中考英语复习1 句子结构

Welcometomyclass!文章基础知识结构段落句子词组单词树根?单词树枝?句子句子成分树叶?NIEJIQIAN冠词介词连词感叹词名词可数不可数动词代词形容词副词数词及物不及物词NIEJIQIANnewsfactusuallyniceyourthemtheirstheeveryonereachlikebuttwenty-firstoneatwithshouldhavebeento词类辨析句NIEJIQIAN句子的成分主语句子的主体，发出动作的人或物，表示所说的是谁或是什么。主语一般放在句首，特殊句型中，在句末。Hewasborninasmallvillage.代词Kunmingbecomesbeautiful.名词Theoldmantoldusastory.名词或短语系动词系动词亦称连系动词（LinkVerb）。作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（名词或形容词），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。HeisanEnglishteacher.Theweathergetscold.Kunmingbecomesbeautiful.表语用来说明主语的身份、特征、状态等，位于连系动词后。可作表语的有名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、动词不定式、介词短语、分词短语及从句等HeisanEnglishteacher.Theweathergetscold.名词或短语形容词谓语说明主语的动作特征状态等，由动词或动词短语构成.Hearrived.Ilikeapples.itgetscold不及物动词及物动词系表结构宾语是动作的承受者。及物动词及相当于及物动词的短语后都必须带宾语。Ilikeapples.Hegavemeabook.Helikestoplaybasketball名词代词名短不定式定语修饰名词或代词的句子成分。可以做定语的有名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、动词不定式、介词短语、动名词、分词短语及从句等。形容词作定语放在名词之前，副词或副词短语时常放在名词后Whatalovelyday!Ihavealotofworktodo.形容词动词不定式状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词的句子成分称为状语。状语用来说明时间、地点、条件、原因、方式、程度、目的、结果等。可用作状语的有副词、不定式短语、分词短语、介词短语及从句等。如：Hearrivedyesterday.IhaveafriendinAmerica.时间副词地点介短1.主语+系(link-v.)+表语2.主语+谓语3.主语+谓语+宾语4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语五种基本句型1.主语+系(link-v.)+表语HeisanEnglishteacher.Theweathergetscold.Kunmingbecomesbeautiful.1.Theyaretalking.()2.Bettylooksverybeautiful.()3.WecallmypetMimi.()4.Thechildrenwereplayinghappily()5.Dannycanswim.()6.Hehasgone.()7.Theleavesisturninggreen.()8.Yourroomshouldkeepclean.()√√√2.主语+谓语(vi.)Hearrived.Hearrivedyesterday.Hecameback.1.Theyaretalking.()2.Bettylooksverybeautiful.()3.WecallmypetMimi.()4.Thechildrenwereplayinghappily()5.Dannycanswim.()6.Hehasgone.()7.Theleavesisturninggreen.()8.Yourroomshouldkeepclean.()√√√√3.主语+谓语（vt./vi+介词)+宾语Ilikeapples.Sheoftenlistenstomusic.HearrivedatKunmingyesterday1.Ididin’tliketigers.()2.TheyhavedalreadyreachedBeijing.()3.Ireadmysonastoryeverynight.()4.Dannysenthisteachersomebeautifulflowers.()5.Jennycansingthesong.()6.Myfatherboughtmeanewbikeyesterday.()7.Areyoureadingnewspapers?()8.Iamgoinghome.()√√√√4.主语+谓语(vt.)+间接宾语+直接宾语Hegavemeabook.Theoldmantoldusastory.Motherboughtmeanewwatch.5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语Heencouragedmetoworkhard.ShesawtheboysinginginclassroomTomaskedLilytohelphim.常接双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)的动词•间宾前加to的动词有:•sell,feed,bring,read,pass,teach,give,take,show,send,tell,write,find,throw•间宾前加for的动词有:•sing,make,get,buy,choose,return,cook,pick,order,call,leave,hand练习:下列句子分别属于哪一句型.A.主语+系动词+表语(+状语)B.主语+谓语(+状语)C.主语+谓语+宾语(+状语)D.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(+状语)E.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(+状语)•()1.Theflowersmellssweet.•()2.IvisitedmyteacherlastSunday.•()3.Theyaredancing.•()4.Mrs.Blackhelpedhissonbrushhisteeth.•()5.Jennyboughtawatchforhim.•()6.Hismothersenthimanewwatch.•()7.Ioftenhearhersinginthenextroom•()8.Thegirlopenedthedoor.•()9.MaryandLynnliveinTaiyuan.•()10.Shelookslikehermother.•()11.Youshouldstudyhard.•()12.Thechildrenplayfootballontheplaygroundeveryafternoon.•()13.Theweatherisgettingwarmerandwarmer.•()14.Wepaintedthewallwhite.•()15.Heaskedmetogoswimmingwithhim.•()16.OnSundaymanypeoplehaveawalkinthepark.•()17.Misszhanghastaughtusmathsfortwoyears.•()18.TomandJohnarethebeststudentsinourclass.•()19.Hedideverythingtohelpthepoor.•()20.Sheaskedmemytelephonenumber.