大型煤粉锅炉燃烧设备性能设计方法

MWMWMWMWMWNOxCHSONAMEk0FzEk0WBMCRBMCRWh1abqHrLh2FSSSBMLRNOxϑNOxNOxNOxVdafFLFLFLFLFLFLMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hWMWt/hWMWt/hWMWt/hWMWt/hWMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/hMWt/h第1章燃料CHONSAM1.1.1碳（C）CO2MJCOMJ1.1.2氢（H）MJ1.1.3硫（S）MJSO2SO3SO3SO2SO3H2SO3H2SO41.1.4氧（O）和氮（N）NOxNONO21.1.5灰分（A）SiO2SiO2Al2O3SiO2Al2O3SiO2Al2O3DTSTHTFTDTFTDTFT1.1.6水分（M）1.2.1燃料的成分分析基准wCwHwOwNwSwAwM=wCwHwOwNwSwAwMwCarwHarwOarwNarwSarwAarwMar=wCadwHadwOadwNadwSadwAadwMad=wCdwHdwOdwNdwSdwAd=wCdafwHdafwOdafwNdafwSdaf=1.2.2煤的工业分析MAVFCQMadVadFCadAadwMadwVadwFCadwAad)=wMarwVarwFCarwAar=wMadwVadwFCadwAad=wVdwFCdwAd=wFCdafwVdaf=VdafVdafVdaf1.2.3燃料成分基准的换算MadMinhMfSRSLYararad100100MM−−ar100100M−arar100100AM−−adadar100100MM−−ad100100M−adad100100AM−−d100100arM−100100adM−d100100A−daf100100ararAM−−100100adadAM−−100100dA−1.2.4煤的分类VdafVdafVdafVdafASTMbtu·lb-1mj·kg-1ABCABCABBtu/IbMJ/kgCASTMD1.3.1燃料发热量QgrQnetMJ/kgMJ/m3KkPaQgr=QnetHM1.3.2各种成分基准发热量间的换算Qnet,ad=Qnet,ar+Maradarad25100100MMM−−−Qnet,d=Qnet,ar+Marar100100M−Qnet,daf=Qnet,ar+Mararar100100AM−−Qnet,ar=Qnet,ad+Madar100100MM−−MQnet,d=Qnet,adMadad100100M−Qnet,daf=Qnet,ad+Madadad100100AM−−Qnet,ar=Qnet,darar25100100MM−−Qnet,ad=Qnet,dadad25100100MM−−Qnet,daf=Qnet,dd100100A−Qnet,ar=Qnet,dafararar25100100MAM−−−Qnet,ad=Qnet,dafadadad25100100MAM−−−Qnet,d=Qnet,daf100100dA−Qnet,adQnet,arQgr,ad=Qnet,adHadMadQr,ar=Qgr,adadar100100MM−−=Qnet,adHadMadadar100100MM−−Qnet,ar=Qgr,arHarMar=Qnet,adHadMadadar100100MM−−HarMar=Qnet,adMadadar100100MM−−MarMadMarffadar100100MMMM+−×=MfMJkcalkgkg/MJMzAzSzMz=182.4/100/arnet,arQMAz=182.4/100/arnet,arQASz=182.4/100/arnet,arQSMarAarSarQnet,arMJ/kgMar=AarQnet,ar=MJ/kg1.4.1粘性Pa·sνm2/scm2/sºEmLmLνEν=0.0731EE0631.0EºEνcm2/sºEºEºEºE1.4.2闪点和燃点s1.4.3凝固点ºs1.4.4相对密度204d=td4204dαtαα204d104α204d104α1.4.5硫分SarSar=SarEEvmm2·s-1CarHarSarOarNar204ρQnet,arMJ·kg-1Qnet,ar=MJ/m3Qnet,arMJ/m3Qnet,arMJ/m3H2COCH4CmHn1.5.1天然气CmHnCH4CH4CO2Qnet,ar=MJ/m31.5.2高炉煤气CON2Qnet,arMJ/m31.5.3发生炉煤气COCON2H2Qnet,arMJ/m3COH2wCO=wH2=N2CO2Qnet,ar=MJ/m31.5.4炼焦煤气H2CH4N2Qnet,ar=MJ/m3MJ·m-3CmHnφ(CH4)φ(C2H6)φ(C3H8)φ(C4H10)φ(H)φ(CO)φ(CO)φ(HS)φ(N)φ(O)QgrQnet1.6.1热天平分析及判别指数的确定G1G2tW1maxmg/minTmaxG1mgW2maxmg/minT2maxG2mgRRRw=560/t650/T1min0.27W1maxRJ=a·Ab·Bc·Cd·DABCDG2T2max98τ98τ′abcdG2T2max98τ98τ′98τmin98τ′minG2mgT2maxτ98minτ98minG2G2T1max98τ98τ′A=fG2B=fT2maxC=f98τD=f98τ′ABCD76.327.014.0004.055.0109898max22J−′+++=ττTGRRwRJRwRwRwRwRwRJRJRJRJRJRwRJMarMadAadVdafFCadQnet,arMJ·kg-1RwRJAMarMadAadVdafFCadQnet,arMJ·kg-1RwRJ1.6.2热显微镜分析煤的燃烧特性[4]LeitzALeitzAmmhml/min/min1.6.3煤粉颗粒着火指数炉[5]MadAadVdafTdTd=VdafAadMadR=VdafAadMadMadAad1.6.4煤粉气流着火指数测定装置B&WmmmmmmTdMadAadVadVdafQnet,arMJ·kg-1TdABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTm3/hm3/hm/sm/s=MJ/hITVdafVadITRIITRIabVdafVadITJB/TmmkWITRIq1q2U4g/minq1q11q12q11q12q1q2g/gq1q2m/sm/sµgggg1.6.5管式沉降炉mmG=g/minQSTP=L/minGg/minRe/smABBCEksMarMadAadVadFCadVdafQgr,adMJ·kg-1VdAdksksg/cm2⋅s⋅atmkscm2⋅s⋅atmKKKKKKg/cm2⋅s⋅atm=g/m2⋅s⋅Pak0Eatmcmg2⋅⋅smolJg/cm2⋅s⋅atm=9g/m2⋅s⋅Paks=k0expERTlnks=lnk0ERTlnksTk0EEkJ/molk0g/cm2·s·MPag/cm2·s·atm1.6.6一维火焰试验炉kWLmmkW/m3MJ/m3·hkW/m3MJ/m3·hLABB=1A0A1A0/100A0qv=kW/m3BSBTBSTBSMJ·h-1m3·h-1kW·m-3VadVdafQnet,adMJ·kg-1RICbLBR90VadVdafQnet,adMJ·kg-1RICbLBR90RICbRICbBRIfRI=CbCbRICb=10-4·RI1.8151·f0.5505RICb=10-7·RI2.9383·f0.1416CbCbmmgeefgkW/m3mmIaabbegkgmmRBARBA·St·dRFCDTSTFTgfedcbaRBA/RBA·St·d/RFC/DTSTFTDG/MWt/hMWhHGqvqFmMWWGZDGRBARBA·St·dRFCDTSTFTHGDGSGDGHGt/hHGMWMWt/ht/ht/ht/hRBARBA·St·dRFCDTSTFTt/ht/ht/hmm1.7.1煤的着火及燃烧稳定性判别指数VdafAarMarQnet,arVdafVdafVdafVdafVdafVdafVdafVdafVdafAarVdafVdafVdafVdafVdafVarVarVdafTdTd=VdafAadMadAadMadMadAadTdTdTdTdTdTdTdVdafVarVdafVdaf1.7.2煤的燃尽特性判别指数Vdaf=RJ1RJ1=K·VdafKGK=G=K=GK=G=G=G=G=G=G=G=G=RJ1RJ1RJ1RJ1RJ1y=K=FF=VadMad2·FCad·100-2MadVadFCadFzFzFzFzFzBETh2N2Sh2N2SBETVdaf=eh2N2S0.0899VdafR=Vdafh2N2SVdafh2N2Sh2N2Sh2N2Sh2N2Sh2N2Sh2N2SSiSiVdafSi=e0.0267VdafR=Vdaf=SiSiSiSiSiSiSiVdafSiVdafksks=A·expEETksg/cm2·s·MPaT=KksVdafksVdafks=Vdaf·-5R=ks=Vdaf·-5ks=Vdaf·-5Vdafks·-5ks·-5ks·-5ks·-5ks·-51.7.3煤灰结渣特性判别指数STSTSTSTSTRzRz=BA+322OAlSiOTG+BA=23222232TiOOAlSiOOKONaOFeMgOCaO++++++G=MgOCaOOFeSiO100SiO3222+++×RzRzRzRzRzgcm3Fe2O3gcm3RNRN=m000125TTT−RNT25Pa·sT1000Pa·sTmPa·sPa·sTm=2000125TT+RNRN1.7.4煤的沾污特性判别指数Ru1MgOCaOOFe32+Ru1=⋅ABNa2OB=CaO+MgO+Fe2O3+K2O+Na2OA=SiO2+Al2O3+TiO2Ru1Ru1Ru1Ru1Na2ONa2ONa2ORu1hRu1hRu1hRu1hRu1h=⋅ABNa2OhNa2OhMgOCaOFeO+CaO+MgORu1=Na2ORu1Ru1Ru1Na2ORu1Ru1Ru1Ru1g/cm21.7.5煤灰磨损特性的判别指数SiO2Fe2O3Al2O3HmHm=100arASiO20.8Fe2O31.35Al2O3AarHmHm=Hm1.7.6煤的可磨性指数及磨损指数KKKHGIK=0.0034HGI1.25+0.61KKKHGIHGIKKeKeKeDLR90=δmgKe=τδAKeδR90=mgτR90=minAA=mg/minKeKe=KeKeKe322OAlSiOKeKexzkgKexz=ME310⋅mg/kgEgMkgKexzKexzKexzKexzKeKexzKexz=Ke+TT=DAKG⋅⋅ThGKAg/tDt/hSO2ZGMnThThTh1.7.7用工业分析数据表征热天平试验结果RwRJMadAadVdafFCadQnet,arRwRJRwRw1=MadAad+VdafFCadQnet,arR=Rw2=MadAadVdafFCadR=Rw3=MadAadVdafR=RQnet,arFCadRwFzAadVdafRJRwRJ1=MadAadVdafFCadQnet,arR=RJ2=MadAadVdafQnet,ar