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学校代码:10207分类号:F091.3学号:20080006密级:内部硕士学位论文试论诺斯制度变迁理论的转变TrytotalkabouttheNorth’stransformationofthetheoryofinstitutionalchange学科专业:西方经济学研究方向:西方经济学姓名:纪婷婷指导教师:王洋教授硕士学位类型:学历硕士授予单位:吉林财经大学二O一二年四月原创性声明本人声明所呈交的学位论文是本人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。除文中已经注明引用的内容外,本论文不含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果,也不包含为获得吉林财经大学或其他教育机构的学位或证书而使用过的材料。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体,均已在文中以明确方式标明。因本学位论文引起的法律结果完全由本人承担。本学位论文成果归吉林财经大学所有。指导教师签名:日期:学位论文作者签名:日期:学位论文版权使用授权书本学位论文作者完全了解吉林财经大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,有权保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和磁盘,允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权吉林财经大学可以将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索,可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存、汇编学位论文。(保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权书,本论文:□不保密,□保密期限至年月止)。指导教师签名:日期:学位论文作者签名:日期:I中文摘要本文以诺斯制度变迁理论的转变对中国改革经济发展的影响为研究对象,结合马克思制度变迁理论来理解和分析诺斯制度变迁理论的优点与缺陷,客观分析中国改革开放三十年经济发展状况。进一步利用诺斯制度变迁理论转变中的人类行为、环境因素、心智模型等来分析对经济增长的影响,早期的诺斯思想认为制度是经济增长的关键,注重分析产权清晰和降低交易费用,而转变的诺斯思想还谈论了路径依赖问题,更加深入的理解了制度变迁理论。诺斯强调国有企业的私有化更利于经济发展,忽略了马克思理论中的公有制问题,结合具体实例,对二者进行比较分析,寻找更有利于经济发展的理论。改革开放三十年中国的两次经济改革,包括经营权的改革和所有权的改革,告诉我们必须以马克思制度变迁理论中强调的公有制为主,结合诺斯制度变迁理论转变中的行为环境和路径依赖在内的产权清晰,将部分国企私有化,这才是有利于中国经济发展的可寻之路。关键词:制度变迁转变产权马克思主义路径依赖心智构念改革开放国有企业IIAbstractThetopicofthisarticleistheinfluenceofChina'sreformofeconomicdevelopmentoftheexchangeofNorth’stheoryofinstitutionalchange.CombinedwithMarx'stheoryofinstitutionalchangetocomprehendandanalysetheAdvantagesanddefectsofNorth’stheoryofinstitutionalchange.InuseoftheHumanbehavior、Environmentalfactors、mentalmodelstoanalyseitseffecttotheEconomicgrowth.North’sthoughtdefinedthesystemtobethekeypointoftheeconomicgrowthintheearlystage.HowevertheexchangeofNorth’sthoughtalsotalkabouttheproblemofPathdependencewhichunderstandthetheoryofInstitutionalchangedeeply.NorthemphasizetheprivatizationofState-ownedenterprisesmakesmoreadvantageoustotheeconomicdevelopment,whichignoredtheproblemofthePublicownershipoftheMarx'stheory.Basedonsomeexamples,analyzedthebothcomparatively,tofindoutthetheorywhichmoreconducivetoeconomicdevelopment.In30yearsofChina’sreformandopening,twiceEconomicreform,includethereformofthemanagerightsandtheproprietaryrights,whichtellusthatthePublicownershipoftheMarx'stheorymustbethemajorpart.CombinedwithBehaviorenvironmentandPathdependenceofcleardefinitionofpropertyrightinNorth’stheoryofinstitutionalchange.Makepartlystate-ownedenterprisesintoprivatization,whichistherightwaytothedevelopmentofChina’seconomy.Keywords:Institutionalchange,exchange,Marxist,Path,dependence,Mentalconstructs,Reformandopening,State-ownedenterprises1目录中文摘要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„Ⅰ英文摘要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„Ⅱ引言„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„1一、选题的意义„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„1(一)这一研究,有助于学习和理解诺斯制度变迁理论及其转变„„1(二)这一研究,有助于总结中国改革开放三十年的成果和教训„„2二、国内外研究现状:一个简要的回顾„„„„„„„„„„„„„„2第一章早期的诺斯制度变迁理论„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3一、诺斯思想的理论渊源„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3(一)科斯定理对诺斯产权理论的影响„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4(二)德姆赛茨的产权理论对诺斯的影响„„„„„„„„„„„„„5(三)科斯交易费用理论对诺斯的影响„„„„„„„„„„„„„„6二、以西方世界兴起为例阐述诺斯的理论思想„„„„„„„„„„„7(一)经济增长的关键在于制度因素„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„7(二)成功与失败的对比„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„8三、经济史结构与变迁中的国家理论及意识形态理论„„„„„„„„9(一)制度变迁中的国家理论„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„10(二)制度变迁中的意识形态理论„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„10四、评诺斯制度变迁理论对中国改革与发展的影响„„„„„„„„„11第二章诺斯制度变迁理论的转变„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„13一、诺斯制度变迁理论的新发展„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„13(一)诺斯制度变迁理论转变的原因分析„„„„„„„„„„„„13(二)重新解释了“制度”的概念及建立了制度演化模型„„„„„14(三)重新说明路径依赖成因及传递途径„„„„„„„„„„„„15二、与早期诺斯制度变迁理论的不同„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„16(一)制度是在长期中逐渐演进的„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„162(二)不确定性、意向性、“非各态历经”成为制度分析的主角„„„16(三)行为主体的认知过程影响经济决策„„„„„„„„„„„„17(四)心智构念对制度形成、维系和变迁的影响„„„„„„„„„18三、诺斯制度变迁理论的路径依赖„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„18(一)诺斯路径依赖理论的主要内容„„„„„„„„„„„„„„18(二)诺斯路径依赖理论的简要评述„„„„„„„„„„„„„„19(三)诺斯路径依赖理论的理论价值及其启示„„„„„„„„„„20第三章诺斯制度变迁理论转变的马克思主义因素„„„„„„„„„„„„22一、运用马克思主义历史唯物观评析„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„22(一)马克思的历史唯物观理论„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„22(二)马克思的制度变迁理论„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„23二、诺斯与马克思在研究方法上的比较与综合„„„„„„„„„„„24(一)诺斯在基本方法上借鉴了马克思主义„„„„„„„„„„„24(二)对诺斯和马克思具体方法论的分析„„„„„„„„„„„„24三、马克思对诺斯制度变迁理论的批判„„„„„„„„„„„„„„24(一)是什么决定了历史上社会制度的不同演进模式„„„„„„„25(二)为什么落后的经济方式会在相当长的时期存在„„„„„„„27四、具体分析制度的变迁应适应当时的历史状况„„„„„„„„„„28(一)美国联邦制的形成„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„28(二)苏联解体的原因分析„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„29第四章中国制度变迁理论的诺斯转变„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„30一、回顾中国改革开放三十年„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„30二、阐述改革开放三十年的成果与教训„„„„„„„„„„„„„„31三、从理论上总结经验„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„33(一)诺斯的产权理论给我们的启示„„„„„„„„„„„„„„33(二)诺斯的国家理论给我们的启示„„„„„„„„„„„„„„34(三)诺斯的意识形态理论给我们的启示„„„„„„„„„„„„34(四)诺斯的路径依赖理论给我们的启示„„„„„„„„„„„„„35结论„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„363参考文献„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„37后记„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„411引言当前,中国各个社会群体暴力倾向的涌动,表明社会矛盾激化,其原因在于社会制度变迁的过程中出现的利益冲突,利益冲突的根本原因是因人们的生存和发展而不断增长的各类需要与相对落后的社会生产力之间的矛盾,而利益冲突的直接原因是在一个社会中由基本经济制度、基本政治制度和基本法律制度决定的社会具体利益制度安排不合理。本文就是在这样的背景下形成的。运用诺斯的制度变迁理论的转变,研究中国改革开放三十年的发展变化,找出对解决当前问题的最有利的方案与理论,对今后中国经济发展及社会矛盾的解决具有非常重要的意义。一、选题的意义中国改革开放三十年,经济发生了翻天覆地的变化,先后进行两次制度改革,先是经营权的改革,包括扩权、让利和实现责任制,后是所有权的改革,包括抓大放小、调整布局和实行股份制。将诺斯制度变迁理论渗透到中国的经济改革中,更有利于让我们学习和理解诺斯的制度变迁理论及诺斯制度变迁理论的有利转变,对于丰富研究今后中国经济增长的理论更有意义。具体言之,主要体现在下列方面:(一)这一研究,有助于进一步学习和理解诺斯制度变迁理论及其转变诺斯早期的制度变迁理论注重产权清晰和降低交易费用,认为只有制度是经济增长的关键,转变后的制度变迁理论加入了认知、环境、心智模型及路径依赖等客观影响经济的因素。但通过比较和分析马克思制度变迁理论与诺斯的不同,可以得出诺斯的不足是忽略了公有制,认为应将所有国企都私有化,这样是2片面的。(二)这一研究,有助于进一步总结中国改革开放三十年的成果和教训回顾中国改革开放三十年中国经济的发展与改革,可以得出诺斯的制度演化理论更注重对制度短期内的调整研究,强调连续性的变革,及制度变革与经济绩效的关系,是“体制内”的致富理论,这与中国现阶段的经济体制改革的特点相适合。在今天,国人在经历了长期的贫穷后,寻求富裕的愿望日益强烈,而诺斯
本文标题:试论诺斯制度变迁理论的转变
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