英语论文-远离尘嚣

FarFromTheMaddingCrowd—ATragedyofAWomanandATragedyofSocietySpecialization:FieldofResearch:NameofAuthor:RegistrationMember:NameofSupervision:TitleofSupervision:ForeignLanguageDepartmentApril,2011AbstractIntroductionChapterOneLiteratureReviewandIntroductiontoHardy1.1LiteratureReview1.2ABriefIntroductiontoHardyChapterTwoTheCausesofTheTragedy2.1ExternalFactors2.1.1NaturalSurroundings2.1.2SocialEnvironment2.1.3ATragedyofSociety2.2InternalFactors2.2.1CharacterisationofBathsheba2.2.2Bathsheba’sAspirations2.2.3ATragedyofaWoman—BathshebaHerselfChapterThreeThePossibilityoftheFailureinBathsheba’sSecondMarriage3.1TheEssenceofBathsheba’sSecondMarriage3.2Hardy’sDoubtabouttheHappinessoftheMarriageConclusionReferencesAcknowdgementAbstractThomasHardyisoneofthegreatestrealisticnovelistsinBritain.Mostofhiswordsportraywomen.Hewasadeepunderstandingofwatchmen’slifestyleandpsychology,andshowsgreatsympathyforthewomeninmale—dominatedsociety.HisfirstfamousnovelFarFromtheMaddingCrowdpresentsthelivingconditionsofVictorianwomenfunnyandcentrally.FarFromtheMaddingCrowddescribesWessexthatpossesesthecharacterofcountrysideasbackground,whichcentersaroundBathshebaandOak’slovestory,anditexpresseshefnctionoftragicgenerationabout“NovelsofCharacterandEnvironment”.Thisarticle,accordingtoanalysisofauthor’stragicthought,andsocialfactorsandpersonalityfactorsofeffectonBathsheba’stragicdestiny,disclosesthatasanordinarypeople,theyrebeledandstruggledtothefateandtheyfoughtwiththesocietyhelplessly.Intheend,theyturnedouttobethesacrificialvictimofsociety.Nowadays,investigationintothistragicnovelisstillofrealisticsignificance,forhertragicexperience.Inthisthesis,Iventuretoarguethatthisnovelisnotatragicomedy,butatragedy—atragedyofawoman,andatragedyofsociety.Iintendtoanalyzethenovelinviewofwomen’sindependenceandemancipation,ofFeministcriticismandofsocialdevelopmenttoprovethatsocietyismainlytoblameandBathsheba’ssecondmarriageisafailuretoher,whichisamarriagewithouttruelove.Keywords:Bathsheba,tragedyofawoman,tragedyofsociety摘要托马斯·哈代是英国最伟大的现实主义小说家之一。他的大部分作品都是描写女性。哈代对女性的生活方式和心理有着深入的了解。并且对那些生活在男性统治社会里的女性怀有深切的同情。哈代的成名作《远离尘嚣》就是一部全面、集中反映维多利亚时代妇女生存状态的力作。《远离尘嚣》是以虚构的具有浓郁乡村特色“威赛克斯”为故事背景，以盖博瑞尔·奥克和芭丝谢芭的悲欢离合为情节，表达了性格与环境对悲剧产生的作用。本文通过分析作者的情节描写，影响巴斯谢吧命运结局的社会因素和个人因素，由此揭露出芭丝谢芭对命运的反抗和屈服，及其作为普通人与当时男人主宰的社会的抗争是无助的，最终被沦为社会的牺牲品。今天研究他们的悲剧仍然有现实意义，人们可以从巴斯写吧的自我毁灭中吸取教训，以作“前车之鉴”。关键词：芭丝谢芭，妇女的悲剧，社会的悲剧。ChapterOneLiteratureReviewandIntroductiontoHardy1.1LiteratureReviewFarfromtheMaddingCrowd,publishedin1874,anovelestablishingHardy’sreputationandmakingitpossibleforhimtomarryEmmaaswellastoquitarchitecturefortheunsteadyprofessionofafull-timewriter,isgenerallyreadasapastoraltragicomedy,whichwasoncesupposedtobewrittenbyGeorgeEliot.Unfortunately,itspopularitydeclinedwiththebirthofHardy’sothernovels,especiallythatofTessandJude.Amongmoremoderncritics,thenovelreceiveseitherslightattentioninanygeneralconsiderationofHardy’sworksoragreementonitsstrengths(suchasapictureofrusticlife)andweaknesses(suchaspreoccupationwithplot).Thereforethestudiesmadebyourpredecessorsofthenoveloftenturnouttobestaticandincomplete,henceunscientific.Asamatteroffact,thenovelquitedeservesmoreattentionandfurtherstudy.Justasafamoussayingpopularinthefieldofliterarycriticismgoes:onethousandreadersproduceonethousandHamlets.Similarly,everyonewhoreadsthisnovelwillhavehisowninterpretationofit.Inthepresentthesis,Iwouldventuretoarguethat,asoneofHardy’smajornovels,itinevitablyexemplifieshispessimisticideas.Inessence,itisnotatragicomedybutaHardyantragedyof“CharacterandEnvironment”withamodern“unfinished”endinginwhichlifegoeson.ItisatragedyofarebelliousgirlintheVictorianAgewhosepursuitofloveandindependenceandcareerfinallycomestonothing.IfweanalyzeitinconnectionwithHardy’sgenerallyacknowledgedtragicnovels,ifwereaditinthelightofwomen’sindependenceandemancipation,ofFeministcriticism,andofsocialdevelopment,wewillnotfailtorecognizethisessence.ThomasHardy’swork,likehimself,areeasytogeneratecriticismontheissueofgenderandpower.WhenDesperateComedieswaspublished,reviewerscouldnotdecideonthesexoftheauthorbecausetheauthor,ononehand,seemedtobequitefamiliarwiththedressingupofwomenwhileontheotherhand,therewerecertainexpressionsthatshouldnotcomeoutofthemouthofanEnglishlady.ItisthesamewithFarfromtheMaddingCrowd.“WhenFarFromMaddingCrowdappearedanonymouslyintheCornhillMagazine,theSpectatorreviewofJanuary3,1874insistedthatThomasHardy’sserialmusthavebeenwrittenbyawoman,noneotherthantheGeorgeEliotofAdamBede”(Shires50).Thisreviewfoundstrongtextualevidenceforgenderblurringandarguedthatthiswasapatriarchalpastoralwrittenbyawomanwithaman’sname.1.2ABriefIntroductiontoHardyThomasHardyisthelastVictoriannovelistandthefirstmodernnovelist.Livinginanageoftransitionandgreatsocialupheaval,hewitnessedindustrializationofproduction,theuglinessofmoderncapitalistcivilizationandthegreatcontroversybetweenscienceandreligion.Hardy,amaninadvanceofhisage,whowasatvariancewiththeVictorianidealofprogress—strongoptimism,viewedhumanexistenceasatragedy,determinedbyindifferent,evenhostilepowersbeyondthe