Unit3 Grammar_V-ed作定,表,宾补

Grammar动词-ed形式作定语动词-ed形式作表语动词-ed形式作宾语补足语过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧,渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词形容词(theParticipleAdjective),实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词,除表示“完成”的动作之外,还表示“被动”的意义。如：icedbeer(冰冻啤酒)；cookedfood(熟食);friedchips(炸土豆条)一、动词-ed形式作定语。但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作,而不表示“被动”意义。如:boiledwater(开水);fallenleaves(落叶);therisensun(升起的太阳)等。单个的动词-ed形式,一般放在被修饰的名词前,作前置定语。Theexcitedpeoplerushedintobuilding.激动的人们冲进大楼。(=thepeoplewhowereexcited)Losttimecanneverbefoundagain.虚度的时光,无法挽回。(=timewhichislost)(1)前置定语动词-ed形式短语作定语时,通常要放在被修饰的名词后,相当于一个定语从句。1.TheboykilledbySamismyfriend.(=whowaskilledbySam)2.Themeeting,attendedbyalotofpeople,wasasuccess．这次会议有很多人出席,开得很成功。(=whichwasattendedbyalotofpeople)(2)后置定语考点一：作定语1.TsinghuaUniversity,_____in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.（福建2011）A.foundB.foundingC.foundedD.tobefounded[点拨]答案为C。过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰TsinghuaUniversity。C2.Theisland,_______tothemainlandbyabridge,iseasytogoto.（2011大纲全国卷）A.joiningB.tojoinC.joinedD.havingjoined[点拨]答案为C。过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰island。C过去分词作表语并无“完成”或“被动”之意,而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。如：Helookedworriedafterreadingtheletter.看完信后,他显得很忧虑。Whenweheardofit,weweredeeplymoved.当我们听到这件事时,被深深地感动了。Heseemedquiteexcitedattheidea.听到这个想法,他似乎很激动。二、动词-ed形式作表语。amused(愉快的)；broken(碎了的)；closed(关闭的)；astonished(吃惊的)；crowded(拥挤的)；experienced(有经验的);delighted(高兴的)；lost(丢失的)；gone(遗失的)；disappointed(失望的)；worried(担忧的)；interested(感兴趣的)tired(疲劳的)pleased(高兴的)；satisfied(满意的)；surprised(吃惊的);married(已婚的)；known(著名的)等等。常见的作表语的过去分词有:三、动词-ed形式作宾语补足语。能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词,表示被动意义或已完成意义,有时候两者兼而有之。Shefoundthedoorbrokeninwhenshecameback．她回来时发现有人破门而人。(1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词see,hear,watch,notice,feel,find,think,suppose,consider+O+done等。Wethoughtthegamelost．Theyconsideredthemattersettled．(2)使役动词make,get,have,keep,leave,hold+sb/sth+done结构。Ihavemyhaircutonceamonth．Hewastryingtomakehimselfunderstood．①(请人)把某事做完。Shehadherhouserepaired．②遭遇某种意外情况。Shehadherwalletstolenyesterday.③完成某事(自己也可能参与)。Ihavehadallmyspellingmistakescorrected．我把所有的拼写错误都改正了。(3)“have+宾语+done”结构：(4)表示希望、要求、命令等动词like,want,wish,expect,order+O+doneHewon’tlikesuchquestionsdiscussedatthemeeting．他不喜欢在会议上讨论这样的问题。(5)“with+宾语+宾补”结构。Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.小偷被带进来了,双手被反绑在后面。Withmanycoloredflowersplantedaroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden．考点三：作宾语补足语1.Clairehadherluggage_____anhourbeforeherplaneleft.（陕西2011）A.checkB.checkingC.tocheckD.checked[点拨]答案为D。havesth.Done意为“使某物被……”。D2.MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself_____ofhisowndreams.（重庆2011）A.remindingB.toremindC.remindedD.remind[点拨]答案为C。keeponeselfremindedof...意为“使某人自己被提醒……”。CI.下列各句均有一处错误,指出并改正。1.ThematchbetweenClass4andClass5issuretobeexcited.2.InterestinginEnglish,helistenstoBBCeveryday.excited→excitingInteresting→Interested3.HowIwishIcouldmakemyselfunderstandingfullyinEnglish!4.Wemethimatthegivingtimeandplace．5.Whenheardthenews,sheburstintolaughter.understanding→understoodgiving→givenheard→hearing或heard前加she6.Hewassittinginthechair,readabook.7.Thevillagershadmanytreesplantingjustthen.8.Enteredtheroom,shefoundthewallnewlypainted.read→readingplanting→plantedEntered→Entering9.Surprisingatwhathappened,Tomdidn’tknowwhattodo.10.Therewerethebrotherslookverymuchalike.Surprising→Surprisedlook→looking1.WhenIarrivedhomeoneday,Ifoundher______(seat)underthetalltree.2.Youcanimproveyourmindby_______(read)literaryclassics.3.Inordertomakehimself_____(hear),heraisedhisvoicealittlebit.II.用所给词的适当形式填空。seatedreadingheard4.Thepool,_______(cover)anareaof300squaremeters,isbigenoughforyoutoenjoy.5.Thechildrenwillget________(confuse)ifaskedtolearntoomuchatatime.6.Doyoulikethebook_____(make)upofuntruestories?coveringconfusedmade7.Don’tkeepthevisitor_______(wait)forsuchalongtime.8.MostofmyclassmatesknowthatIlikereadingbooks_______(write)byZhangAiling.writtenwaitingFinishalloftheGrammarEx.2,3,5Page23,Ex3,5Page24.(全品)HomeworkThankyou!