高二英语课件高二英语情态动词与高考高二英语课件

情态动词与高考(复习课)一、情态动词的基本特征:情态动词本身有词义，表示说话的语气或情态，但不能单独在句中作谓语，只能同动词原形一道构成句子谓语，它们没有人称和数的变化，大多用于所有人称。二、常见的情态动词：can/could,beableto,may/might,must,haveto,need,dare/dared,should,oughtto,shall,will/would,三、情态动词考点分布情况：㈠、常见情态动词的基本用法：1.can/could：“能、会”“可以”（用于现在、过去和将来三种时态）can’t/couldn’t：“不能、不可以”beableto：“能、会”（用于多种时态）may/might：“可以（=can/could）”must：“必须、一定”（表主观看法，）haveto：“必须、不得不”（表客观需要，有人称、数、时态的变化）mustn‘t：“一定不、千万不”表禁止之意needn't=don'thaveto：“不必”1.Acomputer_______thinkforitself,itmustbetoldwhattodo.(91)A.can'tB.couldn'tC.maynotD.mightnot2.--Willyoustayforlunch?(99)--Sorry,______.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.A.Imustn'tB.Ican'tC.Ineedn'tD.Iwon't3.--CouldIborrowyourdictionary?--Yes,ofcourseyou_________.(92)A.mightB.willC.canD.should4.Johnny,you________playwiththeknife,you________hurtyourself.(96)A.won't;can'tB.mustn't;mayC.shouldn't;mustD.can't;shouldn't√√√√5.How______yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle?A.canB.mustC.needD.may(2001上海)6.Aleft-luggageofficeisaplacewherebags_______beleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will（2003）7.–Idon’tmindtellingyouwhatIknow.(2004江苏)--You_________.I’mnotaskingyouforit.A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t8.Childrenunder12yearsofageinthatcountry_______beunderadultsupervisionwheninapubliclibrary.（2004上海）A.mustB.mayC.canD.need√√√√9.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_______getout.(97)A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto注意：could：表过去的能力作“能、会”讲时，可与was/wereableto互换，但在表示过去经过努力才完成的事情时（即：managedtodosth.），只用was/wereableto，不可用could；√2、shall：用作情态动词：A、用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示征求对方的意见或向对方提出建议；--ShallTom/Isweepthefloortoday?--Ok./That'sagoodidea.B、用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的“命令”“禁止”“警告”“许诺”“威胁”等。如：YoushalldoasIsay.（=must表命令）Heshallbesorryforitoneday,Itellyou.（表警告）Tellhimthatheshallgetthebooktomorrow.(许诺）10.–Theroomissodirty.__________wecleanit?--Ofcourse.(2003北京春)A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.Do√3.should的用法①.should=oughtto：应当、应该（表义务、责任）Youshouldn’tbesocareless.你不应当这样粗心大意。②.should：“竟然”表惊奇、遗憾等Itisastonishingthatweshouldfindviolencehere.我们这儿竟然有有暴力行为，真令人震惊。③.should：可能、该（表可能性、推测或推论）TheyshouldhavearrivedinBeijingbythistime.他们这时候应该已到北京了。Thereportiswrittenaftercarefulinvestigation,soitisshouldbereliable11.I'msurprisedthatyoushouldhavebeenfooledbysucha(an)______trick.（2001春）A.ordinaryB.easyC.smartD.simple12.It'snearlyseveno'clock.Jack_______behereatanymoment.(95)A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can13.--WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.(98)--They________bereadyby12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need14.I_______payTracyavisit,butI’mnotsurewhetherIwillhavetimethisSunday.（2004浙江）A.shouldB.mightC.wouldD.could√√√√④.should：“应该”（表虚拟）句型一：insist等+that-clause（“should+动词原形”或“动词原形”）能用此句型的动词有：二命令：order,command三建议：suggest,advise,propose四要求：require,request,demand,desire但是：insist（坚持说/坚持认为），suggest（暗示/表明）后的宾语从句用陈述语气。TheArabinsistedthathehadneverseenthecamel.Thedarkcloudssuggestthatitisgoingtorainsoon.㈡.can/could,may/might和must表推测：1、must：“一定是、准是”只用于肯定，其结构如下：must+动词原形：对现在情况的推测；must+bedoing：对现在情况的推测；must+havedone：对过去情况的推测；2、can/could：用于否定和疑问，can‘t/couldn’t+动词原形：“不可能……”can‘t/couldn’t+bedoing：“不可能在做……”can‘t/couldn’t+havedone：“不可能已经……”3、may/might：“也许、可能”用于肯定、否定，may/might+动词原形：may/might+havedone：may/mightnot+动词原形：may/mightnot+havedone：15.Peter______comewithustonight,butheisn'tverysureyet.(93)A.mustB.mayC.canD.will16.--AreyoucomingtoJeff'sparty?(2000)--I'mnotsure.I_____gototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might17.Ididn'thearthephone.I________asleep.(89)A.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeen18.--Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.(95)--It_________acomfortablejourney.A.can'tbeB.shouldn'tbeC.mustn'thavebeenD.couldn'thavebeen19.--Doyouthinkourbasketballersplayedverywellyesterday?--____.（2001上海）A.TheywerenotnervousatallB.TheywerestillyoungC.TheyplayednaturallyD.Theycouldn'thavedonebetter√√√√√20.–IsJohncomingbytrain?（2002）--Heshould,buthe___not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.mustB.canC.needD.may21.Naturally,afterItoldherwhattodo,mydaughter_____goanddotheopposite!(2003春)A.mayB.canC.mustD.should22.–Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.--It_______truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.A.maynotbeB.mustC.couldD.would(2002北京)23.You________betired;you’veonlybeenworkingforanhour.(2004)A.mustnotB.won’tC.can’tD.maynot24.–Excuseme.IsthistherightwaytotheSummerPalace?--Sorry,Iamnotsure.Butit_______be.A.mightB.willC.mustD.can(2004湖北)25.–Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?(2004安徽)--No,it____behim.I’msurehedoesn’twearglasses.A.can’tB.mustnotC.won’tD.maynot√√√√√√注意：must/can/may表推测时，其反意疑问句的构成如下：Hemustbeintheclassroom,isn'the?Hemusthaveseenthefilm,hasn'the?Hemusthaveseenthefilmlastmonth,didn'the?㈢、情态动词表虚拟时的结构1.情态动词后接完成体的四个句型：①、could/mighthavedone：“本来可以……”②、should/oughttohavedone：“本应该……”③、shouldnot/oughtnottohavedone：“本不该……”④、needn'thavedone：“本不必……”注意：以上四个结构都指过去的情况,表并未如此,在客观陈述事实时要用一般过去时.26.SorryI'mlate.I_______haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will（2000春）27.--IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.(98)--Oh,didyou?You____withBarbara.A.couldhavestayedB.cou