现在分词

1.Therewasaterriblenoise_______thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed2.Itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire________allnight.A.toburnB.burnC.burningD.burned3.Theflowers______sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofname.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt4.The______boywaslastseen______nearthebankofthelake.A.missing;playingB.missing;playC.missed;playedD.missed;toplay5.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman_____hishandintothepocketintoapassenger.A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting6.John’sbadhabitis_____withoutthoroughunderstanding.A.readB.beingreadC.tobereadD.readingTeachingaims&demands:1.TolearnVerb-ingphrasesusedastheadverbial.2.Toknowtheperfectformandnegativeformofaverb-ingform.现在分词作状语现在分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系，否则不能用现在分词作状语。V-ing的各种形式变化：主动形式被动形式一般式V-ingbeingV-ed完成式havingV-edhavingbeenV-ed否定式：notv-ing/nothavingv-ed一般式：在时间上表示一个正在进行或与谓语动词同时发生或存在的动作或状态完成式：在时间上表示该动作先于谓语动词的动作或状态时态语态Eg.Hearingthebell,thestudentsbegantoentertheclassroom.听见铃声，学生们开始走进教室。（听见和进入两个动作同时发生）Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisournewlibrary.现在正在建造地这栋楼房室我们地新图书馆（beingbuilt为现在分词的被动形式，表示动作正在进行之中。）Havingdonethework,hewenthome.完成了工作，他就回家了。现在分词作状语现在分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在分词一般不用作表目的的状语（通常用不定式表目的的状语）。1.作时间状语(相当于when/while引导的从句，可以转换为一个时间状语从句when/while/after+主语+动词).v-ing短语作时间状语要置于句首。如：Hearingthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.=_____________________________,theycouldn’thelpcrying.当听到这个不幸的消息时，他们情不自禁地哭了起来。WhentheyheardthebadnewsHavingreceivedhisletter,Idecidedtowriteback.=___________________________,Idecidedtowriteback.收到他的信后，我决定给他回信。AfterIhadreceivedhisletterThewomanshouldn’tusehermobilephonewhile________.drivingPleasetakecarewhen_________theroad.crossingdohishomeworkplaybasketballAfterhedidhishomework,theboywenttoplaybasketball._________________________,theboywenttoplaybasketball.Havingdonehishomeworkdohishomeworkplaybasketball2.作原因状语(可变成由because/as/since/for/now(that)/since(that)引导的原因状语从句)V-ing短语作原因状语置于句首。如：Beingsoangry,hecouldn’tgotosleep.=_____________________,hecouldn’tgotosleep.因为太生气了，他不能入睡。BecausehewassoangryHavingbeentotheGreatWallmanytimes,hedidn’tgolastweek.=___________he_________totheGreatWallmanytimes,hedidn’tgolastweek.因为他已经去过长城许多次，上周他就没去。Because(As)hadbeenAstheharelooksdownuponthetortoise,heliesdownandsleepssoundly.__________________thetortoise,thehareliesdownandsleepssoundly.LookingdownuponAsthetwogirlsdon’tknowtheway,theyunfoldedamapandreadit.____________________,thetwogirlsunfoldedamapandreadit.NotknowingthewayplanttreeshopeforagoodenvironmentWeplanttreeseveryyear,____________________________.hopingforagoodenvironment3.作条件状语(可置换成由if/incase/oncondition/unless/suppose引导的条件状语从句)。句型：if+主语+动词v-ing作条件状语置于句首或句末。如：Workinghard,youwillsucceed.=_________________,youwillsucceed.如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。IfyouworkhardreducetheemissionofwastegaseshaveaclearerskyIfwereducetheemissionofwastegases,wewillhaveaclearersky.reducetheemissionofwastegaseshaveaclearersky__________________________________,wewillhaveaclearersky.Reducingtheemissionofwastegases4.作让步状语（置换成让步状语从句的时候although/though一般沿用）注意：although/though不可以与but连用，但是可以与yet连用v-ing短语作让步状语,可置于句首或句末句型：although/though+主语+动词（根据句子的整体时态语态决定）Thoughworkingfrommorningtillnight,hisfatherdidn’tgetenoughfood.=_________________________________________________,hedidn’tgetenoughfood.虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命地干活，但是他还是挣不到足够的吃的。Althoughhisfatherworkedfrommorningtillnight5.作伴随状语（说明动作发生的背景或者情况，表示v-ing形式的动作和主句的动作同时发生，此时可以转换为由and引导的并列句）置于句首或句末。句型：and+主语+动词如：Theycameintotheclassroom,singingandlaughing.=Theycameintotheclassroom,________________________.andtheysangandlaughed6.做结果状语通常放在句末。中间用逗号隔开，表示一种自然的结果。Thesnowlastedaweek,resultinginserioustrafficconfusioninthewholecity.typhoonfloodtornadodroughtThehurricaneKatrinastruckAmerica.Asaresult,itdestroyedmanyhouses.ThehurricaneKatrinastruckAmerica,_______________________.destroyingmanyhousesSomebigtreeswerebroughtdowninatyphoon,_________________.blockingtheroadblocktheroadWhenworkinginthefactory,hewasanadvancedworker.=______________________________,hewasanadvancedworker.注意：1.v-ing短语与when,while,though,until,if等连词连用时，相当于这些连词引导的一个从句。如：WhenheworkedinthefactoryThoughwillingtoattendtheparty,herefusedtheinvitation.=____________________toattendtheparty,herefusedtheinvitation.WhilestayinginBeijing,hecametoseemetwice.=_____________________inBeijing,hecametoseemetwice.ThoughhewaswillingWhilehewasstayingIfplayingallday,youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.=______________,youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.Thoughrainingheavily,itclearedupverysoon.=_______________________,itclearedupverysoon.IfyouplayalldayThoughitwasrainingheavily2.动词-ing形式在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一致。如：Hetraveledontheplanelikethis,keepingthetortoisehiddeninablanket.=Whenhetraveledontheplanelikethis,hekeptthetortoisehiddeninablanket.1)a.Hearingthenews,tearsrandownherface.b.Hearingthenews,shecriedoutsadly.2)a.Enteringtheclassroom,Ifoundnobodyinit.b.Enteringtheclassroom,nobodywasfoundinit.Choosethecorrectsentence.3)a.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,thegardenwasbeautiful.b.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,wesawabeautiful