新概念英语第二册第20课-

Lesson20OnemaninaboatNewwordsandexpressionsparkv.抓到fishermann.钓鱼人，渔民bootn.靴子wasten.浪费realizev.意识到Ioftenfishforhourswithoutcatchinganything.Butthisdoesnotworryme.我经常一钓数小时却一无所获，但我从不为此烦恼。Somefishermenareunlucky.Insteadofcatchingfish,theycatcholdbootsandrubbish.有些垂钓者就是不走运，他们往往鱼钓不到，却钓上来旧靴子和垃圾。Buttheydon’trealizeoneimportantthing.I’mnotreallyinterestedinfishing.Iamonlyinterestedinsittinginaboatanddoingnothingatall!然而他们没有认识到重要的一点，我并不是真的对钓鱼有兴趣，我感兴趣的只是独坐孤舟，无所事事！Afterhavingspentwholemorningsontheriver,Ialwaysgohomewithanemptybag..'我总是在河上呆上整整一上午，然后空着袋子回家。Iamevenlesslucky.Inevercatchanything—notevenoldboots.我的运气甚至还不及他们。我什么东西也未钓到过—就连旧靴子也没有。Fishingismy_________sport.Ioftenfishforhourswithout_______anything.Butthisdoesnot_______me.Some___________are_______._______ofcatchingfish,theycatcholdbootsand_______.Iamevenlesslucky.Inevercatchanything--notevenoldboots.Afterhaving________wholemorningsontheriver,Ialwaysgohomewithan_______bag.'Youmust_______fishing!'myfriendssay.'It'sa______oftime.'Buttheydon't________oneimportantthing.I'mnotreally__________infishing.Iamonly___________insittinginaboatanddoingnothingatall!favouritecatchingworryfishermenunluckyInsteadrubbishspentemptygiveupwasterealizeinterestedinterested1.Whatisyourfavouritepastime?sportsreadingHitch-hikingmountaineeringsurfingsingingdancingbikingmoviespainting2.Howmuchtimedoyouusuallyspendonyourpastimeeveryweek?3.Areyougoodatit?How?4.Theimportanceofhavingapastime?5、Doyouthinkthewriteriswastinghistime?WhyorWhynot?\6、Doyouthinkthewriterwouldliketoworkasafisherman?Wouldyou?WhyorWhynot?Questionsonthetext:1.Whatdoesthewriteroftendo?2.Whatdosomefishermencatch?3.Whatdoesthewritercatch?4.Whatishisfriends’suggestion?5.Whyisfishingthewriter’sfavouritesport?Heoftenfishesforhourswithoutcatchinganything.Theycatcholdbootsandrubbish.Helikessittinginaboatanddoingnothingatall.Hecatchesnothing.(alwaysgoeshomewithanemptybag).Theyaskmetogiveupfishing:“It’sawasteoftime.”【课文讲解】1.Ioftenfishforhourswithoutcatchinganything.①.(表否定)没有，无，不需。如：Theletterwaspostedwithoutastamp.那封信没贴邮票就寄出去了。我们到了那儿，一路上没遇到任何麻烦。Wegotthere.雨天外出不带伞会淋湿的。You’llgetwetif.②(用在no,not,never等否定副词之后，强调肯定)没有……不，没有……则不能……，每……必定……。如Theoldmancannotwalkwithoutastick.那位老先生离开手杖就走不了路。withoutanytroubleyougooutintherainwithoutanumbrella③(与-ing形式连用)不，无，没。如：Sheenteredtheroomwithoutknocking.她没敲门就进了房间。我要是不懂得一点那个国家的语言，就不想到那个国家去。Idon’tliketogotoacountrywithoutknowingsomethingofthelanguage.④without+宾语+动名词无人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。,heslippedthroughthewindow.⑤without+宾语+过去分词Withoutanotherwordexchanged,theystartedoff.没有再交谈一句，他们就出发了。Withoutanyonenoticing⑥用于虚拟语气without有时可表示条件，引出虚拟语气，与butfor大致同义。如Without[Butfor]appropriatesoftware,acomputerwouldbeamerebox.如果没有恰当的软件，电脑只是一个空盒子罢了Without[Butfor]you,ourprojectwouldn’thavesucceeded.如果没有你的话，我们的计划就无法成功了。2.Insteadofcatchingfish,theycatcholdbootsandrubbish.prep.代替,而不是...①作为短语介词，insteadof后面常跟名词、代词和动名词，偶尔也跟复合结构Imadethiscakespecially,withbrownsugarinsteadofwhite.我特别地以红糖代替白糖做了这个蛋糕。他们必须自己做出决定，而不是由我们来代替他们作决定。Theymustmakeuptheirownmindsinsteadofourmakinguptheirmindsforthem.②Insteadof后面还可跟形容词、副词、动词、不定式、介词短语和从句，这时相当于连词Takingexerciseeverydaymakeshimlookyoungerinsteadofolder.每天锻炼身体使他显得更年轻而不是苍老。（连接形容词）Igotobedlateinsteadofearly.我总是很晚才睡。（连接副词）Thatincreasedinsteadofdecreasedourcourage.这增加而不是减少了我们的勇气。（连接动词）Heproposestodosomeworkinsteadoftowatchtelevision.他提议做些工作而不是看电视。（连接不定式）Inwarmweatherheoftenreadsunderatreeinsteadofinthelibrary.（连接介词短语）③Instead单独使用的时候式副词，常用于句末。例如：We’venocoffee.Wouldyouliketeainstead.我没有咖啡了，喝茶行吗？坐汽车得好几天时间，所以我们还是改乘飞机吧。Itwilltakedaysbycar,so.她成天打网球，而不是学习。.let’sflyinsteadSheneverstudies.Instead,sheplaystennisallday3.Afterhavingspentwholemorningontheriver,Ialwaysgohomewithanemptybag.不定式和动名词都可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和补语作主语和表语时，动名词形式表示一般的、概念性的、时常的动作，而动词不定式常表示一时的、偶然的行为和动作。如：Beingadoctorisagoodchoice.当医生是不错的选择。（对任何人、任何时候而言都是这样）Tobeagooddoctorismydream.(1)只可使用动名词作宾语的动词enjoy,miss,practice,prefer,suggest,consider,appreciate,avoid,mind,imagine,finish,admit,deny,delay,risk只跟动名词的短语：feellike,stickto,devoteto,payattentionto,beworth,bebusy,can’thelp,itisnouse,beusedto(习惯于),lookforwardto,can’tstand(2)wish,hope,promise,expect,pretend,want,agree,refuse,prepare,manage,persuade,afford,offer,attempt,decide等只跟不定式的习语：wouldlike/loveto等。(3)既可接动名词，又可接不定式作宾语的动词有：start,begin,continue,like,love,hate等，意思基本没有love，like和hate接动名词和不定式时，表示长久的、规律性的好恶用动名词，表示一时的、个别性的好恶常用不定式Hehateeatingfishfromhischildhood.Ilovetogodrivingonsuchalovelyafternoon.接名词作宾语接不定式作宾语remember记得过去发生的动作记得将来要做的动作try试着去做、尝试改变努力去做某事regret对做过的事表示后悔对要做的事表示遗憾mean意味着……企图（打算）做某事goon继续做未完成的事情做完一件事后，接着做另一件forget忘记以前曾做过某事忘记去做某事can’thelp禁不住做某事不能帮着做某事(4)以下动词既可接动名词，又可接不定式作宾语，但意思有区别。补充：①need,want,require,demand,beworth等接动名词,主动形式表被动：4“Youmustgiveupfishing!”myfriendsay.“It’sawasteoftime.”givesb.acall给……打电话giveatalk作报告givealecture(apianoconcert)作讲座(举行钢琴音乐会)giveback归还，送回give……someadviceon给……一些忠告givelessonsto给……上课givein屈服giveup放弃givesb.achance给……一次机会giveamessageto……给……一个口信动名词的一般式与完成式用法区别动名词的一般式所表示的动作可以与谓语动作同时发生，也没有明确的先后关系；动名词完成式主要表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作或状态。如：Youkeepinterruptingme.你