初中英语状语从句精讲

专题句型状语从句考点揭密中考考点设置典型例题解析课时训练考点揭密在复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词或句子，起状语作用的从句。由从属连词引导，从属连词在从句中不充当句子成分。状语从句可置主语之前，也可置主语之后。前置时，从句后用逗号与主句分开；后置时，与主句之间无标点符号。状语从句可分为时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、比较、地点、让步、方式等九类。e.g.Ifyougototheparty,youwillhaveagoodtime.e.g.YouwillhaveagoodtimeIfyougototheparty.中考考点设置1.时间状语从句(1)引导词：when,while,as,before,after,assoonas,until/till,since.e.g.MotherwascookingdinnerwhenIreachedhome.(when“当……的时候”）e.g.Whilethegirlwasshopping,theUFOlanded.（While“当……的时候”）e.g.Don’tclosethewindowbeforeyougotobed.(before在……之前）e.g.Ashewasreading,hewaslisteningtotheradio.（As“一边……一边”）e.g.AfterIhaddonemyhomework,Iwenttobed.e.g.TheGreenshaslivedheresincetheycametoChina.(since引导的时间壮语从句若用一般过去时，主句则用现在完成时时间壮语从句中若用一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时表示将来，即遵循“主将从现”的原则。e.g.IwillwritetoyouassoonasIgettoBeijing.e.g.Iwilltellhimwhenhecomesback.注意e.g.Iwon’tgotobeduntilIfinishmyhomework.(3)not...until的同义句替换。①not…until在否定句中表示“直到……才”，主句中的动词常用终止性动词,这时till/until可用before替换②till/until在肯定句中表示“直到为止”主句中动词用延续性动词e.g.Iwaitedtill/untilhearrived.(wait是一个延续性动词）e.g.Ididn’tleaveuntil/till/beforeshecameback.（leave是个短暂性动词）practice:1.IwillgotobedassoonasI____myhomework.A.willfinishB.finishingC.finishC4.IwillnotwatchTVuntilIfinishmyhomework.=IwillnotwatchTV_____IfinishMyhomework.before2.Mysister___________(read)herbookintheclassroomwhenherteachercamein.wasreading3.Imy__________(do)homeworkwhilemyparents____________(watch)TVlastnight.wasdoingwerewatching(3)if...not与unless(=if…not…)及or的同义句转换。(2)遵循“主将从现”的原则,(即主句若为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来。)2.条件状语从句(1)引导词：if,unless.e.g.IfIamfree,Iwillcallyou.e.g.Ifitdoesn’train,wewillgoforawalk.unless是从属连词，它引导条件壮语从句，译作“除非……否则的话”e.g.Youwillbelateforclassunlessyoustartrightnow.除非你现在出发否则的话年上学就会迟到的。e.g.Youwillnotsucceedunlessyouworkhard.小结:“祈使句+or+一般将来时的陈述句”结构中，Or表示转折，译作“否则，不然的话”相当于一个否定的条件状语从句。相当于Ifyoudon’t(can’t)…,youwill…例句.Studyharder,oryouwillfailtheexam.=Ifyoudon’tstudyharder,youwillfailtheexam.=Unlessyoustudyharder,youwillfailtheexam.例句.Hurryup,oryouwillbelate.=Ifyoudon’thurryup,youwillbelate.=Unlessyouhurryup,youwillbelate.practice:1.Ifyou____totheparty,you____haveagoodtime.gowill2.She_______________nextSundayifshe________busy.willgoshoppingwon’tbe3.Pleasehurryup,oryouwillmissthetrain.=___you___hurryup,youwill___thetrain.=____youhurryup,youwillmissthetrain.4.WatertheyoungtreesasoftenasPossible,ortheywilldiesoon.=____you____watertheyoungtreesasoftenaspossible,theywilldiesoon.=____youwatertheyoungtreesasoftenaspossible,theywilldiesoon.Ifdon’tUnlessIfdon’tUnlessmiss中考考点设置3.原因状语从句(1)引导词:because,since,as.(2)对because原因状语提问用“why”。(3)because不能与so连用。(4)because,since，as,for的区别：Whyareyoustandinghere?---BecauseI’mwaitingformyuncle.①because从句所表示的是对方不知道的直接的原因，因此在回答以why引导的特殊疑问句时只可用because,它引导的从句可以位于主句前或主句后.而as,since引导的从句却不可；例句:LiHongdidn'tgotoschoolyesterday,becausehewasill.②as从句所表示比较明显的原因和理由(由于,既然)这种原因一般是大家知道的,一般从句说明原因，主句说明结果。其从句位于主句之前,③since用来表示比较勉强的理由和原或原由已为人们所知。e.g.Asthewaterwasnotdeep,wewereabletocrosstheriver.(从句说明原因，主句说明结果)e.g.ASIknewhewasill,Ididn'tcallhim.e.g.Sinceeverybodyishere,let’sbiginthemeeting（“大家都在这里”的原由已为人们所知）e.g.Sinceyoucan’tanswerthequestion,（原由已为人们所知）I’llasksomeoneelse.for往往用于附加理由证明。所说的理由是一种补充说明。分句前常有逗号，其引导的分句不可放于句首。例句：It’sspringnow,fortheflowersareout.Practice:1.Whyhasn’tMr.Licometoworktoday.----____hehasgonetoBeijingtohaveameeting.A.IfB.UntilC.ThoughD.Because2.Idecidedtostopandhavelunch,___Iwasfeelingquitehungry.A.BecauseofB.forC.AsDB3.Becausehewasill,hedidn’t____gotoschool.A.soB./4.A.Istayedathomebecauseoftheweatherwasbad.()B.Istayedathomebecausetheweatherwasbad.()C.IstayedathomebecauseofthebadweatherA()AFTT中考考点设置例句:Sheissogreatafatherthatwealllikehim.4.目的状语和结果状语(1)目的状语从句引导词：sothat…从句中常用情态动词(can/could)E.g.Speakslowlysothatwecanunderstandyou.(2)结果状语从句引导词：so+adj+that…,such+n+that…so+adj+a+n(名单)+that例句:ItissoredanapplethatIwanttoeatit.so+adj+an+n(名单)+that(3)so与such的区别Sheissuchagreatfatherthatwealllikehim.such+a+adj+n(名单)+thatItissuchanredapplethatIwanttoeatit.such+an+adj+n(名单)+that小结:so+adj+a/an+n(单数）+that…such+a/an+adj+n(单数）+that…1.Itis___smallaroom___itcan’tholdsomanyPeople.A.so…that,B.such…that…=Itis___asmallroom___itcan’tholdsomanyPeople.A.so…that,B.such…that…Practice:①AB2.Heis__youngaboy__hecan’tcarrythebox.Heis__ayoungboy___hecan’tcarrythebox.A.so…that,A.such…that…例句:Itissuchfineweatherthatpeoplecangoswimming.such+adj+n(不可数)+that例句:TherearesuchbeautifulflowersthatwewanttoPickit.such+adj+n(pl)+that②小结such+adj+un/n(pl)+thatABIhavesolittlemoneythatIcan’tbuythebook.Wehavesomanyfriendsthatwefeelhappy.Wehavesomuchhomeworkthatwetired.小结:一般情况下,such…that…结构中用名词,但是,如果名词是用little,few,many,much等修饰时,要用so来表示.“如此……”solittle(如此少)+[u]sofew(如此少)+cnsomany(如此多)+cnsomuch(如此多)+[u]注意:little若放在可数名词前,译作“小”,而不是“少”要用such来表示.Review:①so+形+a/an+名(单数)such+a/an+形+名(单数)②so+many/much/few/little+形+名③such+形+不可数名词/可数名词复数Practice:1.Maryhad___todothatshewasbusyallday.A.SomanyworkB.suchmuchwork2.Theywere___littleboysthattheycouldn'tgotoschool.A.soB.such3.Allofusfeelsurprisedthathewas___littleboyeat___muchfood.A.so,soB.such,soBBsuchso(4)so...that与too...to和...enoughto间转换too…to可与notenough注意:1.