化工专业英语试题

试卷类别（A），共（4）页，第（1）页河北科技大学理工学院2009——2010学年第二学期《化工专业英语》考试试卷一、将下列单词或词组译成汉语(20%，每个1分)。3-nitrotoluenecentrifugationpartialpressurebubblephaseboilingbedstreamlinesflowsensibleheatpressuredropinternalenergyparticulatefluidizationextractiveagentcivilengineerboundarylayerbufferlayerdehumidificationoriginaltemperaturecatalyticcrackingdewpointsodiumchlorideinternalenergy二、将下列单词或词组译成英语(10%，每个1分)。单元操作冷凝湿球密度二氧化碳沸点乙烯过滤化学工程辛烷三、阅读理解(10%，每题2分)。Thefirstproductsgivenoffduringthedistillationofpetroleumaregaseous.Theyaremainlyhydrocarbonshavingonetofivecarbonatomswhichareusuallyseparatedfromeachotherbychemicalmethods.试卷类别（A），共（4）页，第（2）页四、将下列句子译成汉语(30%，每题6分)。（1）Dehumidificationofaircanbeeffectedbybringingitintocontactwithacoldsurface,eitherliquidorsolid.（2）Athighvelocitiestwoseparatephasesareformed;thecontinuousphasewhichisoftenreferredtoasthedenseoremulsionphase,andthediscontinuousphaseknownasthelean（phase）orbubblephase.（3）Therearetwoprincipaltypesofflowwhichwillbediscussedindetailnamelystreamlinesandturbulentflow.（4）Iftheprocessiscarriedoutadiabaticallyalltheenergyaddedtothesystemappearsinthegasanditstemperaturerises.（5）Whenthefrictionaldragontheparticlesbecomesequaltotheirapparentweight(actualweightlessbuoyancy),theparticlesbecomerearranged.试卷类别（A），共（4）页，第（3）页五、阅读回答题（20%）。根据短文内容回答问题。（答题中所涉及的文字描述均使用中文）Forexample,ethylalcoholandwaterformabinaryazeotropeat0.89molefractionalcohol,sothatthisistherichestalcoholsolutionthatcanberecoveredbysimpledistillation.Additionofbenzeneasanazeotropicagentyieldsadistillateproductconsistingofaternaryazeotrope.Thebottoms（釜底产物）isthedesiredpurealcohol.Sufficientalcoholislostintheternaryazeotropetorequireitsrecovery.Oncondensation,theternaryazeotropeinthedistillatesplitsintotwoliquidphases.Thebenzene-richphaseisreturnedtothefirstdistillationcolumn,whilethewater-richphaseissenttoasecondcolumn.Inthissecondcolumn,thedistillateisagaintheternaryazeotrope,whichiscondensedandsenttothephasesplitter（分相器）(togetherwiththedistillatefromthefirstcolumn).Thebottomsfromthesecondcolumnisanaqueoussolutionofalcohol.Itissenttoathirdcolumnthatproducesthewater-alcoholazeotropeasthedistillateandpurewaterasthebottoms.Thisdistillateismixedwiththefeedtothefirstcolumn.Thus,theneteffectoftheprocessistoproducepurealcoholandpurewaterfromthealcohol-waterazeotrope.1．无水乙醇为什么不能采用简单精馏的方法制取？（3分）2．简单精馏方法得到的最大浓度的乙醇溶液中含乙醇的质量百分数是多少？（4分）试卷类别（A），共（4）页，第（4）页3．根据流程描述，将流程图补充完整，并标出每个流股所含的组分名称。（13分）12T112T212T3UASU1S2S3S4S5S6S1S7S8六、将下面摘要翻译成英语（10%）采用LH-10催化剂制备了三醋酸甘油酯（Glyceryltriacetate），探索了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量等因素对反应的影响。结果表明：温度范围105℃～125℃、时间5h、LH-10为30%时醋酸甘油酯的收率达95%。