findWeheardClass6praise(表扬)bytheheadmasteryesterday.PeoplefoundthewaterinOujiangRiverpolluting.IwantthehomeworkhandbyFriday.下列兰色句中划线部分单词用得对吗？如果不对请改正。handedcleanedpraisedpolluted+sth.done＋sth(tobe)done3.使役动词make,get,have,keep+sth.doneIwanttogetmycellphonetorepairtomorrow.4.介词短语作宾补with,without+sth.done.Doyouknowtheteacherwithhishaircuttingshort?Theyleftwithoutatheirhomeworkfinish.finishedcutrepaired组a、表示时间Seenfromthespace,theearthlooksblue.Whentheearthisseenfromspace,theearthlooksblue.组b、表示条件Keptinrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.Ifthesevegetablesarekeptinrefrige,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.思考：句中划线部分表示什么，起什么作用？二、探究与体验：请观察下列各组句子之间的变化关系，并学会模仿。作状语组c、表示原因组d、表示伴随情况组e、表示让步Deeplymovedbythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.Astheyweredeeplymoved,thechildrenbegantocry.Shewalkedoutofthehouse,followedbyherlittledaughter.Shewalkedoutofthehouse,andshewasfollowedbyherlittledaughter.Beatenbytheenemy,herefusedtoletoutthesecret.Althoughhewasbeatenbytheenemy,herefusedtoletoutthesecret.-ed分词作状语1.-ed分词短语做状语可表示___________________________________等意义。这种-ed分词短语相当于一个__________________________，若-ed分词作状语，分词的主语通常是整个句子的主语，句子的主语与分词所表示的动作构成__________，即是该分词动作的承受者。时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、伴随时间、地点、原因、条件、让步等状语从句动宾关系2.-ed分词（短语）作状语时，也可在其前面加上连词________________________等，以便明确作何种状语。when,if,once,though,unless虽然输了，但我们并没有泄气。______________(=_____________________),wewerenotdiscouraged.Thoughbeaten一旦尝过一次，这道菜的美味就难以让人忘怀。___________(=_______________),thedishishardtoforget.OncetestedThoughwewerebeatenOnceitistasted哪里发现老鼠，就在哪里把它消灭。Ratsshouldbewipedout___________(=___________________).wherefoundwheretheyarefound3.过去分词作状语与现在分词作状语的区别在于:过去分词与句子主语构成____________,而现在分词与句子主语构成_____________。判断正确：（T/F）Seeinginthislight,thematterisnotasseriousaspeoplegenerallysuppose.Seeninthislight,thematterisnotasseriousaspeoplegenerallysuppose.动宾关系主谓关系FT4.过去分词作状语表示被动或完成，但有些过去分词（短语）因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表动作而表状态。这样的过去分词（短语）常见的有:lost(迷路);seated(坐);absorbedin(全神贯注于);dressedin(穿着);tiredof(厌烦)等。如：Absorbedindeepthought,hedidn’thearthesound.因为沉浸在思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。由某些动词后面加-ed转化来的形容词也具有此用法。如：frightened,satisfied,tired,disappointed等。Surprisedatwhathadhappened,Tomdidn’tknowwhattodo.分词的独立主格结构当分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致时，分词可以有自己的独立主语，二者构成独立主格结构。其构成为：名词或代词的主格+分词其功能为：在句中作状语其位置为：句首，句中或句末Ourhomeworkdone,wewenthome.Theboylayonhisside,hiseyesclosed.Herglassesbroken,shecouldn’tseethewordsontheblackboard.Toomuchtimegiven,hewoulddoitbetter.Timereduced,hefinishedtheworkontime.时间伴随原因条件让步()1._______moreattention,thetreecouldhavegrownbetter.(90’全国)A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven.()2.Thecomputercenter,________lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool(93’全国)A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.openedAD高考链接：Practice(20m)()3.________inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.(96’全国)A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.ToloseC()4._______suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.(01’全国夏)A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.SufferedA()5.Theresearcherissodesignedthatonce________nothingcanbedonetochangeit.(02’全国)A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begunD()6.________in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.(00’上海)A.BeingfoundedB.ItwasfoundedC.FoundedD.FoundingC()7.When________,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.(02’上海春)A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompletedA()8.Don’tusewords,expressions,orphrases________onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.(02’上海)A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.knownD()9.Unless________tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.(03’上海春)A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvitedA()10.Friendshipislikemoney:easiermadethan______.(03’北京)A.keptB.tobekeptC.keepingD.havingkeptA()11.________time,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.(03’北京)A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.GivenDHomeworkReviewthegrammar.FinishtheexercisesinusingWordsandExpressions.