2018年4月自考英语二试题及答案详解

1D-00015绝密★启用前2018年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试题（课程代码00015）本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和转考证号写在答题卡上。必须在答题卡上答题，试卷答题无效。一、阅读判断(共1题，合计10分)回答题MarriageAdvertisementsinIndiaEverySundaymorningmillionsofIndianssettledownwithacupofteaandspecialweekendissuesoftheirnewspapersjustasAmericansdo.Buthere,withthemarriageseasonapproaching,manyofthemquicklytoaSundayfeaturethatisparticularlyIndian-the-col-umnsofmarriageadvertisementsinwhichyoungpeoplelookforhusbandsandwives.Thisisrelativelymodernchangeintheage-oldcustomofthearrangedmarriage.Thethousandsofadvertisementspublishedeachweekincreasinglyreflectsocialchangesthatcomingtothistraditionalsociety.Forexample,althoughwomenarestilldescribedintermsofappearanceorskillinthewifelyarts,informationaboutherearningpowerisenteringmoreandmoreoftheadvertisements.ThisreflectsthearrivalinIndiaoftheworkingwife.DivorcewhichusedtobealmostunheardofinIndia,issometimesnowmentionedintheadvertisementsasinthecaseofawomanwhoseadvertisementinNewDelhinewspaperexplainedthathadbeentheinnocentpartywhenhermarriagebrokeup.Becausethecustomofthedowry(marriagepayment)isnowillegalsomeadvertisementssaynodowryorsimplemarriage,whichmeansthesamething.However,thefathersofmanybridegroomsstillrequireit.Inalandwherelightskinisoftenregardedassociallypreferablemanyalsorequirethatawomanhaveawheatcolorcomplexionorthatamanbetall,fairandhandsome.Advertisementsareplacedandeagerlyreadbyawiderangeofpeopleintheupperclasses,mostlyincities.Manyofthemreceivedozensofanswers.There'snothingembarrassingaboutit,'explainedaCalcuttabusinessmanadvertisingason-in-law.It'sjustanotherwayofbroadeningthecontactsandincreasingthepossibilityofdoingthecontactsandincreasingthepossibilitiesofdoingthebestoneforone'sdaughter.Becauseofhighunemploymentandagenerallypoorstandardoflivinghere,oneofthebestattractionsamarriageadvertisementcanofferisapermittoliveabroad,especiallyinCanadaortheUnitedStates.Apersonwhohasonecangetwhathewants.OnerecentSundayinMadras,forexample,aPunjabiengineerlivinginSanFranciscoadvertisedforabeautifulslimbridewithlovelyfeaturesknowingmusicanddance.AndamanwhoseadvertisementsaidthatheheldanAmericanimmigrationpermitwasabletosay,onlygirlsfromrichwell-connectedfamiliesneedapply.21Inthetext,aSundayfeatureisakindofnewspaperadvertisementsinwhichyoungpeoplelookforhusbandsandwives.（）A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned[正确答案]A本题分值：1分试题解析:第一段第二句解释了“aSundayfeature”的内容。译文：但在这里，随着结婚季节的临近，很多人阅读具有印度特色的周末版征婚广告栏目，年轻人在那儿寻找自己的另一半。因此题干说法是正确的。答案为A。2InMarriageadvertisementsinIndiawomenareonlyintroducedintermsofappearanceortheirskillinbeingagoodwife.（）A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned[正确答案]B本题分值：1分试题解析:利用细节信息词“Marriageadvertisements”和“appearanceandtheirskill”在文中找答案相关句：althoughwomenarestilldescribedintermsofappearance，orskillin“thewifelyarts”，informationaboutherearningpowerisenteringmoreandmoreoftheadvertisements．显然答案相关句的内容与问题句内容不一致。答案为B。3India'ssocietyischanging.（）A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned[正确答案]A本题分值：1分试题解析:这道题是主旨题。文章第一段倒数第三句直接反映文章主题：Thethousandsofadvertisements．．．reflectsocialchangesthatcomingtothistraditionalsociety。答案为A。4Theworddowryinthethirdparagraphmeansmarriagepayment.（）A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned[正确答案]A3本题分值：1分试题解析:答案相关旬中“marriagepayment”放在括号中出现在“dowry”之后，充当其同位语结构，对其进行解释，因此“dowry”的含义就是“marriagepayment(彩礼)”。答案为A。5InIndiapeoplewithlightskinandgoodfeaturearepreferable.（）A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned[正确答案]C本题分值：1分试题解析:利用细节结构“lightskin”和“goodfeature”作为答案线索，我们知道在印度人们喜好浅亮肤色，但并没有说喜欢“美丽的容貌”，因此问题句中的部分信息没有提到。答案为C。6Anyonecanreceivedozensofanswersifhe/sheplacedanadvertisement.（）A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned[正确答案]B本题分值：1分试题解析:译文：只要刊登了征婚广告，任何人都能收到大量的回信。根据第三段第四、五句，在大多数城市里，上层社会中许多人都会急切地读这些征婚广告。他们中的许多广告能收到几十个回复。由此看出，并不是所有人都能收到大量回复，因此题干说法错误。答案为B。7Thewordoneinapersonwhohasonecangetwhathewantsreferstogoodattraction.（）A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned[正确答案]B本题分值：1分试题解析:首先找到“apersonwhohasonecangetwhathewants”所在的上下文，然后进行判断，结合前句话的内容“由于高失业率和较低的生活水平”，“one”应该指前句中的“permittoliveabroad”(在国外居住的许可)。答案为B。8Advertisementsareonlyreadbyasmallgroupofpeopleofhighsocialstatus（）A．RightB．Wrong4C．Notmentioned[正确答案]B本题分值：1分试题解析:利用问题句中含有修饰结构的短语“peopleofhighsocialstatus”作为答案线索，在第三段中有相关句“Advertisementsareplacedandeagerlyreadbyawiderangeofpeopleintheupperclasses”与“peopleofhighsocialstatus”呼应，比较问题句的内容与答案相关旬的内容，发现二者不一致。答案为B。9InIndiathereisahighdivorcerate.（）A．RightB．WrongC．Notmentioned[正确答案]C本题分值：1分试题解析:文章中没有提到印度的离婚率，只是说现在印度人在征婚广告中不像过去以前一样对此讳言的事实。答案为C。10AmalewhohasanAmericanimmigrationpermitmeansheiscompetitiveinmarriagethanothers.（）A．RihtB．WrongC．Notmentioned[正确答案]A本题分值：1分试题解析:译文：如果一位男士他拥有美国移民许可证，那么他在择偶方面比别人更具竞争力。本文最后一句，持有美国移民许可证的男子则在广告中提到，只有那些来自富裕家庭，有良好社会关系的女子才可应聘。由此看出，这类男性在印度社会更受欢迎，在择偶方面更有竞争力。答案为A。二、阅读理解(共1题，合计10分)回答题IncomeIncomemaybenationalincomeandpersonalincome.Whereasnationalincomeisdefinedasthetotalearnedincomeofallthefactorsofproduction--namely,profits,interest,rent,wages,andothercornpensationforlabor,personalincomemaybedefinedastotalmoneyincomereceivedbyindividualsbeforepersonaltaxesarepaid.NationalincomedoesnotequalGNP(GrossNationalProduct)becausetheactorsofproductiondonotreceivepaymentforeitherc