The-Scarlet-Letter英美文学PPT

TheScarletLetterByNathanielHawthorneContent1、IntroductionofNathanielHawthorne1.1briefintroductionofNathanielHawthorne1.2majorworks1.3featuresofworks2、TheScarletLetter2.1characters2.2plot2.3themesNathanielHawthorne•''idonotwanttobeadoctorandlivebyman'sdiseases,noraministertolivebytheirsins,noralawyertolivebytheirquarrels.so,idon'tseethatthereisanythingleftformebuttobeaauthor.NathanielHawthorneBiography•1804:BornonJuly4,1804inSalem,Massachusetts•1821:BowdoinCollege(Longfellow,FranklinPierce•1836:WorkedintheSalemCustomHousse•1841:JoinedBrookFarm,atranscendentalistcommunity•1842:MarriedSophiaPeabody•1846:livedinConcordneighboredwithEmersonandThoreau•1850:finishedtheScarletLetterandbecamefriendwithHermanMelville•1864:diedonMay19,andburiedinconcord,massachusetts•anAmericannovelist•apioneerofpsychologicalanalyst•ashortstorywriter•thefirstgreatAmericanwriteroffictiontoworkinthemoralistictradition•combinedtheAmericanromanticismwithmoralismMajorWorksNovelsFanshawe(publishedanonymously,1828)范肖TheScarletLetter(1850)红字TheHouseoftheSevenGables(1851)七个尖角阁的房子TheBlithedaleRomance(1852)福谷传奇TheMarbleFaun(1860)玉石雕像ShortStoryCollectionsTwice-ToldTales(1837)故事重述MossesfromanOldManse(1846)古宅青苔SelectedShortStoriesYoungGoodmanBrown(1835)好小伙布朗TheMinister’sBlackVeil(1836)教长的黑面纱TheBirth-Mark(1843)胎记......FeaturesofWorks•ManyofHawthorne'swritingcentersonNewEngland•manyworksfeaturingmoralallegorieswithaPuritaninspiration•hisworksoftenhavemoralmessagesanddeeppsychologicalcomplexity.•HisfictionworksareconsideredpartoftheRomanticmovementand,morespecifically,Darkromanticism.•Histhemesoftencenterontheinherentevilandsinofhumanity(Blackvisionofhumannature)DarkRomanticism•(oftenconflatedwithGothicismorcalledAmericanromanticism)isaliterarysubgenrecenteredonthewritersEdgarAllanPoe,NathanielHawthorneandHermanMelville.•AsopposedtotheperfectionistbeliefsofTranscendentalism,theDarkRomanticsemphasizedhumanfallibilityandpronenesstosinandself-destruction,aswellasthedifficultiesinherentinattemptsatsocialreform.Blackvisionofhumannature•obsessedbytheCalvinisticconceptoftheoriginalsin•believeshumanbeingsareevil-naturedandsinful•thissinandeviliseverpresentinhumanheartandwillpassonfromonegenerationtoanother•evilseemstobeman'sbirthmarkTheScarletLetterCharactersHesterPrynneloversArthurDimmesdalemotherfatherPearlrevengecouplestorturingRogerChillingworth＆PLOT•What:•it'sastoryofapuritanwomenHesterPrynnewhowaspublishedtowearascarletletterAwhichstoodforthecrimeofadultery.ThisyoungladytriedtosettleddowninBostonwithheroldanduglyhusbandChillingworth,ascholar,butthelatterdidnotappearforyears.Duringthistime,HestercommittedadulterywithalocalministerDimmesdaleandgavebirthtoagirlPearl.•facingtheterriblepublishment,Hesterrefusedtogiveherlover'snameawaytoprotecthim.Yearslatter,thehusbandChillingworthcamebacktothetownandfoundoutthewholetruth,andheoperatedanhorrorrevengeonDimmesdale,withhidinghistruename.•finally,Dimmesdaledead.Frustratedinhisrevengee,ChillingworthdiesayearlatterHesterandPearlleaveBoston.manyyearslatter,Hesterreturnsalong,stillwearingthescarletletter,toliveinheroldcottageandresumehercharitablework,shereceivesoccasionallettersfromPearl,whohasmarriedaEuropeanaristocratandestablishedafamilyofherown,whenHesterdies,sheisburiednexttoDimmesdale.Thetwoshareasingletombstone,whichbearsascarletA•When-----Setting(time):middleof17thcentury•Where----Setting(place):Boston,Massachusettes•Protagonists:HesterPrynneArthurDimmesdaleRogarChillingworthPearlThemes•Puritianism•Love•Sin•Revenge•evil•Rebellionandloyalty•toescapethebondageofreligioneitheronpeople'sspiritoronpeople'snaturedesire•themoral,emotionalandpsychologicaleffectsorconcequencesofthesinonpeople•............Thecharactersinthenovelfrequentlydebatetheidentityofthe“BlackMan,”theembodimentofevil.Overthecourseofthenovel,the“BlackMan”isassociatedwithDimmesdale,Chillingworth,andMistressHibbins,andlittlePearlisthoughtbysometobetheDevil’schild.Itmayimpliesthatevilisaninseparablepartofhumanbeing.Thecharactersalsotrytorootoutthecausesofevil.First,itisthetruelovebetweenHesterandDimmesdalethatseducesthemintoevil.Second,theadulterybetweenHesterandtheministerarousesChillingworth’shatewhichaccountsforhiscarefullyplottedandpreciselyaimedrevengeonDimmesdale.Thus,thebookarguesthattrueevilarisesfromthecloserelationshipbetweenhateandlove.Evilsymbols•theletterA--adultery,able,angle,adamic...•nameofchharacters:Hester--HestiaArthurDimmesdale--AD--adultery--dim--weekandcowardRogarChillingworth:chill--cool--cold-bloodedthescaffold:asymbolofpenitenceandGod'sdaoofjudgement.prison:isolationandalienationTheforest:herinabilitytofindhappnessorwarmth,hope.stream:linebetweenevilandpure......Criticalresponse•D.H.LawrencesaidthattherecouldnotbeamoreperfectworkoftheAmericanimaginationthanTheScarletLetter.•HenryJamesoncesaidofthenovel,Itisbeautiful,admirable,extraordinary;ithasinthehighestdegreethatmeritwhichIhavespokenofasthemarkofHawthorne'sbestthings—anindefinablepurityandlightnessofconception...Onecanoftenreturntoit;itsupportsfamiliarityandhastheinexha