2020版导与练一轮复习语言知识必修1Unit3能力提升题组训练BWord版含解析

能力提升题组训练(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018宁波十校高三模拟)Weliveinasocietywheremanypeopletendtohave“blackandwhitethinking”andextremethinking.Everydayanewheadlineannouncesacertainfoodisbadandruiningourhealth,whilepraisesanotherfoodofitsamazingbenefits.Eachyear,newstudiesinnutritionsciencecomeout,manyofwhichareagainstearlierfindings.Additionally,wearetoldtheliethatifweeatthe“correctfoods”andfollowasetofrules,wewillgainhealthandhappiness.We’veallheardsomeonesaying,“Iateabrownie(巧克力蛋糕)andIwassobadtoday.”Someonefeelsthatwhattheyeatdetermineswhethertheyarea“good”or“bad”person.Forinstance,someonemightalsosay,“IamagoodparentifIfeedmychildthis.”However,foodisn’tgoodorbad.Whatyouchoosetoeatdoesnotdetermineyourvalueorworthasahumanbeing.Theonlyreasontofeelguiltyforeatingabrownieisthatyoustoleitfromthestore.Besides,theideathatyoushouldn’teatlaterintheeveningisanutritionmyth.Ourmetabolism(代谢)keepsrunning24hoursaday.Rules(liketellingyourselfwhentostopeating)createfearandasensethatyoucannottrustwithfood.Consistentlyfuelingyourbodyeveryfewhoursespeciallywhenyouarehungrywillallowyoutofeelyourbest.Sowhenyoufeelhungrybeforeheadingtobed,eatsomecheeseandcrackers.Inmyopinion,mentalhealthisanimportantpartofone’soverallhealth.Ithinkwecanallagreethatbeingterrifiedtoeatsomefoodisnotmentallyhealthy.Ratherthanfocusingonfoodrules,aimforbalance,varietyandflexibility.1.Wecanjudgewhetherapersonis“good”or“bad”by.A.thesourceofthefoodB.thetimewhentheyeattheirfoodC.theperson’spreferenceforfoodD.thethingstheyputintheirfood2.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.It’swrongforpeopletoeatanythinglateintheevening.B.It’simportanttokeepabalanceddietforpeople’shealth.C.Fearofsomefoodisanimportantreflectionofmentalhealth.D.Parentswhogivechildrenbadfoodarebadparents.3.Whatseemstobetheauthor’sattitudetowardthepresentthoughtsaboutfood?A.DisapprovingB.FavorableC.ReservedD.Objective语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。作者表明了自己对当下的一些饮食原则的看法,我们应更多地关注饮食平衡、饮食多样性和灵活性。答案及剖析:1.A细节理解题。由文章第二段内容“foodisn’tgoodorbad.Whatyouchoosetoeatdoesnotdetermineyourvalueorworthasahumanbeing.Theonlyreasontofeelguiltyforeatingabrownieisthatyoustoleitfromthestore”可知,作者认为判断一个人好坏得依据食物来源而不是食物本身,故选A。2.B推理判断题。由文章第三段最后一句“Sowhenyoufeelhungrybeforeheadingtobed,eatsomecheeseandcrackers.”可知A项叙述错误;由文章最后一句“Ratherthanfocusingonfoodrules,aimforbalance,varietyandflexibility”可知,作者认为平衡饮食对健康很重要,故B项正确;由文章最后一段第二句“Ithinkwecanallagreethatbeingterrifiedtoeatsomefoodisnotmentallyhealthy”可知C项叙述不正确;由文章第二段内容“someonemightalsosay,‘IamagoodparentifIfeedmychildthis.’However,foodisn’tgoodorbad.”可知,作者认为食物的好坏并不能决定一个人的好坏,D项不正确。3.A观点态度题。由文章第一段和最后一段可知,作者并不赞同当下的一些有关饮食的说法,故选A。B(2018江西师范大学附属中学高三三模)Ifyouthinkthatrunningmarathonswillhelpyoulivealongandhealthylife,newresearchmaycomeasashock.Accordingtoarecentscientificstudy,peoplewhodoaverystrenuousworkoutareaslikelytodieaspeoplewhodonoexerciseatall.ScientistsinDenmarkhavebeenstudyingover1,000joggersandnon-joggersfor12years.Thedeathratesfromthesamplegroupindicatethatpeoplewhojogatamoderatepacetwoorthreetimesaweekforlessthantwoandahalfhoursintotalareleastlikelytodie.Thebestspeedtojogatwasfoundtobeabout5milesperhour.Theresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhojogmorethanthreetimesaweekorathigherspeedsofover7mphdieatthesamerateasnon-joggers.Thescientiststhinkthatthisisbecausestrenuousexercisecausesstructuralchangestotheheartandarteries(动脉).Overtime,thiscancauseseriousinjuries.PeterSchnohr,aresearcherinCopenhagen,said,“Ifyourgoalistodecreaseriskofdeathandimprovelifeexpectancy,joggingafewtimesaweekatamoderatepaceisagoodstrategy.Anythingmoreisnotjustunnecessary,anditmaybeharmful.”Theimplicationsofthisarethatmoderateformsofexercisesuchastaichi,yogaandbriskwalkingmaybebetterforusthan“ironman”events,triathlonsandlong-distancerunningandcycling.AccordingtoJacobLouisMarott,anotherresearcherinvolvedinthestudy,“Youdon’tactuallyhavetodothatmuchtohaveagoodimpactonyourhealth.Andperhapsyoushouldn’tactuallydotoomuch”.4.Theunderlinedword“strenuous”inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto“”.A.hardB.regularC.practicalD.flexible5.TheauthorpresentssomefiguresinParagraph2to.A.suggestgivingupjoggingB.showrisksofdoingsportsC.providesupportiveevidenceD.introducetheresearchprocess6.Accordingtothescientists,whyistoomuchexerciseharmful?A.Itmayinjuretheheartandarteries.B.Itcanmakethebodytiredout.C.Itwillbringmuchpressure.D.Itconsumestoomuchenergy.7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Noexerciseatallisthebestchoice.B.Moreexercisemeansahealthierlife.C.Marathonsrunnersareleastlikelytodie.D.Properexercisecontributestogoodhealth.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了做运动过多或过少都对身体有害,只有做适量的运动才对身体有益。答案及剖析:4.A词义猜测题。由第一段“Accordingtoarecentscientificstudy,peoplewhodoaverystrenuousworkoutareaslikelytodieaspeoplewhodonoexerciseatall.”可知,一点不做运动的人和非常艰苦锻炼的人都极有可能死,故选A。5.C推理判断题。第二段所举的例子主要是为了证明第一段所提出的观点,所以在第二段列举一些数字为观点提供有力的证据,故选C。6.A细节理解题。由第二段倒数第二句“Thescientiststhinkthatthisisbecausestrenuousexercisecausesstructuralchangestotheheartandarteries(动脉).”可知,做过多的运动有害是因为它可能伤害心脏和动脉,故选A。7.D推理判断题。根据第三段可知,做运动过多或过少都对身体有害,只有做适量的运动才对身体有益,故选D。Ⅱ.语法填空(2018河北衡水中学高三三模)TsinghuaUniversitywasestablishedin1911,originallyunderthename“Ts